Seasonal variations of tidal currents in the deep Timor Passage
Exact knowledge on the seasonal variations of main tidal constituents is beneficial for improving tidal prediction. The semi-annual cycles in K1 and S2 tides are abnormally exaggerated by astronomical P1 and K2 tides, which interferes with our understanding on tidal seasonality. The widely-used tida...
| Main Authors: | , , , , |
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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Frontiers Media S.A.
2023-02-01
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| Series: | Frontiers in Marine Science |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fmars.2023.1135911/full |
| _version_ | 1797905038615511040 |
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| author | Haidong Pan Haidong Pan Haidong Pan Haidong Pan Junchuan Sun Junchuan Sun Junchuan Sun Junchuan Sun Tengfei Xu Tengfei Xu Tengfei Xu Tengfei Xu Fei Teng Fei Teng Fei Teng Fei Teng Zexun Wei Zexun Wei Zexun Wei Zexun Wei |
| author_facet | Haidong Pan Haidong Pan Haidong Pan Haidong Pan Junchuan Sun Junchuan Sun Junchuan Sun Junchuan Sun Tengfei Xu Tengfei Xu Tengfei Xu Tengfei Xu Fei Teng Fei Teng Fei Teng Fei Teng Zexun Wei Zexun Wei Zexun Wei Zexun Wei |
| author_sort | Haidong Pan |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Exact knowledge on the seasonal variations of main tidal constituents is beneficial for improving tidal prediction. The semi-annual cycles in K1 and S2 tides are abnormally exaggerated by astronomical P1 and K2 tides, which interferes with our understanding on tidal seasonality. The widely-used tidal inference method in previous studies cannot fully separate astronomical P1 and K2 tides from seasonal P1 and K2 tides due to inaccurate inference relationship. In this study, on the basis of the ‘credo of smoothness’ which indicates that tidal admittances are smooth functions of tidal frequencies, we develop a novel but simple method to address this intractable issue and applied this method to explore the seasonality of tidal currents observed in the deep Timor Passage at the depth of 1800m. We find that the timing and range of seasonal modulations of M2, S2, K1, and O1 tides are distinct. Annual variations in tidal currents are much stronger than semi-annual variations in tidal currents. The annual and semi-annual ranges of M2 tide can reach 2.69 cm/s and 1.51 cm/s, which are largest among main constituents. Although the annual range of K1 tide is only 1.85 cm/s, considering the relatively small amplitude of time-averaged K1 tide (2.87cm/s), K1 the most affected tide by the annual cycle. The seasonal cycles of semi-diurnal tides (M2 and S2) are basically synchronous while those of diurnal tides (K1 and O1) are generally out-of-phase. As a general method, the proposed method can be widely applied to other sea areas to explore local tidal seasonality. |
| first_indexed | 2024-04-10T09:58:43Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-48d7615bbb654f3b93ef85fddaedcbe4 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2296-7745 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-04-10T09:58:43Z |
| publishDate | 2023-02-01 |
| publisher | Frontiers Media S.A. |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Frontiers in Marine Science |
| spelling | doaj.art-48d7615bbb654f3b93ef85fddaedcbe42023-02-16T11:27:12ZengFrontiers Media S.A.Frontiers in Marine Science2296-77452023-02-011010.3389/fmars.2023.11359111135911Seasonal variations of tidal currents in the deep Timor PassageHaidong Pan0Haidong Pan1Haidong Pan2Haidong Pan3Junchuan Sun4Junchuan Sun5Junchuan Sun6Junchuan Sun7Tengfei Xu8Tengfei Xu9Tengfei Xu10Tengfei Xu11Fei Teng12Fei Teng13Fei Teng14Fei Teng15Zexun Wei16Zexun Wei17Zexun Wei18Zexun Wei19Key Laboratory of Marine Science and Numerical Modeling, First Institute of Oceanography, Ministry of Natural Resources, Qingdao, ChinaLaboratory for Regional Oceanography and Numerical Modeling, Qingdao, ChinaPilot National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao, ChinaShandong Key Laboratory of Marine Science and Numerical Modeling, Qingdao, ChinaKey Laboratory of Marine Science and Numerical Modeling, First Institute of Oceanography, Ministry of Natural Resources, Qingdao, ChinaLaboratory for Regional Oceanography and Numerical Modeling, Qingdao, ChinaPilot National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao, ChinaShandong Key Laboratory of Marine Science and Numerical Modeling, Qingdao, ChinaKey Laboratory of Marine Science and Numerical Modeling, First Institute of Oceanography, Ministry of Natural Resources, Qingdao, ChinaLaboratory for Regional Oceanography and Numerical Modeling, Qingdao, ChinaPilot National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao, ChinaShandong Key Laboratory of Marine Science and Numerical Modeling, Qingdao, ChinaKey Laboratory of Marine Science and Numerical Modeling, First Institute of Oceanography, Ministry of Natural Resources, Qingdao, ChinaLaboratory for Regional Oceanography and Numerical Modeling, Qingdao, ChinaPilot National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao, ChinaShandong Key Laboratory of Marine Science and Numerical Modeling, Qingdao, ChinaKey Laboratory of Marine Science and Numerical Modeling, First Institute of Oceanography, Ministry of Natural Resources, Qingdao, ChinaLaboratory for Regional Oceanography and Numerical Modeling, Qingdao, ChinaPilot National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao, ChinaShandong Key Laboratory of Marine Science and Numerical Modeling, Qingdao, ChinaExact knowledge on the seasonal variations of main tidal constituents is beneficial for improving tidal prediction. The semi-annual cycles in K1 and S2 tides are abnormally exaggerated by astronomical P1 and K2 tides, which interferes with our understanding on tidal seasonality. The widely-used tidal inference method in previous studies cannot fully separate astronomical P1 and K2 tides from seasonal P1 and K2 tides due to inaccurate inference relationship. In this study, on the basis of the ‘credo of smoothness’ which indicates that tidal admittances are smooth functions of tidal frequencies, we develop a novel but simple method to address this intractable issue and applied this method to explore the seasonality of tidal currents observed in the deep Timor Passage at the depth of 1800m. We find that the timing and range of seasonal modulations of M2, S2, K1, and O1 tides are distinct. Annual variations in tidal currents are much stronger than semi-annual variations in tidal currents. The annual and semi-annual ranges of M2 tide can reach 2.69 cm/s and 1.51 cm/s, which are largest among main constituents. Although the annual range of K1 tide is only 1.85 cm/s, considering the relatively small amplitude of time-averaged K1 tide (2.87cm/s), K1 the most affected tide by the annual cycle. The seasonal cycles of semi-diurnal tides (M2 and S2) are basically synchronous while those of diurnal tides (K1 and O1) are generally out-of-phase. As a general method, the proposed method can be widely applied to other sea areas to explore local tidal seasonality.https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fmars.2023.1135911/fullocean tidestidal currentsharmonic analysisseasonal modulationdeep ocean |
| spellingShingle | Haidong Pan Haidong Pan Haidong Pan Haidong Pan Junchuan Sun Junchuan Sun Junchuan Sun Junchuan Sun Tengfei Xu Tengfei Xu Tengfei Xu Tengfei Xu Fei Teng Fei Teng Fei Teng Fei Teng Zexun Wei Zexun Wei Zexun Wei Zexun Wei Seasonal variations of tidal currents in the deep Timor Passage Frontiers in Marine Science ocean tides tidal currents harmonic analysis seasonal modulation deep ocean |
| title | Seasonal variations of tidal currents in the deep Timor Passage |
| title_full | Seasonal variations of tidal currents in the deep Timor Passage |
| title_fullStr | Seasonal variations of tidal currents in the deep Timor Passage |
| title_full_unstemmed | Seasonal variations of tidal currents in the deep Timor Passage |
| title_short | Seasonal variations of tidal currents in the deep Timor Passage |
| title_sort | seasonal variations of tidal currents in the deep timor passage |
| topic | ocean tides tidal currents harmonic analysis seasonal modulation deep ocean |
| url | https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fmars.2023.1135911/full |
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