An Expanded View on the Morphological Diversity of Long-Nosed Antlion Larvae Further Supports a Decline of Silky Lacewings in the Past 100 Million Years
Lacewings have been suggested to be a relict group. This means that the group of lacewings, Neuroptera, should have been more diverse in the past, which also applies to many ingroups of Neuroptera. Psychopsidae, the group of silky lacewings, is one of the ingroups of Neuroptera which is relatively s...
| 主要な著者: | , , , , |
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| フォーマット: | 論文 |
| 言語: | English |
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MDPI AG
2023-02-01
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| シリーズ: | Insects |
| 主題: | |
| オンライン･アクセス: | https://www.mdpi.com/2075-4450/14/2/170 |
| _version_ | 1827757075525009408 |
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| author | Colin Hassenbach Laura Buchner Gideon T. Haug Carolin Haug Joachim T. Haug |
| author_facet | Colin Hassenbach Laura Buchner Gideon T. Haug Carolin Haug Joachim T. Haug |
| author_sort | Colin Hassenbach |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Lacewings have been suggested to be a relict group. This means that the group of lacewings, Neuroptera, should have been more diverse in the past, which also applies to many ingroups of Neuroptera. Psychopsidae, the group of silky lacewings, is one of the ingroups of Neuroptera which is relatively species-poor in the modern fauna. Larvae of the group Psychopsidae, long-nosed antlions, can be easily identified as such in being larvae of antlion-like lacewings without teeth in their stylets (=compound structure of mandible and maxilla), with empodia (=attachment structures on legs) and with a prominent forward-protruding labrum. Therefore, such larvae can also be recognised in the fossil record. An earlier study demonstrated a decline in the morphological diversity of long-nosed antlion larvae over the past 100 million years. Here, we report several dozen new long-nosed antlion larvae and expand the earlier quantitative study. Our results further corroborate the decline of silky lacewings. Yet, a lack of an indication of saturation indicates that we have still not approached the original diversity of long-nosed antlions in the Cretaceous. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-11T08:39:32Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-48db109d0f6f41a282e253262ebf4f3c |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2075-4450 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-11T08:39:32Z |
| publishDate | 2023-02-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Insects |
| spelling | doaj.art-48db109d0f6f41a282e253262ebf4f3c2023-11-16T21:14:51ZengMDPI AGInsects2075-44502023-02-0114217010.3390/insects14020170An Expanded View on the Morphological Diversity of Long-Nosed Antlion Larvae Further Supports a Decline of Silky Lacewings in the Past 100 Million YearsColin Hassenbach0Laura Buchner1Gideon T. Haug2Carolin Haug3Joachim T. Haug4Faculty of Biology, Biocenter, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München (LMU Munich), Großhaderner Str. 2, 82152 Planegg-Martinsried, GermanyFaculty of Biology, Biocenter, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München (LMU Munich), Großhaderner Str. 2, 82152 Planegg-Martinsried, GermanyFaculty of Biology, Biocenter, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München (LMU Munich), Großhaderner Str. 2, 82152 Planegg-Martinsried, GermanyFaculty of Biology, Biocenter, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München (LMU Munich), Großhaderner Str. 2, 82152 Planegg-Martinsried, GermanyFaculty of Biology, Biocenter, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München (LMU Munich), Großhaderner Str. 2, 82152 Planegg-Martinsried, GermanyLacewings have been suggested to be a relict group. This means that the group of lacewings, Neuroptera, should have been more diverse in the past, which also applies to many ingroups of Neuroptera. Psychopsidae, the group of silky lacewings, is one of the ingroups of Neuroptera which is relatively species-poor in the modern fauna. Larvae of the group Psychopsidae, long-nosed antlions, can be easily identified as such in being larvae of antlion-like lacewings without teeth in their stylets (=compound structure of mandible and maxilla), with empodia (=attachment structures on legs) and with a prominent forward-protruding labrum. Therefore, such larvae can also be recognised in the fossil record. An earlier study demonstrated a decline in the morphological diversity of long-nosed antlion larvae over the past 100 million years. Here, we report several dozen new long-nosed antlion larvae and expand the earlier quantitative study. Our results further corroborate the decline of silky lacewings. Yet, a lack of an indication of saturation indicates that we have still not approached the original diversity of long-nosed antlions in the Cretaceous.https://www.mdpi.com/2075-4450/14/2/170PsychopsidaeNeuropteraMyanmar amberBurmese amberCretaceousquantitative morphology |
| spellingShingle | Colin Hassenbach Laura Buchner Gideon T. Haug Carolin Haug Joachim T. Haug An Expanded View on the Morphological Diversity of Long-Nosed Antlion Larvae Further Supports a Decline of Silky Lacewings in the Past 100 Million Years Insects Psychopsidae Neuroptera Myanmar amber Burmese amber Cretaceous quantitative morphology |
| title | An Expanded View on the Morphological Diversity of Long-Nosed Antlion Larvae Further Supports a Decline of Silky Lacewings in the Past 100 Million Years |
| title_full | An Expanded View on the Morphological Diversity of Long-Nosed Antlion Larvae Further Supports a Decline of Silky Lacewings in the Past 100 Million Years |
| title_fullStr | An Expanded View on the Morphological Diversity of Long-Nosed Antlion Larvae Further Supports a Decline of Silky Lacewings in the Past 100 Million Years |
| title_full_unstemmed | An Expanded View on the Morphological Diversity of Long-Nosed Antlion Larvae Further Supports a Decline of Silky Lacewings in the Past 100 Million Years |
| title_short | An Expanded View on the Morphological Diversity of Long-Nosed Antlion Larvae Further Supports a Decline of Silky Lacewings in the Past 100 Million Years |
| title_sort | expanded view on the morphological diversity of long nosed antlion larvae further supports a decline of silky lacewings in the past 100 million years |
| topic | Psychopsidae Neuroptera Myanmar amber Burmese amber Cretaceous quantitative morphology |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2075-4450/14/2/170 |
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