The Key Role of Hepcidin-25 in Anemia in Multiple Myeloma Patients with Renal Impairment
<i>Background and objectives:</i> Anemia is common in multiple myeloma (MM) and is caused by a complex pathomechanism, including impaired iron homeostasis. Our aim is to evaluate the biomarkers of iron turnover: serum soluble transferrin receptor (sTfR) and hepcidin-25 in patients at var...
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| Format: | Article |
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MDPI AG
2022-03-01
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/1648-9144/58/3/417 |
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| author | Małgorzata Banaszkiewicz Jolanta Małyszko Krzysztof Batko Ewa Koc-Żórawska Marcin Żórawski Paulina Dumnicka Artur Jurczyszyn Karolina Woziwodzka Aleksandra Maleszka Marcin Krzanowski Andrzej Kraśniak Ryszard Drożdż Katarzyna Krzanowska |
| author_facet | Małgorzata Banaszkiewicz Jolanta Małyszko Krzysztof Batko Ewa Koc-Żórawska Marcin Żórawski Paulina Dumnicka Artur Jurczyszyn Karolina Woziwodzka Aleksandra Maleszka Marcin Krzanowski Andrzej Kraśniak Ryszard Drożdż Katarzyna Krzanowska |
| author_sort | Małgorzata Banaszkiewicz |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | <i>Background and objectives:</i> Anemia is common in multiple myeloma (MM) and is caused by a complex pathomechanism, including impaired iron homeostasis. Our aim is to evaluate the biomarkers of iron turnover: serum soluble transferrin receptor (sTfR) and hepcidin-25 in patients at various stages of MM in relation with markers of anemia, iron status, inflammation, renal impairment and burden of the disease and as predictors of mortality. <i>Materials and methods:</i> Seventy-three MM patients (six with smoldering and 67 with symptomatic disease) were recruited and observed for up to 27 months. Control group included 21 healthy individuals. Serum sTfR and hepcidin were measured with immunoenzymatic assays. <i>Results:</i> MM patients with and without anemia had higher sTFR compared to controls, while only anemic patients had higher hepcidin-25. Both hepcidin-25 and sTfR were higher in anemic than non-anemic patients. Higher hepcidin-25 (but not sTfR) was associated with increasing MM advancement (from smoldering to International Staging System stage III disease) and with poor response to MM treatment, which was accompanied by lower blood hemoglobin and increased anisocytosis. Neither serum hepcidin-25 nor sTfR were correlated with markers of renal impairment. Hepcidin-25 predicted blood hemoglobin in MM patients independently of other predictors, including markers of renal impairment, inflammation and MM burden. Moreover, both blood hemoglobin and serum hepcidin-25 were independently associated with patients’ 2-year survival. <i>Conclusions:</i> Our results suggest that hepcidin-25 is involved in anemia in MM and its concentrations are not affected by kidney impairment. Moreover, serum hepcidin-25 may be an early predictor of survival in this disease, independent of hemoglobin concentration. It should be further evaluated whether including hepcidin improves the early diagnosis of anemia in MM. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-09T13:23:12Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-48f12d794614436aaf2347ee96434d54 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1010-660X 1648-9144 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-09T13:23:12Z |
| publishDate | 2022-03-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Medicina |
| spelling | doaj.art-48f12d794614436aaf2347ee96434d542023-11-30T21:26:42ZengMDPI AGMedicina1010-660X1648-91442022-03-0158341710.3390/medicina58030417The Key Role of Hepcidin-25 in Anemia in Multiple Myeloma Patients with Renal ImpairmentMałgorzata Banaszkiewicz0Jolanta Małyszko1Krzysztof Batko2Ewa Koc-Żórawska3Marcin Żórawski4Paulina Dumnicka5Artur Jurczyszyn6Karolina Woziwodzka7Aleksandra Maleszka8Marcin Krzanowski9Andrzej Kraśniak10Ryszard Drożdż11Katarzyna Krzanowska12Department of Nephrology and Transplantology, Jagiellonian University Medical College, 30-688 Kraków, PolandDepartment of Nephrology, Dialysis and Internal Medicine, Medical University of Warsaw, 02-091 Warsaw, PolandDepartment of Nephrology and Transplantology, Jagiellonian University Medical College, 30-688 Kraków, PolandSecond Department of Nephrology and Hypertension with Dialysis Unit, Medical University of Bialystok, 15-276 Bialystok, PolandDepartment of Clinical Medicine, Medical University of Bialystok, 15-254 Bialystok, PolandDepartment of Medical Diagnostics, Jagiellonian University Medical College, 30-688 Kraków, PolandDepartment of Hematology, Jagiellonian University Medical College, 31-501 Kraków, PolandDepartment of Nephrology and Transplantology, Jagiellonian University Medical College, 30-688 Kraków, PolandDepartment of Diagnostics, University Hospital in Kraków, 30-688 Kraków, PolandDepartment of Nephrology and Transplantology, Jagiellonian University Medical College, 30-688 Kraków, PolandDepartment of Nephrology and Transplantology, Jagiellonian University Medical College, 30-688 Kraków, PolandDepartment of Medical Diagnostics, Jagiellonian University Medical College, 30-688 Kraków, PolandDepartment of Nephrology and Transplantology, Jagiellonian University Medical College, 30-688 Kraków, Poland<i>Background and objectives:</i> Anemia is common in multiple myeloma (MM) and is caused by a complex pathomechanism, including impaired iron homeostasis. Our aim is to evaluate the biomarkers of iron turnover: serum soluble transferrin receptor (sTfR) and hepcidin-25 in patients at various stages of MM in relation with markers of anemia, iron status, inflammation, renal impairment and burden of the disease and as predictors of mortality. <i>Materials and methods:</i> Seventy-three MM patients (six with smoldering and 67 with symptomatic disease) were recruited and observed for up to 27 months. Control group included 21 healthy individuals. Serum sTfR and hepcidin were measured with immunoenzymatic assays. <i>Results:</i> MM patients with and without anemia had higher sTFR compared to controls, while only anemic patients had higher hepcidin-25. Both hepcidin-25 and sTfR were higher in anemic than non-anemic patients. Higher hepcidin-25 (but not sTfR) was associated with increasing MM advancement (from smoldering to International Staging System stage III disease) and with poor response to MM treatment, which was accompanied by lower blood hemoglobin and increased anisocytosis. Neither serum hepcidin-25 nor sTfR were correlated with markers of renal impairment. Hepcidin-25 predicted blood hemoglobin in MM patients independently of other predictors, including markers of renal impairment, inflammation and MM burden. Moreover, both blood hemoglobin and serum hepcidin-25 were independently associated with patients’ 2-year survival. <i>Conclusions:</i> Our results suggest that hepcidin-25 is involved in anemia in MM and its concentrations are not affected by kidney impairment. Moreover, serum hepcidin-25 may be an early predictor of survival in this disease, independent of hemoglobin concentration. It should be further evaluated whether including hepcidin improves the early diagnosis of anemia in MM.https://www.mdpi.com/1648-9144/58/3/417multiple myelomasoluble transferrin receptoranemiahepcidin 25renal impairmenttumor microenvironment |
| spellingShingle | Małgorzata Banaszkiewicz Jolanta Małyszko Krzysztof Batko Ewa Koc-Żórawska Marcin Żórawski Paulina Dumnicka Artur Jurczyszyn Karolina Woziwodzka Aleksandra Maleszka Marcin Krzanowski Andrzej Kraśniak Ryszard Drożdż Katarzyna Krzanowska The Key Role of Hepcidin-25 in Anemia in Multiple Myeloma Patients with Renal Impairment Medicina multiple myeloma soluble transferrin receptor anemia hepcidin 25 renal impairment tumor microenvironment |
| title | The Key Role of Hepcidin-25 in Anemia in Multiple Myeloma Patients with Renal Impairment |
| title_full | The Key Role of Hepcidin-25 in Anemia in Multiple Myeloma Patients with Renal Impairment |
| title_fullStr | The Key Role of Hepcidin-25 in Anemia in Multiple Myeloma Patients with Renal Impairment |
| title_full_unstemmed | The Key Role of Hepcidin-25 in Anemia in Multiple Myeloma Patients with Renal Impairment |
| title_short | The Key Role of Hepcidin-25 in Anemia in Multiple Myeloma Patients with Renal Impairment |
| title_sort | key role of hepcidin 25 in anemia in multiple myeloma patients with renal impairment |
| topic | multiple myeloma soluble transferrin receptor anemia hepcidin 25 renal impairment tumor microenvironment |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/1648-9144/58/3/417 |
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