High-Frame-Rate Doppler Ultrasound Using a Repeated Transmit Sequence
The maximum detectable velocity of high-frame-rate color flow Doppler ultrasound is limited by the imaging frame rate when using coherent compounding techniques. Traditionally, high quality ultrasonic images are produced at a high frame rate via coherent compounding of steered plane wave reconstruct...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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MDPI AG
2018-02-01
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| Series: | Applied Sciences |
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| Online Access: | http://www.mdpi.com/2076-3417/8/2/227 |
| _version_ | 1818084222987927552 |
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| author | Anthony S. Podkowa Michael L. Oelze Jeffrey A. Ketterling |
| author_facet | Anthony S. Podkowa Michael L. Oelze Jeffrey A. Ketterling |
| author_sort | Anthony S. Podkowa |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | The maximum detectable velocity of high-frame-rate color flow Doppler ultrasound is limited by the imaging frame rate when using coherent compounding techniques. Traditionally, high quality ultrasonic images are produced at a high frame rate via coherent compounding of steered plane wave reconstructions. However, this compounding operation results in an effective downsampling of the slow-time signal, thereby artificially reducing the frame rate. To alleviate this effect, a new transmit sequence is introduced where each transmit angle is repeated in succession. This transmit sequence allows for direct comparison between low resolution, pre-compounded frames at a short time interval in ways that are resistent to sidelobe motion. Use of this transmit sequence increases the maximum detectable velocity by a scale factor of the transmit sequence length. The performance of this new transmit sequence was evaluated using a rotating cylindrical phantom and compared with traditional methods using a 15-MHz linear array transducer. Axial velocity estimates were recorded for a range of ± 300 mm/s and compared to the known ground truth. Using these new techniques, the root mean square error was reduced from over 400 mm/s to below 50 mm/s in the high-velocity regime compared to traditional techniques. The standard deviation of the velocity estimate in the same velocity range was reduced from 250 mm/s to 30 mm/s. This result demonstrates the viability of the repeated transmit sequence methods in detecting and quantifying high-velocity flow. |
| first_indexed | 2024-12-10T19:50:28Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-499d23fb375542efb93ffb0a285a8a79 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2076-3417 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-12-10T19:50:28Z |
| publishDate | 2018-02-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Applied Sciences |
| spelling | doaj.art-499d23fb375542efb93ffb0a285a8a792022-12-22T01:35:48ZengMDPI AGApplied Sciences2076-34172018-02-018222710.3390/app8020227app8020227High-Frame-Rate Doppler Ultrasound Using a Repeated Transmit SequenceAnthony S. Podkowa0Michael L. Oelze1Jeffrey A. Ketterling2Beckman Institute, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL 61801, USABeckman Institute, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL 61801, USALizzi Center for Biomedical Engineering, Riverside Research Institute, New York, NY 10038, USAThe maximum detectable velocity of high-frame-rate color flow Doppler ultrasound is limited by the imaging frame rate when using coherent compounding techniques. Traditionally, high quality ultrasonic images are produced at a high frame rate via coherent compounding of steered plane wave reconstructions. However, this compounding operation results in an effective downsampling of the slow-time signal, thereby artificially reducing the frame rate. To alleviate this effect, a new transmit sequence is introduced where each transmit angle is repeated in succession. This transmit sequence allows for direct comparison between low resolution, pre-compounded frames at a short time interval in ways that are resistent to sidelobe motion. Use of this transmit sequence increases the maximum detectable velocity by a scale factor of the transmit sequence length. The performance of this new transmit sequence was evaluated using a rotating cylindrical phantom and compared with traditional methods using a 15-MHz linear array transducer. Axial velocity estimates were recorded for a range of ± 300 mm/s and compared to the known ground truth. Using these new techniques, the root mean square error was reduced from over 400 mm/s to below 50 mm/s in the high-velocity regime compared to traditional techniques. The standard deviation of the velocity estimate in the same velocity range was reduced from 250 mm/s to 30 mm/s. This result demonstrates the viability of the repeated transmit sequence methods in detecting and quantifying high-velocity flow.http://www.mdpi.com/2076-3417/8/2/227color flow dopplerhigh-frequency ultrasoundplane-wave imagingNyquist velocitymultirate signal processing |
| spellingShingle | Anthony S. Podkowa Michael L. Oelze Jeffrey A. Ketterling High-Frame-Rate Doppler Ultrasound Using a Repeated Transmit Sequence Applied Sciences color flow doppler high-frequency ultrasound plane-wave imaging Nyquist velocity multirate signal processing |
| title | High-Frame-Rate Doppler Ultrasound Using a Repeated Transmit Sequence |
| title_full | High-Frame-Rate Doppler Ultrasound Using a Repeated Transmit Sequence |
| title_fullStr | High-Frame-Rate Doppler Ultrasound Using a Repeated Transmit Sequence |
| title_full_unstemmed | High-Frame-Rate Doppler Ultrasound Using a Repeated Transmit Sequence |
| title_short | High-Frame-Rate Doppler Ultrasound Using a Repeated Transmit Sequence |
| title_sort | high frame rate doppler ultrasound using a repeated transmit sequence |
| topic | color flow doppler high-frequency ultrasound plane-wave imaging Nyquist velocity multirate signal processing |
| url | http://www.mdpi.com/2076-3417/8/2/227 |
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