Functional analysis of the sporulation-specific diadenylate cyclase CdaS in Bacillus thuringiensis
Cyclic di-AMP (c-di-AMP) is a recently discovered bacterial secondary messenger molecule, which is associated with various physiological functions. In Bacillus, the intracellular level and turnover of c-di-AMP is mainly regulated by three diadenylate cyclases (DACs), including DisA, CdaA and CdaS, a...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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Frontiers Media S.A.
2015-09-01
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| Series: | Frontiers in Microbiology |
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| Online Access: | http://journal.frontiersin.org/Journal/10.3389/fmicb.2015.00908/full |
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| author | Cao eZheng Yang eMa Xun eWang Yuqun eXie Maria Kanwal Ali Jin eHe |
| author_facet | Cao eZheng Yang eMa Xun eWang Yuqun eXie Maria Kanwal Ali Jin eHe |
| author_sort | Cao eZheng |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Cyclic di-AMP (c-di-AMP) is a recently discovered bacterial secondary messenger molecule, which is associated with various physiological functions. In Bacillus, the intracellular level and turnover of c-di-AMP is mainly regulated by three diadenylate cyclases (DACs), including DisA, CdaA and CdaS, and one c-di-AMP-specific phosphodiesterase. In this study, we demonstrated that CdaS protein from B. thuringiensisis is a hexameric DAC protein that can convert ATP or ADP to c-di-AMP in vitro and the N-terminal YojJ domain was essential for the DAC activity. Based on the markerless gene knock-out method, we demonstrated that the transcription of cdaS was initiated by the sporulation-specific sigma factor σH and the deletion of cdaS significantly delayed sporulation and parasporal crystal formation. These findings contrast with similar experiments conducted using B. subtilis, wherein transcription of its cdaS was initiated by the sigma factor σG. Deletion of all the three DAC genes from a single strain was unsuccessful, suggesting that c-di-AMP is an indispensable molecule in B. thuringiensis. Phylogenetic analysis indicated increased diversity of CdaS in the B. cereus and B. subtilis Bacillus subgroups. In summary, this study identifies important aspects in the regulation of c-di-AMP in Bacillus. |
| first_indexed | 2024-12-23T13:40:43Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-4970162d138444e5bfa187a438b3df7c |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1664-302X |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-12-23T13:40:43Z |
| publishDate | 2015-09-01 |
| publisher | Frontiers Media S.A. |
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| series | Frontiers in Microbiology |
| spelling | doaj.art-4970162d138444e5bfa187a438b3df7c2022-12-21T17:44:52ZengFrontiers Media S.A.Frontiers in Microbiology1664-302X2015-09-01610.3389/fmicb.2015.00908154118Functional analysis of the sporulation-specific diadenylate cyclase CdaS in Bacillus thuringiensisCao eZheng0Yang eMa1Xun eWang2Yuqun eXie3Maria Kanwal Ali4Jin eHe5Huazhong agricultural universityHuazhong agricultural universityHuazhong agricultural universityHubei University of TechnologyHuazhong agricultural universityHuazhong agricultural universityCyclic di-AMP (c-di-AMP) is a recently discovered bacterial secondary messenger molecule, which is associated with various physiological functions. In Bacillus, the intracellular level and turnover of c-di-AMP is mainly regulated by three diadenylate cyclases (DACs), including DisA, CdaA and CdaS, and one c-di-AMP-specific phosphodiesterase. In this study, we demonstrated that CdaS protein from B. thuringiensisis is a hexameric DAC protein that can convert ATP or ADP to c-di-AMP in vitro and the N-terminal YojJ domain was essential for the DAC activity. Based on the markerless gene knock-out method, we demonstrated that the transcription of cdaS was initiated by the sporulation-specific sigma factor σH and the deletion of cdaS significantly delayed sporulation and parasporal crystal formation. These findings contrast with similar experiments conducted using B. subtilis, wherein transcription of its cdaS was initiated by the sigma factor σG. Deletion of all the three DAC genes from a single strain was unsuccessful, suggesting that c-di-AMP is an indispensable molecule in B. thuringiensis. Phylogenetic analysis indicated increased diversity of CdaS in the B. cereus and B. subtilis Bacillus subgroups. In summary, this study identifies important aspects in the regulation of c-di-AMP in Bacillus.http://journal.frontiersin.org/Journal/10.3389/fmicb.2015.00908/fullBacillus thuringiensissporulationCDAsParasporal crystalCyclic di-AMP |
| spellingShingle | Cao eZheng Yang eMa Xun eWang Yuqun eXie Maria Kanwal Ali Jin eHe Functional analysis of the sporulation-specific diadenylate cyclase CdaS in Bacillus thuringiensis Frontiers in Microbiology Bacillus thuringiensis sporulation CDAs Parasporal crystal Cyclic di-AMP |
| title | Functional analysis of the sporulation-specific diadenylate cyclase CdaS in Bacillus thuringiensis |
| title_full | Functional analysis of the sporulation-specific diadenylate cyclase CdaS in Bacillus thuringiensis |
| title_fullStr | Functional analysis of the sporulation-specific diadenylate cyclase CdaS in Bacillus thuringiensis |
| title_full_unstemmed | Functional analysis of the sporulation-specific diadenylate cyclase CdaS in Bacillus thuringiensis |
| title_short | Functional analysis of the sporulation-specific diadenylate cyclase CdaS in Bacillus thuringiensis |
| title_sort | functional analysis of the sporulation specific diadenylate cyclase cdas in bacillus thuringiensis |
| topic | Bacillus thuringiensis sporulation CDAs Parasporal crystal Cyclic di-AMP |
| url | http://journal.frontiersin.org/Journal/10.3389/fmicb.2015.00908/full |
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