Pharmaceuticals are identified in insects in River Fyris – A study with both tandem quadrupole and quadrupole-time-of-flight mass spectrometry
The internal concentrations of active pharmaceutical compounds in insects/macroinvertebrates in River Fyris, Uppsala, Sweden, have for the first time been investigated. Specimen of backswimmer, caddisfly larva, damselfly larva, mayfly larva and water louse were caught in the river downstream a waste...
| Main Authors: | , , , |
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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Elsevier
2022-07-01
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| Series: | Environmental Advances |
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| Online Access: | http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2666765722000308 |
| _version_ | 1818470502746816512 |
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| author | Emelie Sedvall Jerker Fick Curt Pettersson Mikael Hedeland |
| author_facet | Emelie Sedvall Jerker Fick Curt Pettersson Mikael Hedeland |
| author_sort | Emelie Sedvall |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | The internal concentrations of active pharmaceutical compounds in insects/macroinvertebrates in River Fyris, Uppsala, Sweden, have for the first time been investigated. Specimen of backswimmer, caddisfly larva, damselfly larva, mayfly larva and water louse were caught in the river downstream a waste-water treatment plant. After homogenization and extraction, analysis was carried out with Ultra-High Performance Liquid Chromatography – Electrospray – Tandem Mass Spectrometry (UHPLC-ESI-MS/MS) using both a tandem quadrupole (QqQ) and a quadrupole-time-of-flight (qToF) mass spectrometer. A combined qualitative/quantitative screening method for 89 pharmaceutical compounds in the selective reaction monitoring mode was applied to the samples using the QqQ instrument. Thirty-three different drugs were detected and quantified in the macroinvertebrate samples, covering a wide range of pharmacological classes, the most common being antidepressants, psycholeptics and antihistamines. Drug concentrations up to 260 ng/g (for tetracycline) were determined. A subset of thirteen compounds were selected for a complementary qualitative UHPLC-qToF-MS/MS analysis. This way, the confidence in the substance identifications was significantly strengthened by the availability of full scan high-resolution spectra and accurate mass measurements. This is the first study demonstrating the uptake of pharmaceuticals in water-living macroinvertebrates in Sweden. Since these organisms are in the lower part of the food chain, pharmaceuticals might accumulate in predators leading to ecotoxicological effect at higher trophic levels. Macroinvertebrates might be promising indicator organisms for pharmaceutical pollution. |
| first_indexed | 2024-04-13T21:38:41Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-49b7cca661bd44d092884b94c412b8e0 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2666-7657 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-04-13T21:38:41Z |
| publishDate | 2022-07-01 |
| publisher | Elsevier |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Environmental Advances |
| spelling | doaj.art-49b7cca661bd44d092884b94c412b8e02022-12-22T02:28:51ZengElsevierEnvironmental Advances2666-76572022-07-018100194Pharmaceuticals are identified in insects in River Fyris – A study with both tandem quadrupole and quadrupole-time-of-flight mass spectrometryEmelie Sedvall0Jerker Fick1Curt Pettersson2Mikael Hedeland3Uppsala University, Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Analytical Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Uppsala, SwedenDepartment of Chemistry, Umeå University, Umeå, SwedenUppsala University, Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Analytical Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Uppsala, SwedenUppsala University, Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Analytical Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Uppsala, Sweden; Corresponding author.The internal concentrations of active pharmaceutical compounds in insects/macroinvertebrates in River Fyris, Uppsala, Sweden, have for the first time been investigated. Specimen of backswimmer, caddisfly larva, damselfly larva, mayfly larva and water louse were caught in the river downstream a waste-water treatment plant. After homogenization and extraction, analysis was carried out with Ultra-High Performance Liquid Chromatography – Electrospray – Tandem Mass Spectrometry (UHPLC-ESI-MS/MS) using both a tandem quadrupole (QqQ) and a quadrupole-time-of-flight (qToF) mass spectrometer. A combined qualitative/quantitative screening method for 89 pharmaceutical compounds in the selective reaction monitoring mode was applied to the samples using the QqQ instrument. Thirty-three different drugs were detected and quantified in the macroinvertebrate samples, covering a wide range of pharmacological classes, the most common being antidepressants, psycholeptics and antihistamines. Drug concentrations up to 260 ng/g (for tetracycline) were determined. A subset of thirteen compounds were selected for a complementary qualitative UHPLC-qToF-MS/MS analysis. This way, the confidence in the substance identifications was significantly strengthened by the availability of full scan high-resolution spectra and accurate mass measurements. This is the first study demonstrating the uptake of pharmaceuticals in water-living macroinvertebrates in Sweden. Since these organisms are in the lower part of the food chain, pharmaceuticals might accumulate in predators leading to ecotoxicological effect at higher trophic levels. Macroinvertebrates might be promising indicator organisms for pharmaceutical pollution.http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2666765722000308PharmaceuticalsInsectsMacroinvertebratesInternal concentrationMass spectrometryLiquid chromatography |
| spellingShingle | Emelie Sedvall Jerker Fick Curt Pettersson Mikael Hedeland Pharmaceuticals are identified in insects in River Fyris – A study with both tandem quadrupole and quadrupole-time-of-flight mass spectrometry Environmental Advances Pharmaceuticals Insects Macroinvertebrates Internal concentration Mass spectrometry Liquid chromatography |
| title | Pharmaceuticals are identified in insects in River Fyris – A study with both tandem quadrupole and quadrupole-time-of-flight mass spectrometry |
| title_full | Pharmaceuticals are identified in insects in River Fyris – A study with both tandem quadrupole and quadrupole-time-of-flight mass spectrometry |
| title_fullStr | Pharmaceuticals are identified in insects in River Fyris – A study with both tandem quadrupole and quadrupole-time-of-flight mass spectrometry |
| title_full_unstemmed | Pharmaceuticals are identified in insects in River Fyris – A study with both tandem quadrupole and quadrupole-time-of-flight mass spectrometry |
| title_short | Pharmaceuticals are identified in insects in River Fyris – A study with both tandem quadrupole and quadrupole-time-of-flight mass spectrometry |
| title_sort | pharmaceuticals are identified in insects in river fyris a study with both tandem quadrupole and quadrupole time of flight mass spectrometry |
| topic | Pharmaceuticals Insects Macroinvertebrates Internal concentration Mass spectrometry Liquid chromatography |
| url | http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2666765722000308 |
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