Strongyloidiasis stercoralis coinfection is associated with altered iron status biomarkers in tuberculous lymphadenitis
Soil-transmitted helminth [mainly Strongyloidiasis stercoralis (Ss)] and tuberculous lymphadenitis (TBL) coinfection in humans is a significant public health problem. We have previously shown that TBL+Ss+ coinfection significantly alters diverse cytokine, matrix metalloproteinase, and tissue inhibit...
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Frontiers Media S.A.
2022-10-01
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| Series: | Frontiers in Immunology |
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| Online Access: | https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fimmu.2022.999614/full |
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| author | Gokul Raj Kathamuthu Gokul Raj Kathamuthu Anuradha Rajamanickam Rathinam Sridhar Dhanaraj Baskaran Subash Babu Subash Babu |
| author_facet | Gokul Raj Kathamuthu Gokul Raj Kathamuthu Anuradha Rajamanickam Rathinam Sridhar Dhanaraj Baskaran Subash Babu Subash Babu |
| author_sort | Gokul Raj Kathamuthu |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Soil-transmitted helminth [mainly Strongyloidiasis stercoralis (Ss)] and tuberculous lymphadenitis (TBL) coinfection in humans is a significant public health problem. We have previously shown that TBL+Ss+ coinfection significantly alters diverse cytokine, matrix metalloproteinase, and tissue inhibitors of metalloproteinase profiles. However, no data is available to understand the influence of Ss coinfection in TBL disease with respect to iron status biomarkers. Hence, we have studied the effect of Ss coinfection on the circulating levels of iron status (ferritin, transferrin [TF], apotransferrin [ApoT], hepcidin, hemopexin) biomarkers in TBL disease. Our results show that TBL+Ss+ and/or TBL+Ss- individuals are associated with significantly altered biochemical and hematological (red blood cell (RBC) counts, hemoglobin (Hb), hematocrit (HCT), mean corpuscular volume (MCV), mean corpuscular hemoglobin (MCH) were decreased, and platelets were increased) parameters compared to TBL-Ss+ individuals. Our results also show that TBL+Ss+ coinfection is associated with diminished circulating levels of ferritin, ApoT, hepcidin, and hemopexin compared to TBL+Ss- individuals. TBL+Ss+ and TBL+Ss- groups are associated with altered iron status biomarkers (decreased ferritin [TBL+Ss+ alone] and increased TF, ApoT, hepcidin and hemopexin [TBL+Ss- alone]) compared to TBL-Ss+ group. The heat map expression profile and principal component analysis (PCA) analysis of iron status biomarkers were significantly altered in TBL+Ss+ compared to TBL+Ss- and/or TBL-Ss+ individuals. A significant correlation (positive/negative) was obtained among the biochemical and hematological parameters (white blood cells (WBC)/ferritin, TF, and hepcidin, mean corpuscular hemoglobin concentration (MCHC)/ferritin and hemopexin) with iron status biomarkers. Finally, receiver operating characteristic (ROC) analysis revealed that hemopexin was significantly associated with greater specificity and sensitivity in discriminating TBL+Ss+ and TBL+Ss- coinfected individuals. Thus, our data conclude that Ss coinfection is associated with altered iron status biomarkers indicating that coinfection might alter the host-Mtb interface and could influence the disease pathogenesis. |
| first_indexed | 2024-04-11T18:55:04Z |
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| id | doaj.art-488bf0d42ddd46acb2c1a891eaebdfb6 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1664-3224 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-04-11T18:55:04Z |
| publishDate | 2022-10-01 |
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| series | Frontiers in Immunology |
| spelling | doaj.art-488bf0d42ddd46acb2c1a891eaebdfb62022-12-22T04:08:13ZengFrontiers Media S.A.Frontiers in Immunology1664-32242022-10-011310.3389/fimmu.2022.999614999614Strongyloidiasis stercoralis coinfection is associated with altered iron status biomarkers in tuberculous lymphadenitisGokul Raj Kathamuthu0Gokul Raj Kathamuthu1Anuradha Rajamanickam2Rathinam Sridhar3Dhanaraj Baskaran4Subash Babu5Subash Babu6National Institutes of Health-NIRT-International Center for Excellence in Research, Chennai, IndiaIndian Council of Medical Research-National Institute for Research in Tuberculosis (ICMR-NIRT), Chennai, IndiaNational Institutes of Health-NIRT-International Center for Excellence in Research, Chennai, IndiaGovernment Stanley Medical Hospital, Chennai, IndiaIndian Council of Medical Research-National Institute for Research in Tuberculosis (ICMR-NIRT), Chennai, IndiaNational Institutes of Health-NIRT-International Center for Excellence in Research, Chennai, IndiaLaboratory of Parasitic Diseases, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, United StatesSoil-transmitted helminth [mainly Strongyloidiasis stercoralis (Ss)] and tuberculous lymphadenitis (TBL) coinfection in humans is a significant public health problem. We have previously shown that TBL+Ss+ coinfection significantly alters diverse cytokine, matrix metalloproteinase, and tissue inhibitors of metalloproteinase profiles. However, no data is available to understand the influence of Ss coinfection in TBL disease with respect to iron status biomarkers. Hence, we have studied the effect of Ss coinfection on the circulating levels of iron status (ferritin, transferrin [TF], apotransferrin [ApoT], hepcidin, hemopexin) biomarkers in TBL disease. Our results show that TBL+Ss+ and/or TBL+Ss- individuals are associated with significantly altered biochemical and hematological (red blood cell (RBC) counts, hemoglobin (Hb), hematocrit (HCT), mean corpuscular volume (MCV), mean corpuscular hemoglobin (MCH) were decreased, and platelets were increased) parameters compared to TBL-Ss+ individuals. Our results also show that TBL+Ss+ coinfection is associated with diminished circulating levels of ferritin, ApoT, hepcidin, and hemopexin compared to TBL+Ss- individuals. TBL+Ss+ and TBL+Ss- groups are associated with altered iron status biomarkers (decreased ferritin [TBL+Ss+ alone] and increased TF, ApoT, hepcidin and hemopexin [TBL+Ss- alone]) compared to TBL-Ss+ group. The heat map expression profile and principal component analysis (PCA) analysis of iron status biomarkers were significantly altered in TBL+Ss+ compared to TBL+Ss- and/or TBL-Ss+ individuals. A significant correlation (positive/negative) was obtained among the biochemical and hematological parameters (white blood cells (WBC)/ferritin, TF, and hepcidin, mean corpuscular hemoglobin concentration (MCHC)/ferritin and hemopexin) with iron status biomarkers. Finally, receiver operating characteristic (ROC) analysis revealed that hemopexin was significantly associated with greater specificity and sensitivity in discriminating TBL+Ss+ and TBL+Ss- coinfected individuals. Thus, our data conclude that Ss coinfection is associated with altered iron status biomarkers indicating that coinfection might alter the host-Mtb interface and could influence the disease pathogenesis.https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fimmu.2022.999614/fulltblStrongyloides stercolarisiron status biomarkershematologyelisa |
| spellingShingle | Gokul Raj Kathamuthu Gokul Raj Kathamuthu Anuradha Rajamanickam Rathinam Sridhar Dhanaraj Baskaran Subash Babu Subash Babu Strongyloidiasis stercoralis coinfection is associated with altered iron status biomarkers in tuberculous lymphadenitis Frontiers in Immunology tbl Strongyloides stercolaris iron status biomarkers hematology elisa |
| title | Strongyloidiasis stercoralis coinfection is associated with altered iron status biomarkers in tuberculous lymphadenitis |
| title_full | Strongyloidiasis stercoralis coinfection is associated with altered iron status biomarkers in tuberculous lymphadenitis |
| title_fullStr | Strongyloidiasis stercoralis coinfection is associated with altered iron status biomarkers in tuberculous lymphadenitis |
| title_full_unstemmed | Strongyloidiasis stercoralis coinfection is associated with altered iron status biomarkers in tuberculous lymphadenitis |
| title_short | Strongyloidiasis stercoralis coinfection is associated with altered iron status biomarkers in tuberculous lymphadenitis |
| title_sort | strongyloidiasis stercoralis coinfection is associated with altered iron status biomarkers in tuberculous lymphadenitis |
| topic | tbl Strongyloides stercolaris iron status biomarkers hematology elisa |
| url | https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fimmu.2022.999614/full |
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