Developmental Impacts of Epigenetics and Metabolism in COVID-19
Developmental biology is intricately regulated by epigenetics and metabolism but the mechanisms are not completely understood. The situation becomes even more complicated during diseases where all three phenomena are dysregulated. A salient example is COVID-19, where the death toll exceeded 6.96 mil...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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MDPI AG
2024-02-01
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| Series: | Journal of Developmental Biology |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2221-3759/12/1/9 |
| _version_ | 1797240469186412544 |
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| author | Noopur Naik Mansi Patel Rwik Sen |
| author_facet | Noopur Naik Mansi Patel Rwik Sen |
| author_sort | Noopur Naik |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Developmental biology is intricately regulated by epigenetics and metabolism but the mechanisms are not completely understood. The situation becomes even more complicated during diseases where all three phenomena are dysregulated. A salient example is COVID-19, where the death toll exceeded 6.96 million in 4 years, while the virus continues to mutate into different variants and infect people. Early evidence during the pandemic showed that the host’s immune and inflammatory responses to COVID-19 (like the cytokine storm) impacted the host’s metabolism, causing damage to the host’s organs and overall physiology. The involvement of angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (<i>ACE2</i>), the pivotal host receptor for the SARS-CoV-2 virus, was identified and linked to epigenetic abnormalities along with other contributing factors. Recently, studies have revealed stronger connections between epigenetics and metabolism in COVID-19 that impact development and accelerate aging. Patients manifest systemic toxicity, immune dysfunction and multi-organ failure. Single-cell multiomics and other state-of-the-art high-throughput studies are only just beginning to demonstrate the extent of dysregulation and damage. As epigenetics and metabolism directly impact development, there is a crucial need for research implementing cutting-edge technology, next-generation sequencing, bioinformatics analysis, the identification of biomarkers and clinical trials to help with prevention and therapeutic interventions against similar threats in the future. |
| first_indexed | 2024-04-24T18:07:55Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-497c0f57aa3a463588338bbc8990af69 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2221-3759 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-04-24T18:07:55Z |
| publishDate | 2024-02-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Journal of Developmental Biology |
| spelling | doaj.art-497c0f57aa3a463588338bbc8990af692024-03-27T13:48:35ZengMDPI AGJournal of Developmental Biology2221-37592024-02-01121910.3390/jdb12010009Developmental Impacts of Epigenetics and Metabolism in COVID-19Noopur Naik0Mansi Patel1Rwik Sen2Department of Molecular, Cellular & Developmental Biology, University of Colorado Boulder, Boulder, CO 80309, USAInstitute of Genomics and Integrative Biology, Delhi 110007, IndiaActive Motif, Inc., Carlsbad, CA 92008, USADevelopmental biology is intricately regulated by epigenetics and metabolism but the mechanisms are not completely understood. The situation becomes even more complicated during diseases where all three phenomena are dysregulated. A salient example is COVID-19, where the death toll exceeded 6.96 million in 4 years, while the virus continues to mutate into different variants and infect people. Early evidence during the pandemic showed that the host’s immune and inflammatory responses to COVID-19 (like the cytokine storm) impacted the host’s metabolism, causing damage to the host’s organs and overall physiology. The involvement of angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (<i>ACE2</i>), the pivotal host receptor for the SARS-CoV-2 virus, was identified and linked to epigenetic abnormalities along with other contributing factors. Recently, studies have revealed stronger connections between epigenetics and metabolism in COVID-19 that impact development and accelerate aging. Patients manifest systemic toxicity, immune dysfunction and multi-organ failure. Single-cell multiomics and other state-of-the-art high-throughput studies are only just beginning to demonstrate the extent of dysregulation and damage. As epigenetics and metabolism directly impact development, there is a crucial need for research implementing cutting-edge technology, next-generation sequencing, bioinformatics analysis, the identification of biomarkers and clinical trials to help with prevention and therapeutic interventions against similar threats in the future.https://www.mdpi.com/2221-3759/12/1/9epigeneticsmetabolic reprogrammingsystemic toxicitydiabetes mellitushyperglycemiaglucose metabolism |
| spellingShingle | Noopur Naik Mansi Patel Rwik Sen Developmental Impacts of Epigenetics and Metabolism in COVID-19 Journal of Developmental Biology epigenetics metabolic reprogramming systemic toxicity diabetes mellitus hyperglycemia glucose metabolism |
| title | Developmental Impacts of Epigenetics and Metabolism in COVID-19 |
| title_full | Developmental Impacts of Epigenetics and Metabolism in COVID-19 |
| title_fullStr | Developmental Impacts of Epigenetics and Metabolism in COVID-19 |
| title_full_unstemmed | Developmental Impacts of Epigenetics and Metabolism in COVID-19 |
| title_short | Developmental Impacts of Epigenetics and Metabolism in COVID-19 |
| title_sort | developmental impacts of epigenetics and metabolism in covid 19 |
| topic | epigenetics metabolic reprogramming systemic toxicity diabetes mellitus hyperglycemia glucose metabolism |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2221-3759/12/1/9 |
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