Model the Relationship of NH<sub>3</sub> Emission with Attributing Factors from Rice Fields in China: Ammonia Mitigation Potential Using a Urease Inhibitor
Substantial ammonia (NH<sub>3</sub>) losses from rice production result in poor nitrogen (N) use efficiency and environmental damage. A data synthesis using the published literature (127 studies with 700 paired observations), combined with an incubation experiment using 50 paddy soils fr...
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| Format: | Article |
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MDPI AG
2022-10-01
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| Series: | Atmosphere |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4433/13/11/1750 |
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| author | Zhipeng Sha Xin Ma Jingxia Wang Yunzhe Li Wen Xu Aohan Tang Keith Goulding Xuejun Liu |
| author_facet | Zhipeng Sha Xin Ma Jingxia Wang Yunzhe Li Wen Xu Aohan Tang Keith Goulding Xuejun Liu |
| author_sort | Zhipeng Sha |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Substantial ammonia (NH<sub>3</sub>) losses from rice production result in poor nitrogen (N) use efficiency and environmental damage. A data synthesis using the published literature (127 studies with 700 paired observations), combined with an incubation experiment using 50 paddy soils from across China, were conducted to improve the current understanding of the NH<sub>3</sub> loss from paddy rice and its drivers. The efficacy of the urease inhibitor Limus<sup>®</sup> for reducing NH<sub>3</sub> losses was also evaluated. The mean loss of N, through NH<sub>3</sub> volatilization, was 16.2% of the urea-N applied to paddy rice. The largest losses were from double rice cropping systems, and losses increased with the N application rate, surface application of N, unstable N types (ammonium bicarbonate and urea), and high floodwater pH. Under simulated flooded conditions, urea amended with Limus<sup>®</sup> reduced NH<sub>3</sub> loss by 36.6%, compared to urea alone, but floodwater pH had a significant effect on inhibitor efficacy. Key driving factors were air temperature, N application rate, and floodwater pH. The effectiveness and limitations of the inhibitor in NH<sub>3</sub> emission mitigation was examined, as well as its basis as one means of N pollution control in paddy rice cropping systems. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-09T19:16:59Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-4970a8e4ba2646449d153f6de5c9a405 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2073-4433 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-09T19:16:59Z |
| publishDate | 2022-10-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Atmosphere |
| spelling | doaj.art-4970a8e4ba2646449d153f6de5c9a4052023-11-24T03:41:37ZengMDPI AGAtmosphere2073-44332022-10-011311175010.3390/atmos13111750Model the Relationship of NH<sub>3</sub> Emission with Attributing Factors from Rice Fields in China: Ammonia Mitigation Potential Using a Urease InhibitorZhipeng Sha0Xin Ma1Jingxia Wang2Yunzhe Li3Wen Xu4Aohan Tang5Keith Goulding6Xuejun Liu7Beijing Key Laboratory of Farmland Soil Pollution Prevention and Remediation, Key Laboratory of Soil-Plant Interactions of MOE, College of Resources & Environmental Sciences, National Academy of Agriculture Green Development, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, ChinaBeijing Key Laboratory of Farmland Soil Pollution Prevention and Remediation, Key Laboratory of Soil-Plant Interactions of MOE, College of Resources & Environmental Sciences, National Academy of Agriculture Green Development, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, ChinaBeijing Key Laboratory of Farmland Soil Pollution Prevention and Remediation, Key Laboratory of Soil-Plant Interactions of MOE, College of Resources & Environmental Sciences, National Academy of Agriculture Green Development, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, ChinaBeijing Key Laboratory of Farmland Soil Pollution Prevention and Remediation, Key Laboratory of Soil-Plant Interactions of MOE, College of Resources & Environmental Sciences, National Academy of Agriculture Green Development, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, ChinaBeijing Key Laboratory of Farmland Soil Pollution Prevention and Remediation, Key Laboratory of Soil-Plant Interactions of MOE, College of Resources & Environmental Sciences, National Academy of Agriculture Green Development, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, ChinaBeijing Key Laboratory of Farmland Soil Pollution Prevention and Remediation, Key Laboratory of Soil-Plant Interactions of MOE, College of Resources & Environmental Sciences, National Academy of Agriculture Green Development, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, ChinaSustainable Soils and Crops, Rothamsted Research, Harpenden AL5 2JQ, UKBeijing Key Laboratory of Farmland Soil Pollution Prevention and Remediation, Key Laboratory of Soil-Plant Interactions of MOE, College of Resources & Environmental Sciences, National Academy of Agriculture Green Development, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, ChinaSubstantial ammonia (NH<sub>3</sub>) losses from rice production result in poor nitrogen (N) use efficiency and environmental damage. A data synthesis using the published literature (127 studies with 700 paired observations), combined with an incubation experiment using 50 paddy soils from across China, were conducted to improve the current understanding of the NH<sub>3</sub> loss from paddy rice and its drivers. The efficacy of the urease inhibitor Limus<sup>®</sup> for reducing NH<sub>3</sub> losses was also evaluated. The mean loss of N, through NH<sub>3</sub> volatilization, was 16.2% of the urea-N applied to paddy rice. The largest losses were from double rice cropping systems, and losses increased with the N application rate, surface application of N, unstable N types (ammonium bicarbonate and urea), and high floodwater pH. Under simulated flooded conditions, urea amended with Limus<sup>®</sup> reduced NH<sub>3</sub> loss by 36.6%, compared to urea alone, but floodwater pH had a significant effect on inhibitor efficacy. Key driving factors were air temperature, N application rate, and floodwater pH. The effectiveness and limitations of the inhibitor in NH<sub>3</sub> emission mitigation was examined, as well as its basis as one means of N pollution control in paddy rice cropping systems.https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4433/13/11/1750NH<sub>3</sub> loss potentialrice fieldfloodwater pHurease inhibitor |
| spellingShingle | Zhipeng Sha Xin Ma Jingxia Wang Yunzhe Li Wen Xu Aohan Tang Keith Goulding Xuejun Liu Model the Relationship of NH<sub>3</sub> Emission with Attributing Factors from Rice Fields in China: Ammonia Mitigation Potential Using a Urease Inhibitor Atmosphere NH<sub>3</sub> loss potential rice field floodwater pH urease inhibitor |
| title | Model the Relationship of NH<sub>3</sub> Emission with Attributing Factors from Rice Fields in China: Ammonia Mitigation Potential Using a Urease Inhibitor |
| title_full | Model the Relationship of NH<sub>3</sub> Emission with Attributing Factors from Rice Fields in China: Ammonia Mitigation Potential Using a Urease Inhibitor |
| title_fullStr | Model the Relationship of NH<sub>3</sub> Emission with Attributing Factors from Rice Fields in China: Ammonia Mitigation Potential Using a Urease Inhibitor |
| title_full_unstemmed | Model the Relationship of NH<sub>3</sub> Emission with Attributing Factors from Rice Fields in China: Ammonia Mitigation Potential Using a Urease Inhibitor |
| title_short | Model the Relationship of NH<sub>3</sub> Emission with Attributing Factors from Rice Fields in China: Ammonia Mitigation Potential Using a Urease Inhibitor |
| title_sort | model the relationship of nh sub 3 sub emission with attributing factors from rice fields in china ammonia mitigation potential using a urease inhibitor |
| topic | NH<sub>3</sub> loss potential rice field floodwater pH urease inhibitor |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4433/13/11/1750 |
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