The ABCT31 Transporter Regulates the Export System of Phenylacetic Acid as a Side-Chain Precursor of Penicillin G in Monascus ruber M7
The biosynthesis of penicillin G (PG) is compartmentalized, and the transportation of the end and intermediate products, and substrates (precursors) such as L-cysteine (L-Cys), L-valine (L-Val) and phenylacetic acid (PAA) requires traversing membrane barriers. However, the transportation system of P...
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| Format: | Article |
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Frontiers Media S.A.
2022-07-01
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| Series: | Frontiers in Microbiology |
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| Online Access: | https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fmicb.2022.915721/full |
| _version_ | 1818162071017095168 |
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| author | Rabia Ramzan Rabia Ramzan Rabia Ramzan Muhammad Safiullah Virk Muhammad Safiullah Virk Fusheng Chen Fusheng Chen |
| author_facet | Rabia Ramzan Rabia Ramzan Rabia Ramzan Muhammad Safiullah Virk Muhammad Safiullah Virk Fusheng Chen Fusheng Chen |
| author_sort | Rabia Ramzan |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | The biosynthesis of penicillin G (PG) is compartmentalized, and the transportation of the end and intermediate products, and substrates (precursors) such as L-cysteine (L-Cys), L-valine (L-Val) and phenylacetic acid (PAA) requires traversing membrane barriers. However, the transportation system of PAA as a side chain of PG are unclear yet. To discover ABC transporters (ABCTs) involved in the transportation of PAA, the expression levels of 38 ABCT genes in the genome of Monascus ruber M7, culturing with and without PAA, were examined, and found that one abct gene, namely abct31, was considerably up-regulated with PAA, indicating that abct31 may be relative with PAA transportation. Furthermore the disruption of abct31 was carried out, and the effects of two PG substrate's amino acids (L-Cys and L-Val), PAA and some other weak acids on the morphologies and production of secondary metabolites (SMs) of Δabct31 and M. ruber M7, were performed through feeding experiments. The results revealed that L-Cys, L-Val and PAA substantially impacted the morphologies and SMs production of Δabct31 and M. ruber M7. The UPLC-MS/MS analysis findings demonstrated that Δabct31 did not interrupt the synthesis of PG in M. ruber M7. According to the results, it suggests that abct31 is involved in the resistance and detoxification of the weak acids, including the PAA in M. ruber M7. |
| first_indexed | 2024-12-11T16:27:50Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-4992586451474d6589693fa871ebb8f7 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1664-302X |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-12-11T16:27:50Z |
| publishDate | 2022-07-01 |
| publisher | Frontiers Media S.A. |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Frontiers in Microbiology |
| spelling | doaj.art-4992586451474d6589693fa871ebb8f72022-12-22T00:58:40ZengFrontiers Media S.A.Frontiers in Microbiology1664-302X2022-07-011310.3389/fmicb.2022.915721915721The ABCT31 Transporter Regulates the Export System of Phenylacetic Acid as a Side-Chain Precursor of Penicillin G in Monascus ruber M7Rabia Ramzan0Rabia Ramzan1Rabia Ramzan2Muhammad Safiullah Virk3Muhammad Safiullah Virk4Fusheng Chen5Fusheng Chen6Hubei International Scientific and Technological Cooperation Base of Traditional Fermented Foods, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, ChinaCollege of Food Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, ChinaDepartment of Food Science and Technology, Government College Women University, Faisalabad, PakistanHubei International Scientific and Technological Cooperation Base of Traditional Fermented Foods, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, ChinaCollege of Food Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, ChinaHubei International Scientific and Technological Cooperation Base of Traditional Fermented Foods, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, ChinaCollege of Food Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, ChinaThe biosynthesis of penicillin G (PG) is compartmentalized, and the transportation of the end and intermediate products, and substrates (precursors) such as L-cysteine (L-Cys), L-valine (L-Val) and phenylacetic acid (PAA) requires traversing membrane barriers. However, the transportation system of PAA as a side chain of PG are unclear yet. To discover ABC transporters (ABCTs) involved in the transportation of PAA, the expression levels of 38 ABCT genes in the genome of Monascus ruber M7, culturing with and without PAA, were examined, and found that one abct gene, namely abct31, was considerably up-regulated with PAA, indicating that abct31 may be relative with PAA transportation. Furthermore the disruption of abct31 was carried out, and the effects of two PG substrate's amino acids (L-Cys and L-Val), PAA and some other weak acids on the morphologies and production of secondary metabolites (SMs) of Δabct31 and M. ruber M7, were performed through feeding experiments. The results revealed that L-Cys, L-Val and PAA substantially impacted the morphologies and SMs production of Δabct31 and M. ruber M7. The UPLC-MS/MS analysis findings demonstrated that Δabct31 did not interrupt the synthesis of PG in M. ruber M7. According to the results, it suggests that abct31 is involved in the resistance and detoxification of the weak acids, including the PAA in M. ruber M7.https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fmicb.2022.915721/fullABC transportersecondary metabolitesphenylacetic acidamino acidweak acid |
| spellingShingle | Rabia Ramzan Rabia Ramzan Rabia Ramzan Muhammad Safiullah Virk Muhammad Safiullah Virk Fusheng Chen Fusheng Chen The ABCT31 Transporter Regulates the Export System of Phenylacetic Acid as a Side-Chain Precursor of Penicillin G in Monascus ruber M7 Frontiers in Microbiology ABC transporter secondary metabolites phenylacetic acid amino acid weak acid |
| title | The ABCT31 Transporter Regulates the Export System of Phenylacetic Acid as a Side-Chain Precursor of Penicillin G in Monascus ruber M7 |
| title_full | The ABCT31 Transporter Regulates the Export System of Phenylacetic Acid as a Side-Chain Precursor of Penicillin G in Monascus ruber M7 |
| title_fullStr | The ABCT31 Transporter Regulates the Export System of Phenylacetic Acid as a Side-Chain Precursor of Penicillin G in Monascus ruber M7 |
| title_full_unstemmed | The ABCT31 Transporter Regulates the Export System of Phenylacetic Acid as a Side-Chain Precursor of Penicillin G in Monascus ruber M7 |
| title_short | The ABCT31 Transporter Regulates the Export System of Phenylacetic Acid as a Side-Chain Precursor of Penicillin G in Monascus ruber M7 |
| title_sort | abct31 transporter regulates the export system of phenylacetic acid as a side chain precursor of penicillin g in monascus ruber m7 |
| topic | ABC transporter secondary metabolites phenylacetic acid amino acid weak acid |
| url | https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fmicb.2022.915721/full |
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