Upregulated Intrathecal Expression of VEGF-A and Long Lasting Global Upregulation of Proinflammatory Immune Mediators in Vaccine Breakthrough Tick-Borne Encephalitis

Upregulated Intrathecal Expression of VEGF-A and Long Lasting Global Upregulation of Proinflammatory Immune Mediators in Vaccine Breakthrough Tick-Borne Encephalitis

Although anti-TBE vaccines are highly effective, vaccine breakthrough (VBT) cases have been reported. With increasing evidence for immune system involvement in TBE pathogenesis, we characterized the immune mediators reflecting innate and adaptive T and B cell responses in neurological and convalesce...

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Bibliographic Details
Main Authors: Miša Pavletič, Misa Korva, Nataša Knap, Petra Bogovič, Lara Lusa, Klemen Strle, Mirijam Nahtigal Klevišar, Tomaž Vovko, Janez Tomažič, Stanka Lotrič-Furlan, Franc Strle, Tatjana Avšič-Županc
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: Frontiers Media S.A. 2021-07-01
Series:Frontiers in Cellular and Infection Microbiology
Subjects:
tick-borne encephalitis
vaccine breakthrough
cytokines
chemokines
proinflammatory response
VEGF
Online Access:https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fcimb.2021.696337/full

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