Effect of Increased Powder–Binder Adhesion by Backbone Grafting on the Properties of Feedstocks for Ceramic Injection Molding
The good interaction between the ceramic powder and the binder system is vital for ceramic injection molding and prevents the phase separation during processing. Due to the non-polar structure of polyolefins such as high-density polyethylene (HDPE) and the polar surface of ceramics such as zirconia,...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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MDPI AG
2022-09-01
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| Series: | Polymers |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4360/14/17/3653 |
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| author | Laleh Ghasemi-Mobarakeh Santiago Cano Vahid Momeni Dongyan Liu Ivica Duretek Gisbert Riess Christian Kukla Clemens Holzer |
| author_facet | Laleh Ghasemi-Mobarakeh Santiago Cano Vahid Momeni Dongyan Liu Ivica Duretek Gisbert Riess Christian Kukla Clemens Holzer |
| author_sort | Laleh Ghasemi-Mobarakeh |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | The good interaction between the ceramic powder and the binder system is vital for ceramic injection molding and prevents the phase separation during processing. Due to the non-polar structure of polyolefins such as high-density polyethylene (HDPE) and the polar surface of ceramics such as zirconia, there is not appropriate adhesion between them. In this study, the effect of adding high-density polyethylene grafted with acrylic acid (AAHDPE), with high polarity and strong adhesion to the powder, on the rheological, thermal and chemical properties of polymer composites highly filled with zirconia and feedstocks was evaluated. To gain a deeper understanding of the effect of each component, formulations containing different amounts of HDPE and or AAHDPE, zirconia and paraffin wax (PW) were prepared. Attenuated total reflection spectroscopy (ATR), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) and rotational and capillary rheology were used for the characterization of the different formulations. The ATR analysis revealed the formation of hydrogen bonds between the hydroxyl groups on the zirconia surface and AAHDPE. The improved powder-binder adhesion in the formulations with more AAHDPE resulted in a better powder dispersion and homogeneous mixtures, as observed by SEM. DSC results revealed that the addition of AAHDPE, PW and zirconia effect the melting and crystallization temperature and crystallinity of the binder, the polymer-filled system and feedstocks. The better powder--binder adhesion and powder dispersion effectively decreased the viscosity of the highly filled polymer composites and feedstocks with AAHDPE; this showed the potential of grafted polymers as binders for ceramic injection molding. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-10T01:20:50Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-48e1849f05954f45bb26afe62cca651d |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2073-4360 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-10T01:20:50Z |
| publishDate | 2022-09-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Polymers |
| spelling | doaj.art-48e1849f05954f45bb26afe62cca651d2023-11-23T14:00:31ZengMDPI AGPolymers2073-43602022-09-011417365310.3390/polym14173653Effect of Increased Powder–Binder Adhesion by Backbone Grafting on the Properties of Feedstocks for Ceramic Injection MoldingLaleh Ghasemi-Mobarakeh0Santiago Cano1Vahid Momeni2Dongyan Liu3Ivica Duretek4Gisbert Riess5Christian Kukla6Clemens Holzer7Department of Textile Engineering, Isfahan University of Technology, Isfahan 84156-83111, IranPolymer Processing, Montanuniversitaet Leoben, 8700 Leoben, AustriaPolymer Processing, Montanuniversitaet Leoben, 8700 Leoben, AustriaInstitute of Metal Research (IMR), Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenyang 110016, ChinaPolymer Processing, Montanuniversitaet Leoben, 8700 Leoben, AustriaChemistry of Polymeric Materials, Montanuniversitaet Leoben, 8700 Leoben, AustriaIndustrial Liaison Department, Montanuniversitaet Leoben, 8700 Leoben, AustriaPolymer Processing, Montanuniversitaet Leoben, 8700 Leoben, AustriaThe good interaction between the ceramic powder and the binder system is vital for ceramic injection molding and prevents the phase separation during processing. Due to the non-polar structure of polyolefins such as high-density polyethylene (HDPE) and the polar surface of ceramics such as zirconia, there is not appropriate adhesion between them. In this study, the effect of adding high-density polyethylene grafted with acrylic acid (AAHDPE), with high polarity and strong adhesion to the powder, on the rheological, thermal and chemical properties of polymer composites highly filled with zirconia and feedstocks was evaluated. To gain a deeper understanding of the effect of each component, formulations containing different amounts of HDPE and or AAHDPE, zirconia and paraffin wax (PW) were prepared. Attenuated total reflection spectroscopy (ATR), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) and rotational and capillary rheology were used for the characterization of the different formulations. The ATR analysis revealed the formation of hydrogen bonds between the hydroxyl groups on the zirconia surface and AAHDPE. The improved powder-binder adhesion in the formulations with more AAHDPE resulted in a better powder dispersion and homogeneous mixtures, as observed by SEM. DSC results revealed that the addition of AAHDPE, PW and zirconia effect the melting and crystallization temperature and crystallinity of the binder, the polymer-filled system and feedstocks. The better powder--binder adhesion and powder dispersion effectively decreased the viscosity of the highly filled polymer composites and feedstocks with AAHDPE; this showed the potential of grafted polymers as binders for ceramic injection molding.https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4360/14/17/3653ceramic injection moldingfeedstockacrylic acid grafted high density polyethyleneparaffin waxhigh density polyethylenebinder |
| spellingShingle | Laleh Ghasemi-Mobarakeh Santiago Cano Vahid Momeni Dongyan Liu Ivica Duretek Gisbert Riess Christian Kukla Clemens Holzer Effect of Increased Powder–Binder Adhesion by Backbone Grafting on the Properties of Feedstocks for Ceramic Injection Molding Polymers ceramic injection molding feedstock acrylic acid grafted high density polyethylene paraffin wax high density polyethylene binder |
| title | Effect of Increased Powder–Binder Adhesion by Backbone Grafting on the Properties of Feedstocks for Ceramic Injection Molding |
| title_full | Effect of Increased Powder–Binder Adhesion by Backbone Grafting on the Properties of Feedstocks for Ceramic Injection Molding |
| title_fullStr | Effect of Increased Powder–Binder Adhesion by Backbone Grafting on the Properties of Feedstocks for Ceramic Injection Molding |
| title_full_unstemmed | Effect of Increased Powder–Binder Adhesion by Backbone Grafting on the Properties of Feedstocks for Ceramic Injection Molding |
| title_short | Effect of Increased Powder–Binder Adhesion by Backbone Grafting on the Properties of Feedstocks for Ceramic Injection Molding |
| title_sort | effect of increased powder binder adhesion by backbone grafting on the properties of feedstocks for ceramic injection molding |
| topic | ceramic injection molding feedstock acrylic acid grafted high density polyethylene paraffin wax high density polyethylene binder |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4360/14/17/3653 |
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