Transcriptional Expression of Nitrogen Metabolism Genes and Primary Metabolic Variations in Rice Affected by Different Water Status
The era of climate change strongly requires higher efficiency of energies, such as light, water, nutrients, etc., during crop production. Rice is the world’s greatest water-consuming plant, and, thus, water-saving practices such as alternative wetting and drying (AWD) are widely recommended worldwid...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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MDPI AG
2023-04-01
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| Series: | Plants |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2223-7747/12/8/1649 |
| _version_ | 1827743889369333760 |
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| author | Gahyun Kim Jwakyung Sung |
| author_facet | Gahyun Kim Jwakyung Sung |
| author_sort | Gahyun Kim |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | The era of climate change strongly requires higher efficiency of energies, such as light, water, nutrients, etc., during crop production. Rice is the world’s greatest water-consuming plant, and, thus, water-saving practices such as alternative wetting and drying (AWD) are widely recommended worldwide. However the AWD still has concerns such as lower tillering, shallow rooting, and an unexpected water deficit. The AWD is a possibility to not only save water consumption but also utilize various nitrogen forms from the soil. The current study tried to investigate the transcriptional expression of genes in relation to the acquisition-transportation-assimilation process of nitrogen using qRT-PCR at the tillering and heading stages and to profile tissue-specific primary metabolites. We employed two water supply systems, continuous flooding (CF) and alternative wetting and drying (AWD), during rice growth (seeding to heading). The AWD system is effective at acquiring soil nitrate; however, nitrogen assimilation was predominant in the root during the shift from the vegetative to the reproductive stage. In addition, as a result of the greater amino acids in the shoot, the AWD was likely to rearrange amino acid pools to produce proteins in accordance with phase transition. Accordingly, it is suggested that the AWD 1) actively acquired nitrate from soil and 2) resulted in an abundance of amino acid pools, which are considered a rearrangement under limited N availability. Based on the current study, further steps are necessary to evaluate form-dependent N metabolism and root development under the AWD condition and a possible practice in the rice production system. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-11T04:35:57Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-49a0c4b0eafc4eaa8d4f0a06354d03bf |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2223-7747 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-11T04:35:57Z |
| publishDate | 2023-04-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Plants |
| spelling | doaj.art-49a0c4b0eafc4eaa8d4f0a06354d03bf2023-11-17T20:59:42ZengMDPI AGPlants2223-77472023-04-01128164910.3390/plants12081649Transcriptional Expression of Nitrogen Metabolism Genes and Primary Metabolic Variations in Rice Affected by Different Water StatusGahyun Kim0Jwakyung Sung1Department of Crop Science, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju 28644, Republic of KoreaDepartment of Crop Science, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju 28644, Republic of KoreaThe era of climate change strongly requires higher efficiency of energies, such as light, water, nutrients, etc., during crop production. Rice is the world’s greatest water-consuming plant, and, thus, water-saving practices such as alternative wetting and drying (AWD) are widely recommended worldwide. However the AWD still has concerns such as lower tillering, shallow rooting, and an unexpected water deficit. The AWD is a possibility to not only save water consumption but also utilize various nitrogen forms from the soil. The current study tried to investigate the transcriptional expression of genes in relation to the acquisition-transportation-assimilation process of nitrogen using qRT-PCR at the tillering and heading stages and to profile tissue-specific primary metabolites. We employed two water supply systems, continuous flooding (CF) and alternative wetting and drying (AWD), during rice growth (seeding to heading). The AWD system is effective at acquiring soil nitrate; however, nitrogen assimilation was predominant in the root during the shift from the vegetative to the reproductive stage. In addition, as a result of the greater amino acids in the shoot, the AWD was likely to rearrange amino acid pools to produce proteins in accordance with phase transition. Accordingly, it is suggested that the AWD 1) actively acquired nitrate from soil and 2) resulted in an abundance of amino acid pools, which are considered a rearrangement under limited N availability. Based on the current study, further steps are necessary to evaluate form-dependent N metabolism and root development under the AWD condition and a possible practice in the rice production system.https://www.mdpi.com/2223-7747/12/8/1649ricewater managementnitrogen metabolism genesprimary metabolites |
| spellingShingle | Gahyun Kim Jwakyung Sung Transcriptional Expression of Nitrogen Metabolism Genes and Primary Metabolic Variations in Rice Affected by Different Water Status Plants rice water management nitrogen metabolism genes primary metabolites |
| title | Transcriptional Expression of Nitrogen Metabolism Genes and Primary Metabolic Variations in Rice Affected by Different Water Status |
| title_full | Transcriptional Expression of Nitrogen Metabolism Genes and Primary Metabolic Variations in Rice Affected by Different Water Status |
| title_fullStr | Transcriptional Expression of Nitrogen Metabolism Genes and Primary Metabolic Variations in Rice Affected by Different Water Status |
| title_full_unstemmed | Transcriptional Expression of Nitrogen Metabolism Genes and Primary Metabolic Variations in Rice Affected by Different Water Status |
| title_short | Transcriptional Expression of Nitrogen Metabolism Genes and Primary Metabolic Variations in Rice Affected by Different Water Status |
| title_sort | transcriptional expression of nitrogen metabolism genes and primary metabolic variations in rice affected by different water status |
| topic | rice water management nitrogen metabolism genes primary metabolites |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2223-7747/12/8/1649 |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT gahyunkim transcriptionalexpressionofnitrogenmetabolismgenesandprimarymetabolicvariationsinriceaffectedbydifferentwaterstatus AT jwakyungsung transcriptionalexpressionofnitrogenmetabolismgenesandprimarymetabolicvariationsinriceaffectedbydifferentwaterstatus |