Immobilization of Clostridium perfringens type D in calcium alginate beads: toxin production mimics free cell culture
Background and Objectives: Cell-immobilization is used to maintain microbial culture to produce metabolites in repeated-batch or continuous fermentations, thereby reducing the time and resources spent on delivering mass production of microbe. The technique also enables shortening of the detoxificat...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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Tehran University of Medical Sciences
2022-08-01
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| Series: | Iranian Journal of Microbiology |
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| Online Access: | https://ijm.tums.ac.ir/index.php/ijm/article/view/3047 |
| _version_ | 1817995495687061504 |
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| author | Hakimeh Rakhshandeh Mehrdad Shamsaddini Bafti Behnaz Familsatarian Maryam Nooshadokht Payam Khazaeli Omid Raiesi Bagher Amirheidari |
| author_facet | Hakimeh Rakhshandeh Mehrdad Shamsaddini Bafti Behnaz Familsatarian Maryam Nooshadokht Payam Khazaeli Omid Raiesi Bagher Amirheidari |
| author_sort | Hakimeh Rakhshandeh |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description |
Background and Objectives: Cell-immobilization is used to maintain microbial culture to produce metabolites in repeated-batch or continuous fermentations, thereby reducing the time and resources spent on delivering mass production of microbe. The technique also enables shortening of the detoxification phase and the amount of formaldehyde required due to low incidence of viable bacteria in the extract.
Materials and Methods: A solution of sodium alginate containing Clostridium perfringens cells was dropped into stirring CaCl2 solution via a sterile syringe needle. Optimizations resulted in reasonably uniform beads containing C. perfringens. Beads were externally stabilized by poly L-lysine, followed by immersion in a solution of Na-alginate to coat them with a new layer of alginate forming an alginate-PLL-alginate cortex.
Results: This study proved successful in immobilizing C. perfringens cells inside uniform alginate microspheres. Cell loading and cell propagation inside the beads were measured. The cell loaded beads were cultivable in liquid media producing 550 minimum lethal doses per milliliter (MLD/ml) in a 72 h.
Conclusion: The research paved the way for further investigations to optimize and establish an efficient bacterial encapsulation method. Thus, it seems possible to produce toxins from beads engulfing C. perfringens on larger scales via repeated-batch or continuous fermentation processes.
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| first_indexed | 2024-04-14T02:07:55Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-4877676ab08e4d7ab199aa91c67dfb33 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2008-3289 2008-4447 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-04-14T02:07:55Z |
| publishDate | 2022-08-01 |
| publisher | Tehran University of Medical Sciences |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Iranian Journal of Microbiology |
| spelling | doaj.art-4877676ab08e4d7ab199aa91c67dfb332022-12-22T02:18:36ZengTehran University of Medical SciencesIranian Journal of Microbiology2008-32892008-44472022-08-0114410.18502/ijm.v14i4.10236Immobilization of Clostridium perfringens type D in calcium alginate beads: toxin production mimics free cell cultureHakimeh Rakhshandeh0Mehrdad Shamsaddini Bafti1Behnaz Familsatarian2Maryam Nooshadokht3Payam Khazaeli4Omid Raiesi5Bagher Amirheidari6Department of Pharmaceutical Nanotechnology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran; Student Research Committee, Faculty of Pharmacy, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, IranAnaerobic Bacterial Vaccines Research and Production Department, Kerman Branch, Razi Vaccine and Serum Research Institute, Agricultural Research, Education and Extension Organization (AREEO), Kerman, IranCellular and Molecular Research Center, Research Institute for Prevention of Non-Communicable Disease, Qazvin University of Medical Sciences, Qazvin, IranDepartment of Pathobiology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Shahid Bahonar University of Kerman, Kerman, Iran; Leishmaniasis Research Center, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, IranPharmaceutics Research Center and Faculty of Pharmacy, Institute of Neuropharmacology, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, IranDepartment of Parasitology, School of Allied Medical Sciences, Ilam University of Medical Sciences, Ilam, IranPharmaceutics Research Center and Faculty of Pharmacy, Institute of Neuropharmacology, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran; Department of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran Background and Objectives: Cell-immobilization is used to maintain microbial culture to produce metabolites in repeated-batch or continuous fermentations, thereby reducing the time and resources spent on delivering mass production of microbe. The technique also enables shortening of the detoxification phase and the amount of formaldehyde required due to low incidence of viable bacteria in the extract. Materials and Methods: A solution of sodium alginate containing Clostridium perfringens cells was dropped into stirring CaCl2 solution via a sterile syringe needle. Optimizations resulted in reasonably uniform beads containing C. perfringens. Beads were externally stabilized by poly L-lysine, followed by immersion in a solution of Na-alginate to coat them with a new layer of alginate forming an alginate-PLL-alginate cortex. Results: This study proved successful in immobilizing C. perfringens cells inside uniform alginate microspheres. Cell loading and cell propagation inside the beads were measured. The cell loaded beads were cultivable in liquid media producing 550 minimum lethal doses per milliliter (MLD/ml) in a 72 h. Conclusion: The research paved the way for further investigations to optimize and establish an efficient bacterial encapsulation method. Thus, it seems possible to produce toxins from beads engulfing C. perfringens on larger scales via repeated-batch or continuous fermentation processes. https://ijm.tums.ac.ir/index.php/ijm/article/view/3047Clostridium perfringens;Cell-immobilization techniques;Encapsulation;Calcium alginate beads;Toxin production |
| spellingShingle | Hakimeh Rakhshandeh Mehrdad Shamsaddini Bafti Behnaz Familsatarian Maryam Nooshadokht Payam Khazaeli Omid Raiesi Bagher Amirheidari Immobilization of Clostridium perfringens type D in calcium alginate beads: toxin production mimics free cell culture Iranian Journal of Microbiology Clostridium perfringens; Cell-immobilization techniques; Encapsulation; Calcium alginate beads; Toxin production |
| title | Immobilization of Clostridium perfringens type D in calcium alginate beads: toxin production mimics free cell culture |
| title_full | Immobilization of Clostridium perfringens type D in calcium alginate beads: toxin production mimics free cell culture |
| title_fullStr | Immobilization of Clostridium perfringens type D in calcium alginate beads: toxin production mimics free cell culture |
| title_full_unstemmed | Immobilization of Clostridium perfringens type D in calcium alginate beads: toxin production mimics free cell culture |
| title_short | Immobilization of Clostridium perfringens type D in calcium alginate beads: toxin production mimics free cell culture |
| title_sort | immobilization of clostridium perfringens type d in calcium alginate beads toxin production mimics free cell culture |
| topic | Clostridium perfringens; Cell-immobilization techniques; Encapsulation; Calcium alginate beads; Toxin production |
| url | https://ijm.tums.ac.ir/index.php/ijm/article/view/3047 |
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