Evolution of Oxidative Phosphorylation (OXPHOS) Genes Reflecting the Evolutionary and Life Histories of Fig Wasps (Hymenoptera, Chalcidoidea)
Fig wasps are a peculiar group of insects which, for millions of years, have inhabited the enclosed syconia of fig trees. Considering the relatively closed and dark environment of fig syconia, we hypothesize that the fig wasps’ oxidative phosphorylation (OXPHOS) pathway, which is the main oxygen con...
| Main Authors: | , , , |
|---|---|
| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
| Published: |
MDPI AG
2020-11-01
|
| Series: | Genes |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4425/11/11/1353 |
| _version_ | 1797547818382000128 |
|---|---|
| author | Yi Zhou Dawei Huang Zhaozhe Xin Jinhua Xiao |
| author_facet | Yi Zhou Dawei Huang Zhaozhe Xin Jinhua Xiao |
| author_sort | Yi Zhou |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Fig wasps are a peculiar group of insects which, for millions of years, have inhabited the enclosed syconia of fig trees. Considering the relatively closed and dark environment of fig syconia, we hypothesize that the fig wasps’ oxidative phosphorylation (OXPHOS) pathway, which is the main oxygen consumption and adenosine triphosphate (ATP) production system, may have adaptively evolved. In this study, we manually annotated the OXPHOS genes of 11 species of fig wasps, and compared the evolutionary patterns of OXPHOS genes for six pollinators and five non-pollinators. Thirteen mitochondrial protein-coding genes and 30 nuclear-coding single-copy orthologous genes were used to analyze the amino acid substitution rate and natural selection. The results showed high amino acid substitution rates of both mitochondrial and nuclear OXPHOS genes in fig wasps, implying the co-evolution of mitochondrial and nuclear genes. Our results further revealed that the OXPHOS-related genes evolved significantly faster in pollinators than in non-pollinators, and five genes had significant positive selection signals in the pollinator lineage, indicating that OXPHOS genes play an important role in the adaptation of pollinators. This study can help us understand the relationship between gene evolution and environmental adaptation. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-10T14:49:40Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-4a0dffa696524ea19550445612ffb155 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2073-4425 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-10T14:49:40Z |
| publishDate | 2020-11-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Genes |
| spelling | doaj.art-4a0dffa696524ea19550445612ffb1552023-11-20T21:02:38ZengMDPI AGGenes2073-44252020-11-011111135310.3390/genes11111353Evolution of Oxidative Phosphorylation (OXPHOS) Genes Reflecting the Evolutionary and Life Histories of Fig Wasps (Hymenoptera, Chalcidoidea)Yi Zhou0Dawei Huang1Zhaozhe Xin2Jinhua Xiao3Institute of Entomology, College of Life Sciences, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, ChinaInstitute of Entomology, College of Life Sciences, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, ChinaInstitute of Entomology, College of Life Sciences, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, ChinaInstitute of Entomology, College of Life Sciences, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, ChinaFig wasps are a peculiar group of insects which, for millions of years, have inhabited the enclosed syconia of fig trees. Considering the relatively closed and dark environment of fig syconia, we hypothesize that the fig wasps’ oxidative phosphorylation (OXPHOS) pathway, which is the main oxygen consumption and adenosine triphosphate (ATP) production system, may have adaptively evolved. In this study, we manually annotated the OXPHOS genes of 11 species of fig wasps, and compared the evolutionary patterns of OXPHOS genes for six pollinators and five non-pollinators. Thirteen mitochondrial protein-coding genes and 30 nuclear-coding single-copy orthologous genes were used to analyze the amino acid substitution rate and natural selection. The results showed high amino acid substitution rates of both mitochondrial and nuclear OXPHOS genes in fig wasps, implying the co-evolution of mitochondrial and nuclear genes. Our results further revealed that the OXPHOS-related genes evolved significantly faster in pollinators than in non-pollinators, and five genes had significant positive selection signals in the pollinator lineage, indicating that OXPHOS genes play an important role in the adaptation of pollinators. This study can help us understand the relationship between gene evolution and environmental adaptation.https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4425/11/11/1353oxidative phosphorylationpositive selectionfig wasps |
| spellingShingle | Yi Zhou Dawei Huang Zhaozhe Xin Jinhua Xiao Evolution of Oxidative Phosphorylation (OXPHOS) Genes Reflecting the Evolutionary and Life Histories of Fig Wasps (Hymenoptera, Chalcidoidea) Genes oxidative phosphorylation positive selection fig wasps |
| title | Evolution of Oxidative Phosphorylation (OXPHOS) Genes Reflecting the Evolutionary and Life Histories of Fig Wasps (Hymenoptera, Chalcidoidea) |
| title_full | Evolution of Oxidative Phosphorylation (OXPHOS) Genes Reflecting the Evolutionary and Life Histories of Fig Wasps (Hymenoptera, Chalcidoidea) |
| title_fullStr | Evolution of Oxidative Phosphorylation (OXPHOS) Genes Reflecting the Evolutionary and Life Histories of Fig Wasps (Hymenoptera, Chalcidoidea) |
| title_full_unstemmed | Evolution of Oxidative Phosphorylation (OXPHOS) Genes Reflecting the Evolutionary and Life Histories of Fig Wasps (Hymenoptera, Chalcidoidea) |
| title_short | Evolution of Oxidative Phosphorylation (OXPHOS) Genes Reflecting the Evolutionary and Life Histories of Fig Wasps (Hymenoptera, Chalcidoidea) |
| title_sort | evolution of oxidative phosphorylation oxphos genes reflecting the evolutionary and life histories of fig wasps hymenoptera chalcidoidea |
| topic | oxidative phosphorylation positive selection fig wasps |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4425/11/11/1353 |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT yizhou evolutionofoxidativephosphorylationoxphosgenesreflectingtheevolutionaryandlifehistoriesoffigwaspshymenopterachalcidoidea AT daweihuang evolutionofoxidativephosphorylationoxphosgenesreflectingtheevolutionaryandlifehistoriesoffigwaspshymenopterachalcidoidea AT zhaozhexin evolutionofoxidativephosphorylationoxphosgenesreflectingtheevolutionaryandlifehistoriesoffigwaspshymenopterachalcidoidea AT jinhuaxiao evolutionofoxidativephosphorylationoxphosgenesreflectingtheevolutionaryandlifehistoriesoffigwaspshymenopterachalcidoidea |