| Summary: | From a critical point of view, the «count of the original text» is the most complex, risky and fundamental task amongst the many usually undertaken in the traditional book hand-making process. The best way to understand the real complexity of such practice from a solid and grounded philological perspective is to make on-the-spot assessments. This sort of assessment is best made by literally comparing the original text rendered to the typesetter before printing and the first printed text to come out from the traditional printing press, i.e. the editio princeps. In this study, the book chosen for such a contrastive analysis, Vida política de todos los estados de mujeres, has been so because both its original and its editio princeps are well preserved, thus offering a great amount of data regarding the typesetting procedures and practices as well as the typographical arrangement challenges involved in the hand-making of books in the Golden Age. The comparison of these two documents will also allow us to know how the «count of the original text» can distort the original text from its corresponding printed text.
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