The effect of carnosine or β-alanine supplementation on markers of glycaemic control and insulin resistance in human and animal studies: a protocol for a systematic review and meta-analysis
Abstract Background Diabetes is a major public health issue and there is a need to develop low-cost, novel interventions to prevent or reduce disease progression. Growing evidence shows that supplementation with carnosine, or its rate-limiting precursor β-alanine, can ameliorate aspects of the metab...
| Main Authors: | , , , , , , , |
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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BMC
2020-12-01
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| Series: | Systematic Reviews |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | https://doi.org/10.1186/s13643-020-01539-8 |
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| author | Joseph J. Matthews Eimear Dolan Paul A. Swinton Livia Santos Guilherme G. Artioli Mark D. Turner Kirsty J. Elliott-Sale Craig Sale |
| author_facet | Joseph J. Matthews Eimear Dolan Paul A. Swinton Livia Santos Guilherme G. Artioli Mark D. Turner Kirsty J. Elliott-Sale Craig Sale |
| author_sort | Joseph J. Matthews |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Abstract Background Diabetes is a major public health issue and there is a need to develop low-cost, novel interventions to prevent or reduce disease progression. Growing evidence shows that supplementation with carnosine, or its rate-limiting precursor β-alanine, can ameliorate aspects of the metabolic dysregulation that occurs in diabetes. There is, however, a need to develop a better understanding of the magnitude of effect and the factors associated with positive outcomes. The purpose of this systematic review and meta-analysis is to evaluate the effect of carnosine or β-alanine supplementation on markers of glycaemic control and insulin resistance in humans and animals. Methods We will perform a systematic search for randomised and non-randomised controlled trials. Studies will be retrieved by searching electronic databases, clinical trial registers, author review, and cross-referencing. Primary outcomes include changes in (i) fasting glucose, (ii) glycated haemoglobin, and (iii) 2-h glucose following a glucose tolerance test. A set of additional outcomes includes other markers of glycaemic control and insulin resistance. Risk of bias (RoB) will be assessed using the Cochrane RoB 2.0 tool (human studies) and the Systematic Review Centre for Laboratory Animal Experimentation (SYRCLE) RoB tool (animal studies). Confidence in the cumulative evidence will be assessed using the Grading of Recommendations Assessment, Development and Evaluation (GRADE) approach. All meta-analyses will be conducted within a Bayesian framework, providing a flexible modelling approach to account for uncertainty in model parameters and underlying structures within the data. Discussion By including all available human and animal data, we will provide the most comprehensive overview on the topic to date. The results will have implications for those working in prediabetes, diabetes, and metabolic health in general and may lead to the development of new treatment approaches. Dissemination Study results will be presented at a professional conference and published in a peer-reviewed journal. Systematic review registration CRD42020191588 |
| first_indexed | 2024-12-14T03:21:58Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-493cec5c81c544cbb748c2c5c0e40497 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2046-4053 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-12-14T03:21:58Z |
| publishDate | 2020-12-01 |
| publisher | BMC |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Systematic Reviews |
| spelling | doaj.art-493cec5c81c544cbb748c2c5c0e404972022-12-21T23:19:01ZengBMCSystematic Reviews2046-40532020-12-01911610.1186/s13643-020-01539-8The effect of carnosine or β-alanine supplementation on markers of glycaemic control and insulin resistance in human and animal studies: a protocol for a systematic review and meta-analysisJoseph J. Matthews0Eimear Dolan1Paul A. Swinton2Livia Santos3Guilherme G. Artioli4Mark D. Turner5Kirsty J. Elliott-Sale6Craig Sale7Sport, Health and Performance Enhancement (SHAPE) Research Centre, Musculoskeletal Physiology Research Group, School of Science and Technology, Nottingham Trent UniversityApplied Physiology and Nutrition Research Group, Rheumatology Division, Faculdade de Medicina FMUSP, Universidade de São PauloSchool of Health Sciences, Robert Gordon UniversitySport, Health and Performance Enhancement (SHAPE) Research Centre, Musculoskeletal Physiology Research Group, School of Science and Technology, Nottingham Trent UniversityApplied Physiology and Nutrition Research Group, Rheumatology Division, Faculdade de Medicina FMUSP, Universidade de São PauloCentre for Diabetes, Chronic Diseases, and Ageing, School of Science and Technology, Nottingham Trent UniversitySport, Health and Performance Enhancement (SHAPE) Research Centre, Musculoskeletal Physiology Research Group, School of Science and Technology, Nottingham Trent UniversitySport, Health and Performance Enhancement (SHAPE) Research Centre, Musculoskeletal Physiology Research Group, School of Science and Technology, Nottingham Trent UniversityAbstract Background Diabetes is a major public health issue and there is a need to develop low-cost, novel interventions to prevent or reduce disease progression. Growing evidence shows that supplementation with carnosine, or its rate-limiting precursor β-alanine, can ameliorate aspects of the metabolic dysregulation that occurs in diabetes. There is, however, a need to develop a better understanding of the magnitude of effect and the factors associated with positive outcomes. The purpose of this systematic review and meta-analysis is to evaluate the effect of carnosine or β-alanine supplementation on markers of glycaemic control and insulin resistance in humans and animals. Methods We will perform a systematic search for randomised and non-randomised controlled trials. Studies will be retrieved by searching electronic databases, clinical trial registers, author review, and cross-referencing. Primary outcomes include changes in (i) fasting glucose, (ii) glycated haemoglobin, and (iii) 2-h glucose following a glucose tolerance test. A set of additional outcomes includes other markers of glycaemic control and insulin resistance. Risk of bias (RoB) will be assessed using the Cochrane RoB 2.0 tool (human studies) and the Systematic Review Centre for Laboratory Animal Experimentation (SYRCLE) RoB tool (animal studies). Confidence in the cumulative evidence will be assessed using the Grading of Recommendations Assessment, Development and Evaluation (GRADE) approach. All meta-analyses will be conducted within a Bayesian framework, providing a flexible modelling approach to account for uncertainty in model parameters and underlying structures within the data. Discussion By including all available human and animal data, we will provide the most comprehensive overview on the topic to date. The results will have implications for those working in prediabetes, diabetes, and metabolic health in general and may lead to the development of new treatment approaches. Dissemination Study results will be presented at a professional conference and published in a peer-reviewed journal. Systematic review registration CRD42020191588https://doi.org/10.1186/s13643-020-01539-8DiabetesPrediabetesMetabolic healthGlucoseTherapeuticsNutrition |
| spellingShingle | Joseph J. Matthews Eimear Dolan Paul A. Swinton Livia Santos Guilherme G. Artioli Mark D. Turner Kirsty J. Elliott-Sale Craig Sale The effect of carnosine or β-alanine supplementation on markers of glycaemic control and insulin resistance in human and animal studies: a protocol for a systematic review and meta-analysis Systematic Reviews Diabetes Prediabetes Metabolic health Glucose Therapeutics Nutrition |
| title | The effect of carnosine or β-alanine supplementation on markers of glycaemic control and insulin resistance in human and animal studies: a protocol for a systematic review and meta-analysis |
| title_full | The effect of carnosine or β-alanine supplementation on markers of glycaemic control and insulin resistance in human and animal studies: a protocol for a systematic review and meta-analysis |
| title_fullStr | The effect of carnosine or β-alanine supplementation on markers of glycaemic control and insulin resistance in human and animal studies: a protocol for a systematic review and meta-analysis |
| title_full_unstemmed | The effect of carnosine or β-alanine supplementation on markers of glycaemic control and insulin resistance in human and animal studies: a protocol for a systematic review and meta-analysis |
| title_short | The effect of carnosine or β-alanine supplementation on markers of glycaemic control and insulin resistance in human and animal studies: a protocol for a systematic review and meta-analysis |
| title_sort | effect of carnosine or β alanine supplementation on markers of glycaemic control and insulin resistance in human and animal studies a protocol for a systematic review and meta analysis |
| topic | Diabetes Prediabetes Metabolic health Glucose Therapeutics Nutrition |
| url | https://doi.org/10.1186/s13643-020-01539-8 |
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