Meeting the Challenge of Controlling Viral Immunopathology
The mission of this review is to identify immune-damaging participants involved in antiviral immunoinflammatory lesions. We argue these could be targeted and their activity changed selectively by maneuvers that, at the same time, may not diminish the impact of components that help resolve lesions. I...
| Main Authors: | , , |
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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MDPI AG
2024-04-01
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| Series: | International Journal of Molecular Sciences |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/1422-0067/25/7/3935 |
| _version_ | 1797212490231185408 |
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| author | Engin Berber Sachin Mulik Barry T. Rouse |
| author_facet | Engin Berber Sachin Mulik Barry T. Rouse |
| author_sort | Engin Berber |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | The mission of this review is to identify immune-damaging participants involved in antiviral immunoinflammatory lesions. We argue these could be targeted and their activity changed selectively by maneuvers that, at the same time, may not diminish the impact of components that help resolve lesions. Ideally, we need to identify therapeutic approaches that can reverse ongoing lesions that lack unwanted side effects and are affordable to use. By understanding the delicate balance between immune responses that cause tissue damage and those that aid in resolution, novel strategies can be developed to target detrimental immune components while preserving the beneficial ones. Some strategies involve rebalancing the participation of immune components using various approaches, such as removing or blocking proinflammatory T cell products, expanding regulatory cells, restoring lost protective cell function, using monoclonal antibodies (moAb) to counteract inhibitory molecules, and exploiting metabolic differences between inflammatory and immuno-protective responses. These strategies can help reverse ongoing viral infections. We explain various approaches, from model studies and some clinical evidence, that achieve innate and adaptive immune rebalancing, offering insights into potential applications for controlling chronic viral-induced lesions. |
| first_indexed | 2024-04-24T10:43:13Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-4974dde0f58f495a90bb3f4877c5f394 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1661-6596 1422-0067 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-04-24T10:43:13Z |
| publishDate | 2024-04-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | International Journal of Molecular Sciences |
| spelling | doaj.art-4974dde0f58f495a90bb3f4877c5f3942024-04-12T13:20:10ZengMDPI AGInternational Journal of Molecular Sciences1661-65961422-00672024-04-01257393510.3390/ijms25073935Meeting the Challenge of Controlling Viral ImmunopathologyEngin Berber0Sachin Mulik1Barry T. Rouse2Infection Biology, Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH 44195, USACenter for Biomedical Research, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Tyler, Tyler, TX 75708, USACollege of Veterinary Medicine, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, TN 37996, USAThe mission of this review is to identify immune-damaging participants involved in antiviral immunoinflammatory lesions. We argue these could be targeted and their activity changed selectively by maneuvers that, at the same time, may not diminish the impact of components that help resolve lesions. Ideally, we need to identify therapeutic approaches that can reverse ongoing lesions that lack unwanted side effects and are affordable to use. By understanding the delicate balance between immune responses that cause tissue damage and those that aid in resolution, novel strategies can be developed to target detrimental immune components while preserving the beneficial ones. Some strategies involve rebalancing the participation of immune components using various approaches, such as removing or blocking proinflammatory T cell products, expanding regulatory cells, restoring lost protective cell function, using monoclonal antibodies (moAb) to counteract inhibitory molecules, and exploiting metabolic differences between inflammatory and immuno-protective responses. These strategies can help reverse ongoing viral infections. We explain various approaches, from model studies and some clinical evidence, that achieve innate and adaptive immune rebalancing, offering insights into potential applications for controlling chronic viral-induced lesions.https://www.mdpi.com/1422-0067/25/7/3935viral infectionimmunopathologyimmunotherapyimmunometabolism |
| spellingShingle | Engin Berber Sachin Mulik Barry T. Rouse Meeting the Challenge of Controlling Viral Immunopathology International Journal of Molecular Sciences viral infection immunopathology immunotherapy immunometabolism |
| title | Meeting the Challenge of Controlling Viral Immunopathology |
| title_full | Meeting the Challenge of Controlling Viral Immunopathology |
| title_fullStr | Meeting the Challenge of Controlling Viral Immunopathology |
| title_full_unstemmed | Meeting the Challenge of Controlling Viral Immunopathology |
| title_short | Meeting the Challenge of Controlling Viral Immunopathology |
| title_sort | meeting the challenge of controlling viral immunopathology |
| topic | viral infection immunopathology immunotherapy immunometabolism |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/1422-0067/25/7/3935 |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT enginberber meetingthechallengeofcontrollingviralimmunopathology AT sachinmulik meetingthechallengeofcontrollingviralimmunopathology AT barrytrouse meetingthechallengeofcontrollingviralimmunopathology |