An Effective and Efficient Enhanced Fixed Rank Smoothing Method for the Spatiotemporal Fusion of Multiple-Satellite Aerosol Optical Depth Products
Current reported spatiotemporal solutions for fusing multisensor aerosol optical depth (AOD) products used to recover gaps either suffer from unacceptable accuracy levels, i.e., fixed rank smooth (FRS), or high time costs, i.e., Bayesian maximum entropy (BME). This problem is generally more serious...
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| Format: | Article |
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MDPI AG
2020-03-01
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| Series: | Remote Sensing |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2072-4292/12/7/1102 |
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| author | Bin Zou Ning Liu Wei Wang Huihui Feng Xiangping Liu Yan Lin |
| author_facet | Bin Zou Ning Liu Wei Wang Huihui Feng Xiangping Liu Yan Lin |
| author_sort | Bin Zou |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Current reported spatiotemporal solutions for fusing multisensor aerosol optical depth (AOD) products used to recover gaps either suffer from unacceptable accuracy levels, i.e., fixed rank smooth (FRS), or high time costs, i.e., Bayesian maximum entropy (BME). This problem is generally more serious when dealing with multiple AOD products in a long time series or over large geographic areas. This study proposes a new, effective, and efficient enhanced FRS method (FRS-EE) to fuse satellite AOD products with uncertainty constraints. AOD products used in the fusion experiment include Moderate Resolution Imaging SpectroRadiometer (MODIS) DB/DT_DB_Combined AOD and Multiangle Imaging SpectroRadiometer (MISR) AOD across mainland China from 2016 to 2017. Results show that the average completeness of original, initial FRS fused, and FRS-EE fused AODs with uncertainty constraints are 22.80%, 95.18%, and 65.84%, respectively. Although the correlation coefficient (R = 0.77), root mean square error (RMSE = 0.30), and mean bias (Bias = 0.023) of the initial FRS fused AODs are relatively lower than those of original AODs compared to Aerosol Robotic Network (AERONET) AOD records, the accuracy of FRS-EE fused AODs, which are R = 0.88, RMSE = 0.20, and Bias = 0.022, is obviously improved. More importantly, in regions with fully missing original AODs, the accuracy of FRS-EE fused AODs is close to that of original AODs in regions with valid retrievals. Meanwhile, the time cost of FRS-EE for AOD fusion was only 2.91 h; obviously lower than the 30.46 months taken for BME. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-10T20:47:44Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-49d074be5e7f4a1bb1c991b511c1c72c |
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| issn | 2072-4292 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-10T20:47:44Z |
| publishDate | 2020-03-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Remote Sensing |
| spelling | doaj.art-49d074be5e7f4a1bb1c991b511c1c72c2023-11-19T20:11:50ZengMDPI AGRemote Sensing2072-42922020-03-01127110210.3390/rs12071102An Effective and Efficient Enhanced Fixed Rank Smoothing Method for the Spatiotemporal Fusion of Multiple-Satellite Aerosol Optical Depth ProductsBin Zou0Ning Liu1Wei Wang2Huihui Feng3Xiangping Liu4Yan Lin5School of Geosciences and Info-Physics, Central South University, Changsha 410083, Hunan, ChinaSchool of Geosciences and Info-Physics, Central South University, Changsha 410083, Hunan, ChinaSchool of Geosciences and Info-Physics, Central South University, Changsha 410083, Hunan, ChinaSchool of Geosciences and Info-Physics, Central South University, Changsha 410083, Hunan, ChinaSchool of Geosciences and Info-Physics, Central South University, Changsha 410083, Hunan, ChinaDepartment of Geography and Environmental Studies, University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, NM 87131, USACurrent reported spatiotemporal solutions for fusing multisensor aerosol optical depth (AOD) products used to recover gaps either suffer from unacceptable accuracy levels, i.e., fixed rank smooth (FRS), or high time costs, i.e., Bayesian maximum entropy (BME). This problem is generally more serious when dealing with multiple AOD products in a long time series or over large geographic areas. This study proposes a new, effective, and efficient enhanced FRS method (FRS-EE) to fuse satellite AOD products with uncertainty constraints. AOD products used in the fusion experiment include Moderate Resolution Imaging SpectroRadiometer (MODIS) DB/DT_DB_Combined AOD and Multiangle Imaging SpectroRadiometer (MISR) AOD across mainland China from 2016 to 2017. Results show that the average completeness of original, initial FRS fused, and FRS-EE fused AODs with uncertainty constraints are 22.80%, 95.18%, and 65.84%, respectively. Although the correlation coefficient (R = 0.77), root mean square error (RMSE = 0.30), and mean bias (Bias = 0.023) of the initial FRS fused AODs are relatively lower than those of original AODs compared to Aerosol Robotic Network (AERONET) AOD records, the accuracy of FRS-EE fused AODs, which are R = 0.88, RMSE = 0.20, and Bias = 0.022, is obviously improved. More importantly, in regions with fully missing original AODs, the accuracy of FRS-EE fused AODs is close to that of original AODs in regions with valid retrievals. Meanwhile, the time cost of FRS-EE for AOD fusion was only 2.91 h; obviously lower than the 30.46 months taken for BME.https://www.mdpi.com/2072-4292/12/7/1102aerosol fusionsatellite productsspatiotemporal fusioneffective and efficient |
| spellingShingle | Bin Zou Ning Liu Wei Wang Huihui Feng Xiangping Liu Yan Lin An Effective and Efficient Enhanced Fixed Rank Smoothing Method for the Spatiotemporal Fusion of Multiple-Satellite Aerosol Optical Depth Products Remote Sensing aerosol fusion satellite products spatiotemporal fusion effective and efficient |
| title | An Effective and Efficient Enhanced Fixed Rank Smoothing Method for the Spatiotemporal Fusion of Multiple-Satellite Aerosol Optical Depth Products |
| title_full | An Effective and Efficient Enhanced Fixed Rank Smoothing Method for the Spatiotemporal Fusion of Multiple-Satellite Aerosol Optical Depth Products |
| title_fullStr | An Effective and Efficient Enhanced Fixed Rank Smoothing Method for the Spatiotemporal Fusion of Multiple-Satellite Aerosol Optical Depth Products |
| title_full_unstemmed | An Effective and Efficient Enhanced Fixed Rank Smoothing Method for the Spatiotemporal Fusion of Multiple-Satellite Aerosol Optical Depth Products |
| title_short | An Effective and Efficient Enhanced Fixed Rank Smoothing Method for the Spatiotemporal Fusion of Multiple-Satellite Aerosol Optical Depth Products |
| title_sort | effective and efficient enhanced fixed rank smoothing method for the spatiotemporal fusion of multiple satellite aerosol optical depth products |
| topic | aerosol fusion satellite products spatiotemporal fusion effective and efficient |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2072-4292/12/7/1102 |
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