Two sources of bias explain errors in facial age estimation
Accurate age estimates underpin our everyday social interactions, the provision of age-restricted services and police investigations. Previous work suggests that these judgements are error-prone, but the processes giving rise to these errors are not understood. Here, we present the first systematic...
| Main Authors: | , , |
|---|---|
| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
| Published: |
The Royal Society
2018-01-01
|
| Series: | Royal Society Open Science |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | https://royalsocietypublishing.org/doi/pdf/10.1098/rsos.180841 |
| _version_ | 1811323392715915264 |
|---|---|
| author | Colin W. G. Clifford Tamara L. Watson David White |
| author_facet | Colin W. G. Clifford Tamara L. Watson David White |
| author_sort | Colin W. G. Clifford |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Accurate age estimates underpin our everyday social interactions, the provision of age-restricted services and police investigations. Previous work suggests that these judgements are error-prone, but the processes giving rise to these errors are not understood. Here, we present the first systematic test of bias in age estimation using a large database of standardized passport images of heterogeneous ages (n = 3948). In three experiments, we tested a range of perceiver age groups (n = 84), and found average age estimation error to be approximately 8 years. We show that this error can be attributed to two separable sources of bias. First, and accounting for the vast majority of variance, our results show an assimilative serial dependency whereby estimates are systematically biased towards the age of the preceding face. Second, younger faces are generally perceived to be older than they are, and older faces to be younger. In combination, these biases account for around 95% of variance in age estimates. We conclude that perception of age is modulated by representations that encode both a viewer's recent and normative exposure to faces. The finding that age perception is subject to strong top-down influences based on our immediate experience has implications for our understanding of perceptual processes involved in face perception, and for improving accuracy of age estimation in important real-world tasks. |
| first_indexed | 2024-04-13T13:54:22Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-49150110d948463db61d7770149e2ecd |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2054-5703 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-04-13T13:54:22Z |
| publishDate | 2018-01-01 |
| publisher | The Royal Society |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Royal Society Open Science |
| spelling | doaj.art-49150110d948463db61d7770149e2ecd2022-12-22T02:44:15ZengThe Royal SocietyRoyal Society Open Science2054-57032018-01-0151010.1098/rsos.180841180841Two sources of bias explain errors in facial age estimationColin W. G. CliffordTamara L. WatsonDavid WhiteAccurate age estimates underpin our everyday social interactions, the provision of age-restricted services and police investigations. Previous work suggests that these judgements are error-prone, but the processes giving rise to these errors are not understood. Here, we present the first systematic test of bias in age estimation using a large database of standardized passport images of heterogeneous ages (n = 3948). In three experiments, we tested a range of perceiver age groups (n = 84), and found average age estimation error to be approximately 8 years. We show that this error can be attributed to two separable sources of bias. First, and accounting for the vast majority of variance, our results show an assimilative serial dependency whereby estimates are systematically biased towards the age of the preceding face. Second, younger faces are generally perceived to be older than they are, and older faces to be younger. In combination, these biases account for around 95% of variance in age estimates. We conclude that perception of age is modulated by representations that encode both a viewer's recent and normative exposure to faces. The finding that age perception is subject to strong top-down influences based on our immediate experience has implications for our understanding of perceptual processes involved in face perception, and for improving accuracy of age estimation in important real-world tasks.https://royalsocietypublishing.org/doi/pdf/10.1098/rsos.180841social visionperson perceptionageingface perceptionserial dependency |
| spellingShingle | Colin W. G. Clifford Tamara L. Watson David White Two sources of bias explain errors in facial age estimation Royal Society Open Science social vision person perception ageing face perception serial dependency |
| title | Two sources of bias explain errors in facial age estimation |
| title_full | Two sources of bias explain errors in facial age estimation |
| title_fullStr | Two sources of bias explain errors in facial age estimation |
| title_full_unstemmed | Two sources of bias explain errors in facial age estimation |
| title_short | Two sources of bias explain errors in facial age estimation |
| title_sort | two sources of bias explain errors in facial age estimation |
| topic | social vision person perception ageing face perception serial dependency |
| url | https://royalsocietypublishing.org/doi/pdf/10.1098/rsos.180841 |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT colinwgclifford twosourcesofbiasexplainerrorsinfacialageestimation AT tamaralwatson twosourcesofbiasexplainerrorsinfacialageestimation AT davidwhite twosourcesofbiasexplainerrorsinfacialageestimation |