Characterisation of <i>Pinus canariensis</i> C.Sm. ex DC. Sawn Timber from Reforested Trees on the Island of Tenerife, Spain
Canary Island pine (<i>Pinus canariensis</i> C.Sm. ex DC) is a species endemic to the Canary Islands (Spain) that was for centuries overexploited for its wood and resin. Due to the state of the pine forest, more than 10,000 hectares were reforested in the middle of the 20th century. Now,...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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MDPI AG
2020-07-01
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| Series: | Forests |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/1999-4907/11/7/769 |
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| author | Luis García Esteban Paloma de Palacios Francisco García Fernández Alberto García-Iruela Juan Carlos del Pozo Víctor Pérez Borrego Juan Agulló Pérez Eva Padrón Cedrés Francisco Arriaga |
| author_facet | Luis García Esteban Paloma de Palacios Francisco García Fernández Alberto García-Iruela Juan Carlos del Pozo Víctor Pérez Borrego Juan Agulló Pérez Eva Padrón Cedrés Francisco Arriaga |
| author_sort | Luis García Esteban |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Canary Island pine (<i>Pinus canariensis</i> C.Sm. ex DC) is a species endemic to the Canary Islands (Spain) that was for centuries overexploited for its wood and resin. Due to the state of the pine forest, more than 10,000 hectares were reforested in the middle of the 20th century. Now, under the silvicultural management plan, thinning operations have allowed Canary Island pine wood to be mechanically characterised for the first time using large test pieces. In total, 1529 pieces measuring 2600 × 120 × 35 mm and visually graded according to Spanish standard UNE 56544 (Visual grading of large structural coniferous sawn timber) were assessed, resulting in 872 pieces in grades ME-1 and ME-2 and 657 rejects. After the characteristic values of density (479–453 kg∙m<sup>−3</sup>), modulus of elasticity (MOE) (14,023–11,276 N∙mm<sup>−2</sup>) and bending strength (MOR) (26–14 N∙mm<sup>−2</sup>) were determined for both grades (ME-1 and ME-2), strength class C24 was assigned to grade ME-1, with similar values to <i>Pinus radiata</i> D.Don and<i> Pinus pinaster </i>Aiton, and C14 was assigned to grade ME-2. Density, number of growth rings, growth ring width, and presence/absence of resinous wood have a significant influence on MOE and MOR, for a confidence level of 95%. Reforestation of Canary Island pine not only allows restoration of the forest cover, but also provides an opportunity, through thinning, to obtain quality wood, helping to create employment and associated industry. This local example with an endemic species can be extrapolated to other parts of the world. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-10T18:24:35Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-496af74585ad45eb85cc62e96f2d604a |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1999-4907 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-10T18:24:35Z |
| publishDate | 2020-07-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Forests |
| spelling | doaj.art-496af74585ad45eb85cc62e96f2d604a2023-11-20T07:08:26ZengMDPI AGForests1999-49072020-07-0111776910.3390/f11070769Characterisation of <i>Pinus canariensis</i> C.Sm. ex DC. Sawn Timber from Reforested Trees on the Island of Tenerife, SpainLuis García Esteban0Paloma de Palacios1Francisco García Fernández2Alberto García-Iruela3Juan Carlos del Pozo4Víctor Pérez Borrego5Juan Agulló Pérez6Eva Padrón Cedrés7Francisco Arriaga8Cátedra de Tecnología de la Madera, Departamento de Sistemas y Recursos Naturales, Escuela Técnica Superior de Ingeniería de Montes, Forestal y del Medio Natural, Universidad Politécnica de Madrid, Ciudad Universitaria, 28040 Madrid, SpainCátedra de Tecnología de la Madera, Departamento de Sistemas y Recursos Naturales, Escuela Técnica Superior de Ingeniería de Montes, Forestal y del Medio Natural, Universidad Politécnica de Madrid, Ciudad Universitaria, 28040 Madrid, SpainCátedra de Tecnología de la Madera, Departamento de Sistemas y Recursos Naturales, Escuela Técnica Superior de Ingeniería de Montes, Forestal y del Medio Natural, Universidad Politécnica de Madrid, Ciudad Universitaria, 28040 Madrid, SpainCátedra de Tecnología de la Madera, Departamento de Sistemas y Recursos Naturales, Escuela Técnica Superior de Ingeniería de Montes, Forestal y del Medio Natural, Universidad Politécnica de Madrid, Ciudad Universitaria, 28040 Madrid, SpainCátedra de Tecnología de la Madera, Departamento de Sistemas y Recursos Naturales, Escuela Técnica Superior de Ingeniería de Montes, Forestal y del Medio Natural, Universidad Politécnica de Madrid, Ciudad Universitaria, 28040 Madrid, SpainServicio Técnico de Planificación y Proyectos Forestales, Área de Sostenibilidad, Medio Ambiente y Seguridad, Cabildo Insular de Tenerife, Las Macetas s/n, Pabellón Insular Santiago Martín, Los Majuelos, 38108 San Cristóbal de La Laguna, SpainServicio Técnico de Planificación y Proyectos Forestales, Área de Sostenibilidad, Medio Ambiente y Seguridad, Cabildo Insular de Tenerife, Las Macetas s/n, Pabellón Insular Santiago Martín, Los Majuelos, 38108 San Cristóbal de La Laguna, SpainServicio Técnico de Planificación y Proyectos Forestales, Área de Sostenibilidad, Medio Ambiente y Seguridad, Cabildo Insular de Tenerife, Las Macetas s/n, Pabellón Insular Santiago Martín, Los Majuelos, 38108 San Cristóbal de La Laguna, SpainCátedra de Cálculo de Estructuras, Departamento de Ingeniería y Gestión Forestal y Ambiental, Escuela Técnica Superior de Ingeniería de Montes, Forestal y del Medio Natural, Universidad Politécnica de Madrid, Ciudad Universitaria, 28040 Madrid, SpainCanary Island pine (<i>Pinus canariensis</i> C.Sm. ex DC) is a species endemic to the Canary Islands (Spain) that was for centuries overexploited for its wood and resin. Due to the state of the pine forest, more than 10,000 hectares were reforested in the middle of the 20th century. Now, under the silvicultural management plan, thinning operations have allowed Canary Island pine wood to be mechanically characterised for the first time using large test pieces. In total, 1529 pieces measuring 2600 × 120 × 35 mm and visually graded according to Spanish standard UNE 56544 (Visual grading of large structural coniferous sawn timber) were assessed, resulting in 872 pieces in grades ME-1 and ME-2 and 657 rejects. After the characteristic values of density (479–453 kg∙m<sup>−3</sup>), modulus of elasticity (MOE) (14,023–11,276 N∙mm<sup>−2</sup>) and bending strength (MOR) (26–14 N∙mm<sup>−2</sup>) were determined for both grades (ME-1 and ME-2), strength class C24 was assigned to grade ME-1, with similar values to <i>Pinus radiata</i> D.Don and<i> Pinus pinaster </i>Aiton, and C14 was assigned to grade ME-2. Density, number of growth rings, growth ring width, and presence/absence of resinous wood have a significant influence on MOE and MOR, for a confidence level of 95%. Reforestation of Canary Island pine not only allows restoration of the forest cover, but also provides an opportunity, through thinning, to obtain quality wood, helping to create employment and associated industry. This local example with an endemic species can be extrapolated to other parts of the world.https://www.mdpi.com/1999-4907/11/7/769<i>Pinus canariensis</i>structural timberstrength classesgrowth ringsresinous wood |
| spellingShingle | Luis García Esteban Paloma de Palacios Francisco García Fernández Alberto García-Iruela Juan Carlos del Pozo Víctor Pérez Borrego Juan Agulló Pérez Eva Padrón Cedrés Francisco Arriaga Characterisation of <i>Pinus canariensis</i> C.Sm. ex DC. Sawn Timber from Reforested Trees on the Island of Tenerife, Spain Forests <i>Pinus canariensis</i> structural timber strength classes growth rings resinous wood |
| title | Characterisation of <i>Pinus canariensis</i> C.Sm. ex DC. Sawn Timber from Reforested Trees on the Island of Tenerife, Spain |
| title_full | Characterisation of <i>Pinus canariensis</i> C.Sm. ex DC. Sawn Timber from Reforested Trees on the Island of Tenerife, Spain |
| title_fullStr | Characterisation of <i>Pinus canariensis</i> C.Sm. ex DC. Sawn Timber from Reforested Trees on the Island of Tenerife, Spain |
| title_full_unstemmed | Characterisation of <i>Pinus canariensis</i> C.Sm. ex DC. Sawn Timber from Reforested Trees on the Island of Tenerife, Spain |
| title_short | Characterisation of <i>Pinus canariensis</i> C.Sm. ex DC. Sawn Timber from Reforested Trees on the Island of Tenerife, Spain |
| title_sort | characterisation of i pinus canariensis i c sm ex dc sawn timber from reforested trees on the island of tenerife spain |
| topic | <i>Pinus canariensis</i> structural timber strength classes growth rings resinous wood |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/1999-4907/11/7/769 |
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