Public Law Restrictions in the Context of 3D Land Administration—Review on Legal and Technical Approaches
Intense exploitation of land implies the development of multi-level, multi-purpose, overlapping and interlocking structures on 3D space, thus resulting in complex, stratified, 3D real property rights between individual owners, as well as restrictions. Legislation regulates the ownership status and u...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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MDPI AG
2022-01-01
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| Series: | Land |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2073-445X/11/1/88 |
| _version_ | 1797492752967008256 |
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| author | Dimitrios Kitsakis Eftychia Kalogianni Efi Dimopoulou |
| author_facet | Dimitrios Kitsakis Eftychia Kalogianni Efi Dimopoulou |
| author_sort | Dimitrios Kitsakis |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Intense exploitation of land implies the development of multi-level, multi-purpose, overlapping and interlocking structures on 3D space, thus resulting in complex, stratified, 3D real property rights between individual owners, as well as restrictions. Legislation regulates the ownership status and use of land by imposing restrictions known as Public Law Restrictions (PLRs). PLRs extend to various fields and various legislative frameworks, such as the protection of archaeological sites, protection and maintenance of underground infrastructures and utilities, environmental protection, flying of unmanned air vehicles, etc. PLRs are usually investigated in the context of property rights and restrictions in the various Land Administration Systems worldwide, and do not often gain specific attention. However, it is noticed that the restrictions that arise from Public Law need to be investigated and classified, so that they can be better utilised in the property status of land ownership. This review paper investigates the legal statutes on PLRs within the context of 3D land administration and the stipulations used to provide unambiguous modelling of PLRs, as provided by the relative literature. Moreover, the PLRs applied in the 3D space, to clearly depict rights, restrictions and responsibilities on the relevant spatial unit (land, air, marine parcel, mine, utility network, etc.), are particularly examined. Therefore, this work is to critically review and assess the aforementioned approaches on PLRs’ registration, modelling and organisation, as provided by a literature survey, and provides an overall view of the requirements and challenges within the development of 3D Land Administration Systems also considering standardisation developments. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-10T01:08:13Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-495382f3a8f5435e8b4856a7b0f338d1 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2073-445X |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-10T01:08:13Z |
| publishDate | 2022-01-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Land |
| spelling | doaj.art-495382f3a8f5435e8b4856a7b0f338d12023-11-23T14:22:25ZengMDPI AGLand2073-445X2022-01-011118810.3390/land11010088Public Law Restrictions in the Context of 3D Land Administration—Review on Legal and Technical ApproachesDimitrios Kitsakis0Eftychia Kalogianni1Efi Dimopoulou2School of Rural Surveying and Geoinformatics Engineering, National Technical University of Athens, 15780 Athens, GreeceFaculty of Architecture and the Built Environment, Delft University of Technology, 2628 BW Delft, The NetherlandsSchool of Rural Surveying and Geoinformatics Engineering, National Technical University of Athens, 15780 Athens, GreeceIntense exploitation of land implies the development of multi-level, multi-purpose, overlapping and interlocking structures on 3D space, thus resulting in complex, stratified, 3D real property rights between individual owners, as well as restrictions. Legislation regulates the ownership status and use of land by imposing restrictions known as Public Law Restrictions (PLRs). PLRs extend to various fields and various legislative frameworks, such as the protection of archaeological sites, protection and maintenance of underground infrastructures and utilities, environmental protection, flying of unmanned air vehicles, etc. PLRs are usually investigated in the context of property rights and restrictions in the various Land Administration Systems worldwide, and do not often gain specific attention. However, it is noticed that the restrictions that arise from Public Law need to be investigated and classified, so that they can be better utilised in the property status of land ownership. This review paper investigates the legal statutes on PLRs within the context of 3D land administration and the stipulations used to provide unambiguous modelling of PLRs, as provided by the relative literature. Moreover, the PLRs applied in the 3D space, to clearly depict rights, restrictions and responsibilities on the relevant spatial unit (land, air, marine parcel, mine, utility network, etc.), are particularly examined. Therefore, this work is to critically review and assess the aforementioned approaches on PLRs’ registration, modelling and organisation, as provided by a literature survey, and provides an overall view of the requirements and challenges within the development of 3D Land Administration Systems also considering standardisation developments.https://www.mdpi.com/2073-445X/11/1/883D cadastrepublic law restrictions3D land administrationRRRsstandardisation |
| spellingShingle | Dimitrios Kitsakis Eftychia Kalogianni Efi Dimopoulou Public Law Restrictions in the Context of 3D Land Administration—Review on Legal and Technical Approaches Land 3D cadastre public law restrictions 3D land administration RRRs standardisation |
| title | Public Law Restrictions in the Context of 3D Land Administration—Review on Legal and Technical Approaches |
| title_full | Public Law Restrictions in the Context of 3D Land Administration—Review on Legal and Technical Approaches |
| title_fullStr | Public Law Restrictions in the Context of 3D Land Administration—Review on Legal and Technical Approaches |
| title_full_unstemmed | Public Law Restrictions in the Context of 3D Land Administration—Review on Legal and Technical Approaches |
| title_short | Public Law Restrictions in the Context of 3D Land Administration—Review on Legal and Technical Approaches |
| title_sort | public law restrictions in the context of 3d land administration review on legal and technical approaches |
| topic | 3D cadastre public law restrictions 3D land administration RRRs standardisation |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2073-445X/11/1/88 |
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