On the speaker discriminatory power asymmetry regarding acoustic-phonetic parameters and the impact of speaking style
This study aimed to assess what we refer to as the speaker discriminatory power asymmetry and its forensic implications in comparisons performed in different speaking styles: spontaneous dialogues vs. interviews. We also addressed the impact of data sampling on the speaker's discriminatory perf...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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Frontiers Media S.A.
2023-04-01
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| Series: | Frontiers in Psychology |
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| Online Access: | https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fpsyg.2023.1101187/full |
| _version_ | 1827965683350110208 |
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| author | Julio Cesar Cavalcanti Julio Cesar Cavalcanti Anders Eriksson Plinio A. Barbosa |
| author_facet | Julio Cesar Cavalcanti Julio Cesar Cavalcanti Anders Eriksson Plinio A. Barbosa |
| author_sort | Julio Cesar Cavalcanti |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | This study aimed to assess what we refer to as the speaker discriminatory power asymmetry and its forensic implications in comparisons performed in different speaking styles: spontaneous dialogues vs. interviews. We also addressed the impact of data sampling on the speaker's discriminatory performance concerning different acoustic-phonetic estimates. The participants were 20 male speakers, Brazilian Portuguese speakers from the same dialectal area. The speech material consisted of spontaneous telephone conversations between familiar individuals, and interviews conducted between each individual participant and the researcher. Nine acoustic-phonetic parameters were chosen for the comparisons, spanning from temporal and melodic to spectral acoustic-phonetic estimates. Ultimately, an analysis based on the combination of different parameters was also conducted. Two speaker discriminatory metrics were examined: Cost Log-likelihood-ratio (Cllr) and Equal Error Rate (EER) values. A general speaker discriminatory trend was suggested when assessing the parameters individually. Parameters pertaining to the temporal acoustic-phonetic class depicted the weakest performance in terms of speaker contrasting power as evidenced by the relatively higher Cllr and EER values. Moreover, from the set of acoustic parameters assessed, spectral parameters, mainly high formant frequencies, i.e., F3 and F4, were the best performing in terms of speaker discrimination, depicting the lowest EER and Cllr scores. The results appear to suggest a speaker discriminatory power asymmetry concerning parameters from different acoustic-phonetic classes, in which temporal parameters tended to present a lower discriminatory power. The speaking style mismatch also seemed to considerably impact the speaker comparison task, by undermining the overall discriminatory performance. A statistical model based on the combination of different acoustic-phonetic estimates was found to perform best in this case. Finally, data sampling has proven to be of crucial relevance for the reliability of discriminatory power assessment. |
| first_indexed | 2024-04-09T17:37:11Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-4a1776e44f744878934aea933a982854 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1664-1078 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-04-09T17:37:11Z |
| publishDate | 2023-04-01 |
| publisher | Frontiers Media S.A. |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Frontiers in Psychology |
| spelling | doaj.art-4a1776e44f744878934aea933a9828542023-04-17T12:31:58ZengFrontiers Media S.A.Frontiers in Psychology1664-10782023-04-011410.3389/fpsyg.2023.11011871101187On the speaker discriminatory power asymmetry regarding acoustic-phonetic parameters and the impact of speaking styleJulio Cesar Cavalcanti0Julio Cesar Cavalcanti1Anders Eriksson2Plinio A. Barbosa3Laboratory of Phonetics, Department of Linguistics, Stockholm University, Stockholm, SwedenInstitute of Language Studies, Department of Linguistics, University of Campinas, Campinas, BrazilLaboratory of Phonetics, Department of Linguistics, Stockholm University, Stockholm, SwedenInstitute of Language Studies, Department of Linguistics, University of Campinas, Campinas, BrazilThis study aimed to assess what we refer to as the speaker discriminatory power asymmetry and its forensic implications in comparisons performed in different speaking styles: spontaneous dialogues vs. interviews. We also addressed the impact of data sampling on the speaker's discriminatory performance concerning different acoustic-phonetic estimates. The participants were 20 male speakers, Brazilian Portuguese speakers from the same dialectal area. The speech material consisted of spontaneous telephone conversations between familiar individuals, and interviews conducted between each individual participant and the researcher. Nine acoustic-phonetic parameters were chosen for the comparisons, spanning from temporal and melodic to spectral acoustic-phonetic estimates. Ultimately, an analysis based on the combination of different parameters was also conducted. Two speaker discriminatory metrics were examined: Cost Log-likelihood-ratio (Cllr) and Equal Error Rate (EER) values. A general speaker discriminatory trend was suggested when assessing the parameters individually. Parameters pertaining to the temporal acoustic-phonetic class depicted the weakest performance in terms of speaker contrasting power as evidenced by the relatively higher Cllr and EER values. Moreover, from the set of acoustic parameters assessed, spectral parameters, mainly high formant frequencies, i.e., F3 and F4, were the best performing in terms of speaker discrimination, depicting the lowest EER and Cllr scores. The results appear to suggest a speaker discriminatory power asymmetry concerning parameters from different acoustic-phonetic classes, in which temporal parameters tended to present a lower discriminatory power. The speaking style mismatch also seemed to considerably impact the speaker comparison task, by undermining the overall discriminatory performance. A statistical model based on the combination of different acoustic-phonetic estimates was found to perform best in this case. Finally, data sampling has proven to be of crucial relevance for the reliability of discriminatory power assessment.https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fpsyg.2023.1101187/fullspeech analysisphoneticsacoustic phoneticsforensic phoneticsspeaker comparison |
| spellingShingle | Julio Cesar Cavalcanti Julio Cesar Cavalcanti Anders Eriksson Plinio A. Barbosa On the speaker discriminatory power asymmetry regarding acoustic-phonetic parameters and the impact of speaking style Frontiers in Psychology speech analysis phonetics acoustic phonetics forensic phonetics speaker comparison |
| title | On the speaker discriminatory power asymmetry regarding acoustic-phonetic parameters and the impact of speaking style |
| title_full | On the speaker discriminatory power asymmetry regarding acoustic-phonetic parameters and the impact of speaking style |
| title_fullStr | On the speaker discriminatory power asymmetry regarding acoustic-phonetic parameters and the impact of speaking style |
| title_full_unstemmed | On the speaker discriminatory power asymmetry regarding acoustic-phonetic parameters and the impact of speaking style |
| title_short | On the speaker discriminatory power asymmetry regarding acoustic-phonetic parameters and the impact of speaking style |
| title_sort | on the speaker discriminatory power asymmetry regarding acoustic phonetic parameters and the impact of speaking style |
| topic | speech analysis phonetics acoustic phonetics forensic phonetics speaker comparison |
| url | https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fpsyg.2023.1101187/full |
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