Diagnostic value of combined islet antigen‐reactive T cells and autoantibodies assays for type 1 diabetes mellitus
Abstract Aims/Introduction Type 1 diabetes mellitus is a T cell‐mediated autoimmune disease. However, the determination of the autoimmune status of type 1 diabetes mellitus relies on islet autoantibodies (Abs), as T‐cell assay is not routinely carried out. This study aimed to investigate the diagnos...
| Main Authors: | , , , , , , |
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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Wiley
2021-06-01
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| Series: | Journal of Diabetes Investigation |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | https://doi.org/10.1111/jdi.13440 |
| _version_ | 1818623301085298688 |
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| author | Wei Tang Huiying Liang Ying Cheng Jiao Yuan Gan Huang Zhiguang Zhou Lin Yang |
| author_facet | Wei Tang Huiying Liang Ying Cheng Jiao Yuan Gan Huang Zhiguang Zhou Lin Yang |
| author_sort | Wei Tang |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Abstract Aims/Introduction Type 1 diabetes mellitus is a T cell‐mediated autoimmune disease. However, the determination of the autoimmune status of type 1 diabetes mellitus relies on islet autoantibodies (Abs), as T‐cell assay is not routinely carried out. This study aimed to investigate the diagnostic value of combined assay of islet antigen‐specific T cells and Abs in type 1 diabetes mellitus patients. Materials and Methods A total of 54 patients with type 1 diabetes mellitus and 56 healthy controls were enrolled. Abs against glutamic acid decarboxylase (GAD), islet antigen‐2 and zinc transporter 8 were detected by radioligand assay. Interferon‐γ‐secreting T cells responding to glutamic acid decarboxylase 65 and C‐peptide (CP) were measured by enzyme‐linked immunospot. Results The positive rate for T‐cell responses was significantly higher in patients with type 1 diabetes mellitus than that in controls (P < 0.001). The combined positive rate of Abs and T‐cell assay was significantly higher than that of Abs assay alone (85.2% vs 64.8%, P = 0.015). A significant difference in fasting CP level was found between the T+ and T– groups (0.07 ± 0.05 vs 0.11 ± 0.09 nmol/L, P = 0.033). Furthermore, levels of fasting CP and postprandial CP were both lower in the Ab−T+ group than the Ab−T− group (fasting CP 0.06 ± 0.05 vs 0.16 ± 0.12 nmol/L, P = 0.041; postprandial CP 0.12 ± 0.13 vs 0.27 ± 0.12 nmol/L, P = 0.024). Conclusions Enzyme‐linked immunospot assays in combination with Abs detection could improve the diagnostic sensitivity of autoimmune diabetes. |
| first_indexed | 2024-12-16T18:38:53Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-48b6ed090ef544cfae2bea29a7030e2f |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2040-1116 2040-1124 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-12-16T18:38:53Z |
| publishDate | 2021-06-01 |
| publisher | Wiley |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Journal of Diabetes Investigation |
| spelling | doaj.art-48b6ed090ef544cfae2bea29a7030e2f2022-12-21T22:21:07ZengWileyJournal of Diabetes Investigation2040-11162040-11242021-06-0112696396910.1111/jdi.13440Diagnostic value of combined islet antigen‐reactive T cells and autoantibodies assays for type 1 diabetes mellitusWei Tang0Huiying Liang1Ying Cheng2Jiao Yuan3Gan Huang4Zhiguang Zhou5Lin Yang6National Clinical Research Center for Metabolic Diseases, Key Laboratory of Diabetes Immunology, Ministry of Education, and Department of Metabolism and Endocrinology, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University Changsha Hunan ChinaNational Clinical Research Center for Metabolic Diseases, Key Laboratory of Diabetes Immunology, Ministry of Education, and Department of Metabolism and Endocrinology, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University Changsha Hunan ChinaNational Clinical Research Center for Metabolic Diseases, Key Laboratory of Diabetes Immunology, Ministry of Education, and Department of Metabolism and Endocrinology, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University Changsha Hunan ChinaNational Clinical Research Center for Metabolic Diseases, Key Laboratory of Diabetes Immunology, Ministry of Education, and Department of Metabolism and Endocrinology, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University Changsha Hunan ChinaNational Clinical Research Center for Metabolic Diseases, Key Laboratory of Diabetes Immunology, Ministry of Education, and Department of Metabolism and Endocrinology, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University Changsha Hunan ChinaNational Clinical Research Center for Metabolic Diseases, Key Laboratory of Diabetes Immunology, Ministry of Education, and Department of Metabolism and Endocrinology, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University Changsha Hunan ChinaNational Clinical Research Center for Metabolic Diseases, Key Laboratory of Diabetes Immunology, Ministry of Education, and Department of Metabolism and Endocrinology, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University Changsha Hunan ChinaAbstract Aims/Introduction Type 1 diabetes mellitus is a T cell‐mediated autoimmune disease. However, the determination of the autoimmune status of type 1 diabetes mellitus relies on islet autoantibodies (Abs), as T‐cell assay is not routinely carried out. This study aimed to investigate the diagnostic value of combined assay of islet antigen‐specific T cells and Abs in type 1 diabetes mellitus patients. Materials and Methods A total of 54 patients with type 1 diabetes mellitus and 56 healthy controls were enrolled. Abs against glutamic acid decarboxylase (GAD), islet antigen‐2 and zinc transporter 8 were detected by radioligand assay. Interferon‐γ‐secreting T cells responding to glutamic acid decarboxylase 65 and C‐peptide (CP) were measured by enzyme‐linked immunospot. Results The positive rate for T‐cell responses was significantly higher in patients with type 1 diabetes mellitus than that in controls (P < 0.001). The combined positive rate of Abs and T‐cell assay was significantly higher than that of Abs assay alone (85.2% vs 64.8%, P = 0.015). A significant difference in fasting CP level was found between the T+ and T– groups (0.07 ± 0.05 vs 0.11 ± 0.09 nmol/L, P = 0.033). Furthermore, levels of fasting CP and postprandial CP were both lower in the Ab−T+ group than the Ab−T− group (fasting CP 0.06 ± 0.05 vs 0.16 ± 0.12 nmol/L, P = 0.041; postprandial CP 0.12 ± 0.13 vs 0.27 ± 0.12 nmol/L, P = 0.024). Conclusions Enzyme‐linked immunospot assays in combination with Abs detection could improve the diagnostic sensitivity of autoimmune diabetes.https://doi.org/10.1111/jdi.13440AutoantibodiesEnzyme‐linked immunospot assayType 1 diabetes mellitus |
| spellingShingle | Wei Tang Huiying Liang Ying Cheng Jiao Yuan Gan Huang Zhiguang Zhou Lin Yang Diagnostic value of combined islet antigen‐reactive T cells and autoantibodies assays for type 1 diabetes mellitus Journal of Diabetes Investigation Autoantibodies Enzyme‐linked immunospot assay Type 1 diabetes mellitus |
| title | Diagnostic value of combined islet antigen‐reactive T cells and autoantibodies assays for type 1 diabetes mellitus |
| title_full | Diagnostic value of combined islet antigen‐reactive T cells and autoantibodies assays for type 1 diabetes mellitus |
| title_fullStr | Diagnostic value of combined islet antigen‐reactive T cells and autoantibodies assays for type 1 diabetes mellitus |
| title_full_unstemmed | Diagnostic value of combined islet antigen‐reactive T cells and autoantibodies assays for type 1 diabetes mellitus |
| title_short | Diagnostic value of combined islet antigen‐reactive T cells and autoantibodies assays for type 1 diabetes mellitus |
| title_sort | diagnostic value of combined islet antigen reactive t cells and autoantibodies assays for type 1 diabetes mellitus |
| topic | Autoantibodies Enzyme‐linked immunospot assay Type 1 diabetes mellitus |
| url | https://doi.org/10.1111/jdi.13440 |
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