Hypothermia-Mediated Apoptosis and Inflammation Contribute to Antioxidant and Immune Adaption in Freshwater Drum, <i>Aplodinotus grunniens</i>
Hypothermia-exposure-induced oxidative stress dysregulates cell fate and perturbs cellular homeostasis and function, thereby disturbing fish health. To evaluate the impact of hypothermia on the freshwater drum (<i>Aplodinotus grunniens</i>), an 8-day experiment was conducted at 25 °C (co...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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MDPI AG
2022-08-01
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| Series: | Antioxidants |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2076-3921/11/9/1657 |
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| author | Jianxiang Chen Hongxia Li Pao Xu Yongkai Tang Shenyan Su Guangxiang Liu Ningyuan Wu Miaomiao Xue Fan Yu Wenrong Feng Changyou Song Haibo Wen |
| author_facet | Jianxiang Chen Hongxia Li Pao Xu Yongkai Tang Shenyan Su Guangxiang Liu Ningyuan Wu Miaomiao Xue Fan Yu Wenrong Feng Changyou Song Haibo Wen |
| author_sort | Jianxiang Chen |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Hypothermia-exposure-induced oxidative stress dysregulates cell fate and perturbs cellular homeostasis and function, thereby disturbing fish health. To evaluate the impact of hypothermia on the freshwater drum (<i>Aplodinotus grunniens</i>), an 8-day experiment was conducted at 25 °C (control group, Con), 18 °C (LT18), and 10 °C (LT10) for 0 h, 8 h, 1 d, 2 d, and 8 d. Antioxidant and non-specific immune parameters reveal hypothermia induced oxidative stress and immunosuppression. Liver ultrastructure alterations indicate hypothermia induced mitochondrial enlargement, nucleoli aggregation, and lipid droplet accumulation under hypothermia exposure. With the analysis of the transcriptome, differentially expressed genes (DEGs) induced by hypothermia were mainly involved in metabolism, immunity and inflammation, programmed cell death, and disease. Furthermore, the inflammatory response and apoptosis were evoked by hypothermia exposure in different immune organs. Interactively, apoptosis and inflammation in immune organs were correlated with antioxidation and immunity suppression induced by hypothermia exposure. In conclusion, these results suggest hypothermia-induced inflammation and apoptosis, which might be the adaptive mechanism of antioxidation and immunity in the freshwater drum. These findings contribute to helping us better understand how freshwater drum adjust to hypothermia stress. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-10T00:53:39Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-49bb2293544f4fb39924de3130848e30 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2076-3921 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-10T00:53:39Z |
| publishDate | 2022-08-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Antioxidants |
| spelling | doaj.art-49bb2293544f4fb39924de3130848e302023-11-23T14:46:47ZengMDPI AGAntioxidants2076-39212022-08-01119165710.3390/antiox11091657Hypothermia-Mediated Apoptosis and Inflammation Contribute to Antioxidant and Immune Adaption in Freshwater Drum, <i>Aplodinotus grunniens</i>Jianxiang Chen0Hongxia Li1Pao Xu2Yongkai Tang3Shenyan Su4Guangxiang Liu5Ningyuan Wu6Miaomiao Xue7Fan Yu8Wenrong Feng9Changyou Song10Haibo Wen11Wuxi Fisheries College, Nanjing Agricultural University, Wuxi 214081, ChinaWuxi Fisheries College, Nanjing Agricultural University, Wuxi 214081, ChinaWuxi Fisheries College, Nanjing Agricultural University, Wuxi 214081, ChinaWuxi Fisheries College, Nanjing Agricultural University, Wuxi 214081, ChinaWuxi Fisheries College, Nanjing Agricultural University, Wuxi 214081, ChinaWuxi Fisheries College, Nanjing Agricultural University, Wuxi 214081, ChinaWuxi Fisheries College, Nanjing Agricultural University, Wuxi 214081, ChinaWuxi Fisheries College, Nanjing Agricultural University, Wuxi 214081, ChinaWuxi Fisheries College, Nanjing Agricultural University, Wuxi 214081, ChinaWuxi Fisheries College, Nanjing Agricultural University, Wuxi 214081, ChinaWuxi Fisheries College, Nanjing Agricultural University, Wuxi 214081, ChinaWuxi Fisheries College, Nanjing Agricultural University, Wuxi 214081, ChinaHypothermia-exposure-induced oxidative stress dysregulates cell fate and perturbs cellular homeostasis and function, thereby disturbing fish health. To evaluate the impact of hypothermia on the freshwater drum (<i>Aplodinotus grunniens</i>), an 8-day experiment was conducted at 25 °C (control group, Con), 18 °C (LT18), and 10 °C (LT10) for 0 h, 8 h, 1 d, 2 d, and 8 d. Antioxidant and non-specific immune parameters reveal hypothermia induced oxidative stress and immunosuppression. Liver ultrastructure alterations indicate hypothermia induced mitochondrial enlargement, nucleoli aggregation, and lipid droplet accumulation under hypothermia exposure. With the analysis of the transcriptome, differentially expressed genes (DEGs) induced by hypothermia were mainly involved in metabolism, immunity and inflammation, programmed cell death, and disease. Furthermore, the inflammatory response and apoptosis were evoked by hypothermia exposure in different immune organs. Interactively, apoptosis and inflammation in immune organs were correlated with antioxidation and immunity suppression induced by hypothermia exposure. In conclusion, these results suggest hypothermia-induced inflammation and apoptosis, which might be the adaptive mechanism of antioxidation and immunity in the freshwater drum. These findings contribute to helping us better understand how freshwater drum adjust to hypothermia stress.https://www.mdpi.com/2076-3921/11/9/1657hypothermiaoxidative stressimmunityinflammationapoptosisfreshwater drum |
| spellingShingle | Jianxiang Chen Hongxia Li Pao Xu Yongkai Tang Shenyan Su Guangxiang Liu Ningyuan Wu Miaomiao Xue Fan Yu Wenrong Feng Changyou Song Haibo Wen Hypothermia-Mediated Apoptosis and Inflammation Contribute to Antioxidant and Immune Adaption in Freshwater Drum, <i>Aplodinotus grunniens</i> Antioxidants hypothermia oxidative stress immunity inflammation apoptosis freshwater drum |
| title | Hypothermia-Mediated Apoptosis and Inflammation Contribute to Antioxidant and Immune Adaption in Freshwater Drum, <i>Aplodinotus grunniens</i> |
| title_full | Hypothermia-Mediated Apoptosis and Inflammation Contribute to Antioxidant and Immune Adaption in Freshwater Drum, <i>Aplodinotus grunniens</i> |
| title_fullStr | Hypothermia-Mediated Apoptosis and Inflammation Contribute to Antioxidant and Immune Adaption in Freshwater Drum, <i>Aplodinotus grunniens</i> |
| title_full_unstemmed | Hypothermia-Mediated Apoptosis and Inflammation Contribute to Antioxidant and Immune Adaption in Freshwater Drum, <i>Aplodinotus grunniens</i> |
| title_short | Hypothermia-Mediated Apoptosis and Inflammation Contribute to Antioxidant and Immune Adaption in Freshwater Drum, <i>Aplodinotus grunniens</i> |
| title_sort | hypothermia mediated apoptosis and inflammation contribute to antioxidant and immune adaption in freshwater drum i aplodinotus grunniens i |
| topic | hypothermia oxidative stress immunity inflammation apoptosis freshwater drum |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2076-3921/11/9/1657 |
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