Expression profile of HERVs and inflammatory mediators detected in nasal mucosa as a predictive biomarker of COVID-19 severity
IntroductionOur research group and others demonstrated the implication of the human endogenous retroviruses (HERVs) in SARS-CoV-2 infection and their association with disease progression, suggesting HERVs as contributing factors in COVID-19 immunopathology. To identify early predictive biomarkers of...
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Frontiers Media S.A.
2023-05-01
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| Series: | Frontiers in Microbiology |
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| Online Access: | https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fmicb.2023.1155624/full |
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| author | Vita Petrone Marialaura Fanelli Martina Giudice Nicola Toschi Nicola Toschi Allegra Conti Christian Maracchioni Marco Iannetta Claudia Resta Chiara Cipriani Martino Tony Miele Francesca Amati Massimo Andreoni Loredana Sarmati Paola Rogliani Giuseppe Novelli Giuseppe Novelli Giuseppe Novelli Enrico Garaci Guido Rasi Paola Sinibaldi-Vallebona Paola Sinibaldi-Vallebona Antonella Minutolo Claudia Matteucci Emanuela Balestrieri Sandro Grelli Sandro Grelli |
| author_facet | Vita Petrone Marialaura Fanelli Martina Giudice Nicola Toschi Nicola Toschi Allegra Conti Christian Maracchioni Marco Iannetta Claudia Resta Chiara Cipriani Martino Tony Miele Francesca Amati Massimo Andreoni Loredana Sarmati Paola Rogliani Giuseppe Novelli Giuseppe Novelli Giuseppe Novelli Enrico Garaci Guido Rasi Paola Sinibaldi-Vallebona Paola Sinibaldi-Vallebona Antonella Minutolo Claudia Matteucci Emanuela Balestrieri Sandro Grelli Sandro Grelli |
| author_sort | Vita Petrone |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | IntroductionOur research group and others demonstrated the implication of the human endogenous retroviruses (HERVs) in SARS-CoV-2 infection and their association with disease progression, suggesting HERVs as contributing factors in COVID-19 immunopathology. To identify early predictive biomarkers of the COVID-19 severity, we analyzed the expression of HERVs and inflammatory mediators in SARS-CoV-2-positive and -negative nasopharyngeal/oropharyngeal swabs with respect to biochemical parameters and clinical outcome.MethodsResiduals of swab samples (20 SARS-CoV-2-negative and 43 SARS-CoV-2-positive) were collected during the first wave of the pandemic and expression levels of HERVs and inflammatory mediators were analyzed by qRT-Real time PCR.ResultsThe results obtained show that infection with SARS-CoV-2 resulted in a general increase in the expression of HERVs and mediators of the immune response. In particular, SARS-CoV-2 infection is associated with increased expression of HERV-K and HERV-W, IL-1β, IL-6, IL-17, TNF-α, MCP-1, INF-γ, TLR-3, and TLR-7, while lower levels of IL-10, IFN-α, IFN-β, and TLR-4 were found in individuals who underwent hospitalization. Moreover, higher expression of HERV-W, IL-1β, IL-6, IFN-α, and IFN-β reflected the respiratory outcome of patients during hospitalization. Interestingly, a machine learning model was able to classify hospitalized vs not hospitalized patients with good accuracy based on the expression levels of HERV-K, HERV-W, IL-6, TNF-a, TLR-3, TLR-7, and the N gene of SARS-CoV-2. These latest biomarkers also correlated with parameters of coagulation and inflammation.DiscussionOverall, the present results suggest HERVs as contributing elements in COVID-19 and early genomic biomarkers to predict COVID-19 severity and disease outcome. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-13T10:09:24Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-48d27bb09a824551806ea8541eaf86da |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1664-302X |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-13T10:09:24Z |
| publishDate | 2023-05-01 |
| publisher | Frontiers Media S.A. |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Frontiers in Microbiology |
| spelling | doaj.art-48d27bb09a824551806ea8541eaf86da2023-05-22T04:49:59ZengFrontiers Media S.A.Frontiers in Microbiology1664-302X2023-05-011410.3389/fmicb.2023.11556241155624Expression profile of HERVs and inflammatory mediators detected in nasal mucosa as a predictive biomarker of COVID-19 severityVita Petrone0Marialaura Fanelli1Martina Giudice2Nicola Toschi3Nicola Toschi4Allegra Conti5Christian Maracchioni6Marco Iannetta7Claudia Resta8Chiara Cipriani9Martino Tony Miele10Francesca Amati11Massimo Andreoni12Loredana Sarmati13Paola Rogliani14Giuseppe Novelli15Giuseppe Novelli16Giuseppe Novelli17Enrico Garaci18Guido Rasi19Paola Sinibaldi-Vallebona20Paola Sinibaldi-Vallebona21Antonella Minutolo22Claudia Matteucci23Emanuela Balestrieri24Sandro Grelli25Sandro Grelli26Department of Experimental Medicine, University of Rome Tor Vergata, Rome, ItalyDepartment of Experimental Medicine, University of Rome Tor Vergata, Rome, ItalyDepartment of Experimental Medicine, University of Rome Tor Vergata, Rome, ItalyDepartment of Biomedicine and Prevention, University of Rome Tor Vergata, Rome, ItalyMartinos Center for Biomedical Imaging and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United StatesDepartment of Biomedicine and Prevention, University of Rome Tor Vergata, Rome, ItalyDepartment of Experimental Medicine, University of Rome Tor Vergata, Rome, ItalyDepartment of Systems Medicine, University of Rome Tor Vergata, Rome, ItalyRespiratory Medicine Unit, Policlinic of Tor Vergata, Rome, ItalyDepartment of Experimental Medicine, University of Rome Tor Vergata, Rome, ItalyDepartment of Experimental Medicine, University of Rome Tor Vergata, Rome, ItalyDepartment of Biomedicine and Prevention, University of Rome Tor Vergata, Rome, ItalyDepartment of Systems Medicine, University of Rome Tor Vergata, Rome, ItalyDepartment of Systems Medicine, University of Rome Tor Vergata, Rome, ItalyRespiratory Medicine Unit, Policlinic of Tor Vergata, Rome, ItalyDepartment of Biomedicine and Prevention, University of Rome Tor Vergata, Rome, ItalyNeuromed IRCCS Institute, Pozzilli, IS, ItalyUniversity of Nevada, Department of Pharmacology, Reno, NV, United StatesIRCCS San Raffaele Pisana, Rome, ItalyDepartment of Experimental Medicine, University of Rome Tor Vergata, Rome, ItalyDepartment of Experimental Medicine, University of Rome Tor Vergata, Rome, ItalyNational Research Council, Institute of Translational Pharmacology, Rome, ItalyDepartment of Experimental Medicine, University of Rome Tor Vergata, Rome, ItalyDepartment of Experimental Medicine, University of Rome Tor Vergata, Rome, ItalyDepartment of Experimental Medicine, University of Rome Tor Vergata, Rome, ItalyDepartment of Experimental Medicine, University of Rome Tor Vergata, Rome, Italy0Virology Unit, Policlinic of Tor Vergata, Rome, ItalyIntroductionOur research group and others demonstrated the implication of the human endogenous retroviruses (HERVs) in SARS-CoV-2 infection and their association with disease progression, suggesting HERVs as contributing factors in COVID-19 immunopathology. To identify early predictive biomarkers of the COVID-19 severity, we analyzed the expression of HERVs and inflammatory mediators in SARS-CoV-2-positive and -negative nasopharyngeal/oropharyngeal swabs with respect to biochemical parameters and clinical outcome.MethodsResiduals of swab samples (20 SARS-CoV-2-negative and 43 SARS-CoV-2-positive) were collected during the first wave of the pandemic and expression levels of HERVs and inflammatory mediators were analyzed by qRT-Real time PCR.ResultsThe results obtained show that infection with SARS-CoV-2 resulted in a general increase in the expression of HERVs and mediators of the immune response. In particular, SARS-CoV-2 infection is associated with increased expression of HERV-K and HERV-W, IL-1β, IL-6, IL-17, TNF-α, MCP-1, INF-γ, TLR-3, and TLR-7, while lower levels of IL-10, IFN-α, IFN-β, and TLR-4 were found in individuals who underwent hospitalization. Moreover, higher expression of HERV-W, IL-1β, IL-6, IFN-α, and IFN-β reflected the respiratory outcome of patients during hospitalization. Interestingly, a machine learning model was able to classify hospitalized vs not hospitalized patients with good accuracy based on the expression levels of HERV-K, HERV-W, IL-6, TNF-a, TLR-3, TLR-7, and the N gene of SARS-CoV-2. These latest biomarkers also correlated with parameters of coagulation and inflammation.DiscussionOverall, the present results suggest HERVs as contributing elements in COVID-19 and early genomic biomarkers to predict COVID-19 severity and disease outcome.https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fmicb.2023.1155624/fullhuman endogenous retrovirusesHERVbiomarkerrespiratory outcomeinflammationCOVID-19 |
| spellingShingle | Vita Petrone Marialaura Fanelli Martina Giudice Nicola Toschi Nicola Toschi Allegra Conti Christian Maracchioni Marco Iannetta Claudia Resta Chiara Cipriani Martino Tony Miele Francesca Amati Massimo Andreoni Loredana Sarmati Paola Rogliani Giuseppe Novelli Giuseppe Novelli Giuseppe Novelli Enrico Garaci Guido Rasi Paola Sinibaldi-Vallebona Paola Sinibaldi-Vallebona Antonella Minutolo Claudia Matteucci Emanuela Balestrieri Sandro Grelli Sandro Grelli Expression profile of HERVs and inflammatory mediators detected in nasal mucosa as a predictive biomarker of COVID-19 severity Frontiers in Microbiology human endogenous retroviruses HERV biomarker respiratory outcome inflammation COVID-19 |
| title | Expression profile of HERVs and inflammatory mediators detected in nasal mucosa as a predictive biomarker of COVID-19 severity |
| title_full | Expression profile of HERVs and inflammatory mediators detected in nasal mucosa as a predictive biomarker of COVID-19 severity |
| title_fullStr | Expression profile of HERVs and inflammatory mediators detected in nasal mucosa as a predictive biomarker of COVID-19 severity |
| title_full_unstemmed | Expression profile of HERVs and inflammatory mediators detected in nasal mucosa as a predictive biomarker of COVID-19 severity |
| title_short | Expression profile of HERVs and inflammatory mediators detected in nasal mucosa as a predictive biomarker of COVID-19 severity |
| title_sort | expression profile of hervs and inflammatory mediators detected in nasal mucosa as a predictive biomarker of covid 19 severity |
| topic | human endogenous retroviruses HERV biomarker respiratory outcome inflammation COVID-19 |
| url | https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fmicb.2023.1155624/full |
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