Non-<i>albicans Candida</i> Species: Immune Response, Evasion Mechanisms, and New Plant-Derived Alternative Therapies
Fungal infections caused by <i>Candida</i> species have become a constant threat to public health, especially for immunocompromised patients, who are considered susceptible to this type of opportunistic infections. <i>Candida albicans</i> is known as the most common etiologic...
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| Format: | Article |
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MDPI AG
2022-12-01
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| Series: | Journal of Fungi |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2309-608X/9/1/11 |
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| author | Manuela Gómez-Gaviria Uriel Ramírez-Sotelo Héctor M. Mora-Montes |
| author_facet | Manuela Gómez-Gaviria Uriel Ramírez-Sotelo Héctor M. Mora-Montes |
| author_sort | Manuela Gómez-Gaviria |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Fungal infections caused by <i>Candida</i> species have become a constant threat to public health, especially for immunocompromised patients, who are considered susceptible to this type of opportunistic infections. <i>Candida albicans</i> is known as the most common etiological agent of candidiasis; however, other species, such as <i>Candida tropicalis</i>, <i>Candida parapsilosis</i>, <i>Nakaseomyces glabrata</i> (previously known as <i>Candida glabrata</i>), <i>Candida auris</i>, <i>Candida guilliermondii</i>, and <i>Pichia kudriavzevii</i> (previously named as <i>Candida krusei</i>), have also gained great importance in recent years. The increasing frequency of the isolation of this non-<i>albicans Candida</i> species is associated with different factors, such as constant exposure to antifungal drugs, the use of catheters in hospitalized patients, cancer, age, and geographic distribution. The main concerns for the control of these pathogens include their ability to evade the mechanisms of action of different drugs, thus developing resistance to antifungal drugs, and it has also been shown that some of these species also manage to evade the host’s immunity. These biological traits make candidiasis treatment a challenging task. In this review manuscript, a detailed update of the recent literature on the six most relevant non-<i>albicans Candida</i> species is provided, focusing on the immune response, evasion mechanisms, and new plant-derived compounds with antifungal properties. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-09T12:04:36Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-49682d6bd77a4f8eafed2cc1d1411f7b |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2309-608X |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-09T12:04:36Z |
| publishDate | 2022-12-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Journal of Fungi |
| spelling | doaj.art-49682d6bd77a4f8eafed2cc1d1411f7b2023-11-30T22:59:07ZengMDPI AGJournal of Fungi2309-608X2022-12-01911110.3390/jof9010011Non-<i>albicans Candida</i> Species: Immune Response, Evasion Mechanisms, and New Plant-Derived Alternative TherapiesManuela Gómez-Gaviria0Uriel Ramírez-Sotelo1Héctor M. Mora-Montes2Departamento de Biología, División de Ciencias Naturales y Exactas, Campus Guanajuato, Universidad de Guanajuato, Noria Alta s/n, col. Noria Alta, C.P., Guanajuato 36050, MexicoDepartamento de Biología, División de Ciencias Naturales y Exactas, Campus Guanajuato, Universidad de Guanajuato, Noria Alta s/n, col. Noria Alta, C.P., Guanajuato 36050, MexicoDepartamento de Biología, División de Ciencias Naturales y Exactas, Campus Guanajuato, Universidad de Guanajuato, Noria Alta s/n, col. Noria Alta, C.P., Guanajuato 36050, MexicoFungal infections caused by <i>Candida</i> species have become a constant threat to public health, especially for immunocompromised patients, who are considered susceptible to this type of opportunistic infections. <i>Candida albicans</i> is known as the most common etiological agent of candidiasis; however, other species, such as <i>Candida tropicalis</i>, <i>Candida parapsilosis</i>, <i>Nakaseomyces glabrata</i> (previously known as <i>Candida glabrata</i>), <i>Candida auris</i>, <i>Candida guilliermondii</i>, and <i>Pichia kudriavzevii</i> (previously named as <i>Candida krusei</i>), have also gained great importance in recent years. The increasing frequency of the isolation of this non-<i>albicans Candida</i> species is associated with different factors, such as constant exposure to antifungal drugs, the use of catheters in hospitalized patients, cancer, age, and geographic distribution. The main concerns for the control of these pathogens include their ability to evade the mechanisms of action of different drugs, thus developing resistance to antifungal drugs, and it has also been shown that some of these species also manage to evade the host’s immunity. These biological traits make candidiasis treatment a challenging task. In this review manuscript, a detailed update of the recent literature on the six most relevant non-<i>albicans Candida</i> species is provided, focusing on the immune response, evasion mechanisms, and new plant-derived compounds with antifungal properties.https://www.mdpi.com/2309-608X/9/1/11antifungal drugshost–fungus interactionantifungal immunitycandidiasisinnate immune sensing |
| spellingShingle | Manuela Gómez-Gaviria Uriel Ramírez-Sotelo Héctor M. Mora-Montes Non-<i>albicans Candida</i> Species: Immune Response, Evasion Mechanisms, and New Plant-Derived Alternative Therapies Journal of Fungi antifungal drugs host–fungus interaction antifungal immunity candidiasis innate immune sensing |
| title | Non-<i>albicans Candida</i> Species: Immune Response, Evasion Mechanisms, and New Plant-Derived Alternative Therapies |
| title_full | Non-<i>albicans Candida</i> Species: Immune Response, Evasion Mechanisms, and New Plant-Derived Alternative Therapies |
| title_fullStr | Non-<i>albicans Candida</i> Species: Immune Response, Evasion Mechanisms, and New Plant-Derived Alternative Therapies |
| title_full_unstemmed | Non-<i>albicans Candida</i> Species: Immune Response, Evasion Mechanisms, and New Plant-Derived Alternative Therapies |
| title_short | Non-<i>albicans Candida</i> Species: Immune Response, Evasion Mechanisms, and New Plant-Derived Alternative Therapies |
| title_sort | non i albicans candida i species immune response evasion mechanisms and new plant derived alternative therapies |
| topic | antifungal drugs host–fungus interaction antifungal immunity candidiasis innate immune sensing |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2309-608X/9/1/11 |
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