Inter-Calibration of Passive Microwave Satellite Brightness Temperatures Observed by F13 SSM/I and F17 SSMIS for the Retrieval of Snow Depth on Arctic First-Year Sea Ice
Passive microwave satellite brightness temperatures (TB) that were observed by the F13 Special Sensor Microwave/Imager (SSM/I) and the subsequent F17 Special Sensor Microwave Imager/Sounder (SSMIS) were inter-calibrated using empirical relationship models during their overlap period. Snow depth (SD)...
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MDPI AG
2017-12-01
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| Series: | Remote Sensing |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2072-4292/10/1/36 |
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| author | Qingquan Liu Qing Ji Xiaoping Pang Xin Gao Xi Zhao Ruibo Lei |
| author_facet | Qingquan Liu Qing Ji Xiaoping Pang Xin Gao Xi Zhao Ruibo Lei |
| author_sort | Qingquan Liu |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Passive microwave satellite brightness temperatures (TB) that were observed by the F13 Special Sensor Microwave/Imager (SSM/I) and the subsequent F17 Special Sensor Microwave Imager/Sounder (SSMIS) were inter-calibrated using empirical relationship models during their overlap period. Snow depth (SD) on the Arctic first-year sea ice was further retrieved. The SDs derived from F17 TB and F13C TB which were calibrated F17 TB using F13 TB as the baseline were then compared and evaluated against in situ SD measurements based on the Operational IceBridge (OIB) airborne observations from 2009 to 2013. Results show that Cavalieri inter-calibration models (CA models) perform smaller root mean square error (RMSE) than Dai inter-calibration models (DA models), and the standard deviation of OIB SDs in the 25 km pixels is around 6 cm on first-year sea ice. Moreover, the SDs derived from the calibrated F17 TB using F13 TB as the baseline were in better agreement than the F17 SDs as compared with OIB SDs, with the biases of −2 cm (RMSE of 5 cm) and −9 cm (RMSE of 10 cm), respectively. We conclude that TB observations from F17 SSMIS calibrated to F13 SSM/I as the baseline should be recommended when performing the sensors’ biases correction for SD purpose based on the existing algorithm. These findings could serve as a reference for generating more consistent and reliable TB, which could help to improve the retrieval and analysis of long-term snow depth on the Arctic first-year sea ice. |
| first_indexed | 2024-12-20T11:35:41Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-49e15f4666c240a186849eec9ab8759d |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2072-4292 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-12-20T11:35:41Z |
| publishDate | 2017-12-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Remote Sensing |
| spelling | doaj.art-49e15f4666c240a186849eec9ab8759d2022-12-21T19:42:07ZengMDPI AGRemote Sensing2072-42922017-12-011013610.3390/rs10010036rs10010036Inter-Calibration of Passive Microwave Satellite Brightness Temperatures Observed by F13 SSM/I and F17 SSMIS for the Retrieval of Snow Depth on Arctic First-Year Sea IceQingquan Liu0Qing Ji1Xiaoping Pang2Xin Gao3Xi Zhao4Ruibo Lei5Chinese Antarctic Center of Surveying and Mapping, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430079, ChinaChinese Antarctic Center of Surveying and Mapping, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430079, ChinaChinese Antarctic Center of Surveying and Mapping, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430079, ChinaSchool of Resource and Environmental Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430079, ChinaChinese Antarctic Center of Surveying and Mapping, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430079, ChinaKey Laboratory for Polar Science of the State Oceanic Administration, Polar Research Institute of China, Shanghai 200136, ChinaPassive microwave satellite brightness temperatures (TB) that were observed by the F13 Special Sensor Microwave/Imager (SSM/I) and the subsequent F17 Special Sensor Microwave Imager/Sounder (SSMIS) were inter-calibrated using empirical relationship models during their overlap period. Snow depth (SD) on the Arctic first-year sea ice was further retrieved. The SDs derived from F17 TB and F13C TB which were calibrated F17 TB using F13 TB as the baseline were then compared and evaluated against in situ SD measurements based on the Operational IceBridge (OIB) airborne observations from 2009 to 2013. Results show that Cavalieri inter-calibration models (CA models) perform smaller root mean square error (RMSE) than Dai inter-calibration models (DA models), and the standard deviation of OIB SDs in the 25 km pixels is around 6 cm on first-year sea ice. Moreover, the SDs derived from the calibrated F17 TB using F13 TB as the baseline were in better agreement than the F17 SDs as compared with OIB SDs, with the biases of −2 cm (RMSE of 5 cm) and −9 cm (RMSE of 10 cm), respectively. We conclude that TB observations from F17 SSMIS calibrated to F13 SSM/I as the baseline should be recommended when performing the sensors’ biases correction for SD purpose based on the existing algorithm. These findings could serve as a reference for generating more consistent and reliable TB, which could help to improve the retrieval and analysis of long-term snow depth on the Arctic first-year sea ice.https://www.mdpi.com/2072-4292/10/1/36snow depthSSM/ISSMISOperation IceBridgeArctic |
| spellingShingle | Qingquan Liu Qing Ji Xiaoping Pang Xin Gao Xi Zhao Ruibo Lei Inter-Calibration of Passive Microwave Satellite Brightness Temperatures Observed by F13 SSM/I and F17 SSMIS for the Retrieval of Snow Depth on Arctic First-Year Sea Ice Remote Sensing snow depth SSM/I SSMIS Operation IceBridge Arctic |
| title | Inter-Calibration of Passive Microwave Satellite Brightness Temperatures Observed by F13 SSM/I and F17 SSMIS for the Retrieval of Snow Depth on Arctic First-Year Sea Ice |
| title_full | Inter-Calibration of Passive Microwave Satellite Brightness Temperatures Observed by F13 SSM/I and F17 SSMIS for the Retrieval of Snow Depth on Arctic First-Year Sea Ice |
| title_fullStr | Inter-Calibration of Passive Microwave Satellite Brightness Temperatures Observed by F13 SSM/I and F17 SSMIS for the Retrieval of Snow Depth on Arctic First-Year Sea Ice |
| title_full_unstemmed | Inter-Calibration of Passive Microwave Satellite Brightness Temperatures Observed by F13 SSM/I and F17 SSMIS for the Retrieval of Snow Depth on Arctic First-Year Sea Ice |
| title_short | Inter-Calibration of Passive Microwave Satellite Brightness Temperatures Observed by F13 SSM/I and F17 SSMIS for the Retrieval of Snow Depth on Arctic First-Year Sea Ice |
| title_sort | inter calibration of passive microwave satellite brightness temperatures observed by f13 ssm i and f17 ssmis for the retrieval of snow depth on arctic first year sea ice |
| topic | snow depth SSM/I SSMIS Operation IceBridge Arctic |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2072-4292/10/1/36 |
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