The relationship between retinal layers and brain areas in asymptomatic first-degree relatives of sporadic forms of Alzheimer’s disease: an exploratory analysis
Abstract Background Two main genetic risks for sporadic Alzheimer’s disease (AD) are a family history and ɛ4 allele of apolipoprotein E. The brain and retina are part of the central nervous system and share pathophysiological mechanisms in AD. Methods We performed a cross-sectional study with 30 par...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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BMC
2022-06-01
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| Series: | Alzheimer’s Research & Therapy |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | https://doi.org/10.1186/s13195-022-01008-5 |
| _version_ | 1818533754219528192 |
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| author | Inés López-Cuenca Alberto Marcos-Dolado Miguel Yus-Fuertes Elena Salobrar-García Lorena Elvira-Hurtado José A. Fernández-Albarral Juan J. Salazar Ana I. Ramírez Lidia Sánchez-Puebla Manuel Enrique Fuentes-Ferrer Ana Barabash Federico Ramírez-Toraño Lidia Gil-Martínez Juan Arrazola-García Pedro Gil Rosa de Hoz José M. Ramírez |
| author_facet | Inés López-Cuenca Alberto Marcos-Dolado Miguel Yus-Fuertes Elena Salobrar-García Lorena Elvira-Hurtado José A. Fernández-Albarral Juan J. Salazar Ana I. Ramírez Lidia Sánchez-Puebla Manuel Enrique Fuentes-Ferrer Ana Barabash Federico Ramírez-Toraño Lidia Gil-Martínez Juan Arrazola-García Pedro Gil Rosa de Hoz José M. Ramírez |
| author_sort | Inés López-Cuenca |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Abstract Background Two main genetic risks for sporadic Alzheimer’s disease (AD) are a family history and ɛ4 allele of apolipoprotein E. The brain and retina are part of the central nervous system and share pathophysiological mechanisms in AD. Methods We performed a cross-sectional study with 30 participants without a family history of sporadic AD (FH−) and noncarriers of ApoE ɛ4 (ApoE ɛ4−) as a control group and 34 participants with a family history of sporadic AD (FH+) and carriers of at least one ɛ4 allele (ApoE ɛ4+). We analyzed the correlations between macular volumes of retinal layers and thickness of the peripapillary retinal nerve fiber layer (pRNFL) measured by optical coherence tomography (OCT) with the brain area parameters measured by magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) in participants at high genetic risk of developing AD (FH+ ApoE ɛ4+). Results We observed a significant volume reduction in the FH+ ApoE ɛ4+ group compared with the control group in some macular areas of (i) macular RNFL (mRNFL), (ii) inner plexiform layer (IPL), (iii) inner nuclear layer (INL), and (iv) outer plexiform layer (OPL). Furthermore, in the FH+ ApoE ɛ4+ group, the retinal sectors that showed statistically significant volume decrease correlated with brain areas that are affected in the early stages of AD. In the same group, the peripapillary retinal nerve fiber layer (pRNFL) did not show statistically significant changes in thickness compared with the control group. However, correlations of these sectors with the brain areas involved in this disease were also found. Conclusions In cognitively healthy participants at high genetic risk of developing sporadic forms of AD, there are significant correlations between retinal changes and brain areas closely related to AD such as the entorhinal cortex, the lingual gyrus, and the hippocampus. |
| first_indexed | 2024-12-11T18:02:55Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-49329f36ef8c4e2d84f49e46a209ad7b |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1758-9193 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-12-11T18:02:55Z |
| publishDate | 2022-06-01 |
| publisher | BMC |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Alzheimer’s Research & Therapy |
| spelling | doaj.art-49329f36ef8c4e2d84f49e46a209ad7b2022-12-22T00:55:50ZengBMCAlzheimer’s Research & Therapy1758-91932022-06-0114111810.1186/s13195-022-01008-5The relationship between retinal layers and brain areas in asymptomatic first-degree relatives of sporadic forms of Alzheimer’s disease: an exploratory analysisInés López-Cuenca0Alberto Marcos-Dolado1Miguel Yus-Fuertes2Elena Salobrar-García3Lorena Elvira-Hurtado4José A. Fernández-Albarral5Juan J. Salazar6Ana I. Ramírez7Lidia Sánchez-Puebla8Manuel Enrique Fuentes-Ferrer9Ana Barabash10Federico Ramírez-Toraño11Lidia Gil-Martínez12Juan Arrazola-García13Pedro Gil14Rosa de Hoz15José M. Ramírez16Ramon Castroviejo Institute of Ophthalmologic Research, Complutense University of MadridHealth Research Institute of the Hospital Clínico San Carlos (IdISSC)Health Research Institute of the Hospital Clínico San Carlos (IdISSC)Ramon Castroviejo Institute of Ophthalmologic Research, Complutense University of MadridRamon Castroviejo Institute of Ophthalmologic Research, Complutense University of MadridRamon Castroviejo Institute of Ophthalmologic Research, Complutense University of MadridRamon Castroviejo Institute of Ophthalmologic Research, Complutense University of MadridRamon Castroviejo Institute of Ophthalmologic Research, Complutense University of MadridRamon Castroviejo Institute of Ophthalmologic Research, Complutense University of MadridHealth Research Institute of the Hospital Clínico San Carlos (IdISSC)Health Research Institute of the Hospital Clínico San Carlos (IdISSC)Laboratory of Cognitive and Computational Neuroscience, Center for Biomedical Technology, Technical University of MadridFoundation for Biomedical Research at Hospital Clínico San Carlos (FIBHCSC), Hospital Clínico San CarlosHealth Research Institute of the Hospital Clínico San Carlos (IdISSC)Health Research Institute of the Hospital Clínico San Carlos (IdISSC)Ramon Castroviejo Institute of Ophthalmologic Research, Complutense University of MadridRamon Castroviejo Institute of Ophthalmologic Research, Complutense University of MadridAbstract Background Two main genetic risks for sporadic Alzheimer’s disease (AD) are a family history and ɛ4 allele of apolipoprotein E. The brain and retina are part of the central nervous system and share pathophysiological mechanisms in AD. Methods We performed a cross-sectional study with 30 participants without a family history of sporadic AD (FH−) and noncarriers of ApoE ɛ4 (ApoE ɛ4−) as a control group and 34 participants with a family history of sporadic AD (FH+) and carriers of at least one ɛ4 allele (ApoE ɛ4+). We analyzed the correlations between macular volumes of retinal layers and thickness of the peripapillary retinal nerve fiber layer (pRNFL) measured by optical coherence tomography (OCT) with the brain area parameters measured by magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) in participants at high genetic risk of developing AD (FH+ ApoE ɛ4+). Results We observed a significant volume reduction in the FH+ ApoE ɛ4+ group compared with the control group in some macular areas of (i) macular RNFL (mRNFL), (ii) inner plexiform layer (IPL), (iii) inner nuclear layer (INL), and (iv) outer plexiform layer (OPL). Furthermore, in the FH+ ApoE ɛ4+ group, the retinal sectors that showed statistically significant volume decrease correlated with brain areas that are affected in the early stages of AD. In the same group, the peripapillary retinal nerve fiber layer (pRNFL) did not show statistically significant changes in thickness compared with the control group. However, correlations of these sectors with the brain areas involved in this disease were also found. Conclusions In cognitively healthy participants at high genetic risk of developing sporadic forms of AD, there are significant correlations between retinal changes and brain areas closely related to AD such as the entorhinal cortex, the lingual gyrus, and the hippocampus.https://doi.org/10.1186/s13195-022-01008-5Alzheimer’s diseaseFamily historyApoE ɛ4RetinaOCTMRI |
| spellingShingle | Inés López-Cuenca Alberto Marcos-Dolado Miguel Yus-Fuertes Elena Salobrar-García Lorena Elvira-Hurtado José A. Fernández-Albarral Juan J. Salazar Ana I. Ramírez Lidia Sánchez-Puebla Manuel Enrique Fuentes-Ferrer Ana Barabash Federico Ramírez-Toraño Lidia Gil-Martínez Juan Arrazola-García Pedro Gil Rosa de Hoz José M. Ramírez The relationship between retinal layers and brain areas in asymptomatic first-degree relatives of sporadic forms of Alzheimer’s disease: an exploratory analysis Alzheimer’s Research & Therapy Alzheimer’s disease Family history ApoE ɛ4 Retina OCT MRI |
| title | The relationship between retinal layers and brain areas in asymptomatic first-degree relatives of sporadic forms of Alzheimer’s disease: an exploratory analysis |
| title_full | The relationship between retinal layers and brain areas in asymptomatic first-degree relatives of sporadic forms of Alzheimer’s disease: an exploratory analysis |
| title_fullStr | The relationship between retinal layers and brain areas in asymptomatic first-degree relatives of sporadic forms of Alzheimer’s disease: an exploratory analysis |
| title_full_unstemmed | The relationship between retinal layers and brain areas in asymptomatic first-degree relatives of sporadic forms of Alzheimer’s disease: an exploratory analysis |
| title_short | The relationship between retinal layers and brain areas in asymptomatic first-degree relatives of sporadic forms of Alzheimer’s disease: an exploratory analysis |
| title_sort | relationship between retinal layers and brain areas in asymptomatic first degree relatives of sporadic forms of alzheimer s disease an exploratory analysis |
| topic | Alzheimer’s disease Family history ApoE ɛ4 Retina OCT MRI |
| url | https://doi.org/10.1186/s13195-022-01008-5 |
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