NMR Tracing of Food Geographical Origin: The Impact of Seasonality, Cultivar and Production Year on Data Analysis
The traceability of typical foodstuffs is necessary to protect high quality of traditional products. It is well-known that several factors could influence metabolites content in certified foods, but soil composition, altitude, latitude and coded production protocols constitute the territorial condit...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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MDPI AG
2021-12-01
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2297-8739/8/12/230 |
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| author | Olimpia Masetti Angela Sorbo Luigi Nisini |
| author_facet | Olimpia Masetti Angela Sorbo Luigi Nisini |
| author_sort | Olimpia Masetti |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | The traceability of typical foodstuffs is necessary to protect high quality of traditional products. It is well-known that several factors could influence metabolites content in certified foods, but soil composition, altitude, latitude and coded production protocols constitute the territorial conditions responsible for the peculiar organoleptic and nutritional properties of labelled foods. Instead, regardless of origin, seasonality, cultivar, collection year can affect all agricultural products, so it is appropriate to include them in data analysis in order to obtain a correct interpretation of the differences linked to growing areas alone. Therefore, it is useful to use a flexible all-round technique, and NMR spectroscopy coupled with multivariate statistical analysis is considered a powerful means of assessing food authenticity. The purpose of this review is to investigate the relevance of year, cultivar, and seasonal period in the determination of food geographical origin using NMR spectroscopy. The strategy for testing these three factors may differ from author to author, but a preliminary study of cultivar or collection year effects on NMR spectra is the most popular method before starting the geographical characterization of samples. In summary, based on the available literature, the most significant influence is due to cultivar, followed by harvesting year, however seasonality is not considered a source of variability in data analysis. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-10T03:05:39Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-49077838924d49e6860a5d6142daec9e |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2297-8739 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-10T03:05:39Z |
| publishDate | 2021-12-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Separations |
| spelling | doaj.art-49077838924d49e6860a5d6142daec9e2023-11-23T10:32:32ZengMDPI AGSeparations2297-87392021-12-0181223010.3390/separations8120230NMR Tracing of Food Geographical Origin: The Impact of Seasonality, Cultivar and Production Year on Data AnalysisOlimpia Masetti0Angela Sorbo1Luigi Nisini2Ministry of Education, University and Research (MIUR), 00189 Rome, ItalyDepartment of Food Safety, Nutrition and Veterinary Public Health, Istituto Superiore di Sanità (ISS), Viale Regina Elena 299, 00161 Rome, ItalyDG Joint Research Centre, Institute for Environment and Sustainability (IES), Via E. Fermi 2749, 21027 Ispra, ItalyThe traceability of typical foodstuffs is necessary to protect high quality of traditional products. It is well-known that several factors could influence metabolites content in certified foods, but soil composition, altitude, latitude and coded production protocols constitute the territorial conditions responsible for the peculiar organoleptic and nutritional properties of labelled foods. Instead, regardless of origin, seasonality, cultivar, collection year can affect all agricultural products, so it is appropriate to include them in data analysis in order to obtain a correct interpretation of the differences linked to growing areas alone. Therefore, it is useful to use a flexible all-round technique, and NMR spectroscopy coupled with multivariate statistical analysis is considered a powerful means of assessing food authenticity. The purpose of this review is to investigate the relevance of year, cultivar, and seasonal period in the determination of food geographical origin using NMR spectroscopy. The strategy for testing these three factors may differ from author to author, but a preliminary study of cultivar or collection year effects on NMR spectra is the most popular method before starting the geographical characterization of samples. In summary, based on the available literature, the most significant influence is due to cultivar, followed by harvesting year, however seasonality is not considered a source of variability in data analysis.https://www.mdpi.com/2297-8739/8/12/230NMR spectroscopyfood geographical origin characterizationmetabolomics profiling<sup>1</sup>H NMR fingerprinting |
| spellingShingle | Olimpia Masetti Angela Sorbo Luigi Nisini NMR Tracing of Food Geographical Origin: The Impact of Seasonality, Cultivar and Production Year on Data Analysis Separations NMR spectroscopy food geographical origin characterization metabolomics profiling <sup>1</sup>H NMR fingerprinting |
| title | NMR Tracing of Food Geographical Origin: The Impact of Seasonality, Cultivar and Production Year on Data Analysis |
| title_full | NMR Tracing of Food Geographical Origin: The Impact of Seasonality, Cultivar and Production Year on Data Analysis |
| title_fullStr | NMR Tracing of Food Geographical Origin: The Impact of Seasonality, Cultivar and Production Year on Data Analysis |
| title_full_unstemmed | NMR Tracing of Food Geographical Origin: The Impact of Seasonality, Cultivar and Production Year on Data Analysis |
| title_short | NMR Tracing of Food Geographical Origin: The Impact of Seasonality, Cultivar and Production Year on Data Analysis |
| title_sort | nmr tracing of food geographical origin the impact of seasonality cultivar and production year on data analysis |
| topic | NMR spectroscopy food geographical origin characterization metabolomics profiling <sup>1</sup>H NMR fingerprinting |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2297-8739/8/12/230 |
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