Asymbiotic Seed Germination and In Vitro Seedling Development of the Endangered Orchid Species <i>Cypripedium guttatum</i>
<i>Cypripedium guttatum</i> is a highly restricted terrestrial orchid that faces increasing endangerment owing to its habitat destruction and illegal collection. Compared to epiphytic orchids, terrestrial orchids such as <i>C. guttatum</i> have harder seed coats and more dema...
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| Format: | Article |
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MDPI AG
2023-11-01
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| Series: | Plants |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2223-7747/12/22/3788 |
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| author | Hyeong Bin Park Jiae An Kee-Hwa Bae Seung Hyo Hong Hwan Joon Park Seongjun Kim Chang Woo Lee Byoung-Doo Lee Ju Hyoung Baek Nam Young Kim Jung Eun Hwang |
| author_facet | Hyeong Bin Park Jiae An Kee-Hwa Bae Seung Hyo Hong Hwan Joon Park Seongjun Kim Chang Woo Lee Byoung-Doo Lee Ju Hyoung Baek Nam Young Kim Jung Eun Hwang |
| author_sort | Hyeong Bin Park |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | <i>Cypripedium guttatum</i> is a highly restricted terrestrial orchid that faces increasing endangerment owing to its habitat destruction and illegal collection. Compared to epiphytic orchids, terrestrial orchids such as <i>C. guttatum</i> have harder seed coats and more demanding in vitro germination conditions. This study aimed to develop an effective in vitro propagation system for <i>C. guttatum</i> to aid in its conservation. Seeds from mature capsules were subjected to various conditions, including sterilization using 1% sodium hypochlorite (NaOCl) and different light conditions, culture media, hormones, and organic supplements, to assess germination and early seedling development in vitro. Sterilization with 1% NaOCl significantly improved the germination rate, especially under dark conditions. Germination initiation occurred at 2 and 3 months in orchid seed sowing medium (OSM) and Murashige and Skoog (MS) medium, respectively. The addition of 1 mg/L naphthaleneacetic acid (NAA) further enhanced germination. However, the inclusion of organic supplements, such as apple and banana homogenates, in the culture medium led to substantial growth inhibition after 12 months. Notably, orchid maintenance medium (OMM) without organic additives proved to be the most suitable for seedling growth. The results of this study show that sterilization, appropriate light, and optimal NAA concentrations are beneficial for seed germination. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-09T16:31:18Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-49336edd1f114c5d94e0433604d62ae8 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2223-7747 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-09T16:31:18Z |
| publishDate | 2023-11-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
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| series | Plants |
| spelling | doaj.art-49336edd1f114c5d94e0433604d62ae82023-11-24T15:01:47ZengMDPI AGPlants2223-77472023-11-011222378810.3390/plants12223788Asymbiotic Seed Germination and In Vitro Seedling Development of the Endangered Orchid Species <i>Cypripedium guttatum</i>Hyeong Bin Park0Jiae An1Kee-Hwa Bae2Seung Hyo Hong3Hwan Joon Park4Seongjun Kim5Chang Woo Lee6Byoung-Doo Lee7Ju Hyoung Baek8Nam Young Kim9Jung Eun Hwang10Research Center for Endangered Species, National Institute of Ecology, Yeongyang 36531, Republic of KoreaResearch Center for Endangered Species, National Institute of Ecology, Yeongyang 36531, Republic of KoreaSeed Vault Center, Baekdudaegan National Arboretum, Bonghwa 36209, Republic of KoreaResearch Center for Endangered Species, National Institute of Ecology, Yeongyang 36531, Republic of KoreaResearch Center for Endangered Species, National Institute of Ecology, Yeongyang 36531, Republic of KoreaResearch Center for Endangered Species, National Institute of Ecology, Yeongyang 36531, Republic of KoreaResearch Center for Endangered Species, National Institute of Ecology, Yeongyang 36531, Republic of KoreaResearch Center for Endangered Species, National Institute of Ecology, Yeongyang 36531, Republic of KoreaResearch Center for Endangered Species, National Institute of Ecology, Yeongyang 36531, Republic of KoreaResearch Center for Endangered Species, National Institute of Ecology, Yeongyang 36531, Republic of KoreaResearch Center for Endangered Species, National Institute of Ecology, Yeongyang 36531, Republic of Korea<i>Cypripedium guttatum</i> is a highly restricted terrestrial orchid that faces increasing endangerment owing to its habitat destruction and illegal collection. Compared to epiphytic orchids, terrestrial orchids such as <i>C. guttatum</i> have harder seed coats and more demanding in vitro germination conditions. This study aimed to develop an effective in vitro propagation system for <i>C. guttatum</i> to aid in its conservation. Seeds from mature capsules were subjected to various conditions, including sterilization using 1% sodium hypochlorite (NaOCl) and different light conditions, culture media, hormones, and organic supplements, to assess germination and early seedling development in vitro. Sterilization with 1% NaOCl significantly improved the germination rate, especially under dark conditions. Germination initiation occurred at 2 and 3 months in orchid seed sowing medium (OSM) and Murashige and Skoog (MS) medium, respectively. The addition of 1 mg/L naphthaleneacetic acid (NAA) further enhanced germination. However, the inclusion of organic supplements, such as apple and banana homogenates, in the culture medium led to substantial growth inhibition after 12 months. Notably, orchid maintenance medium (OMM) without organic additives proved to be the most suitable for seedling growth. The results of this study show that sterilization, appropriate light, and optimal NAA concentrations are beneficial for seed germination.https://www.mdpi.com/2223-7747/12/22/3788<i>Cypripedium guttatum</i>culture mediagerminationlight conditionorganic supplementationseeding growth |
| spellingShingle | Hyeong Bin Park Jiae An Kee-Hwa Bae Seung Hyo Hong Hwan Joon Park Seongjun Kim Chang Woo Lee Byoung-Doo Lee Ju Hyoung Baek Nam Young Kim Jung Eun Hwang Asymbiotic Seed Germination and In Vitro Seedling Development of the Endangered Orchid Species <i>Cypripedium guttatum</i> Plants <i>Cypripedium guttatum</i> culture media germination light condition organic supplementation seeding growth |
| title | Asymbiotic Seed Germination and In Vitro Seedling Development of the Endangered Orchid Species <i>Cypripedium guttatum</i> |
| title_full | Asymbiotic Seed Germination and In Vitro Seedling Development of the Endangered Orchid Species <i>Cypripedium guttatum</i> |
| title_fullStr | Asymbiotic Seed Germination and In Vitro Seedling Development of the Endangered Orchid Species <i>Cypripedium guttatum</i> |
| title_full_unstemmed | Asymbiotic Seed Germination and In Vitro Seedling Development of the Endangered Orchid Species <i>Cypripedium guttatum</i> |
| title_short | Asymbiotic Seed Germination and In Vitro Seedling Development of the Endangered Orchid Species <i>Cypripedium guttatum</i> |
| title_sort | asymbiotic seed germination and in vitro seedling development of the endangered orchid species i cypripedium guttatum i |
| topic | <i>Cypripedium guttatum</i> culture media germination light condition organic supplementation seeding growth |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2223-7747/12/22/3788 |
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