<i>Fusarium</i> Cyclodepsipeptide Mycotoxins: Chemistry, Biosynthesis, and Occurrence
Most of the fungi from the <i>Fusarium</i> genus are pathogenic to cereals, vegetables, and fruits and the products of their secondary metabolism mycotoxins may accumulate in foods and feeds. Non-ribosomal cyclodepsipeptides are one of the main mycotoxin groups and include beauvericins (...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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MDPI AG
2020-12-01
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| Series: | Toxins |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2072-6651/12/12/765 |
| _version_ | 1797545808952819712 |
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| author | Monika Urbaniak Agnieszka Waśkiewicz Łukasz Stępień |
| author_facet | Monika Urbaniak Agnieszka Waśkiewicz Łukasz Stępień |
| author_sort | Monika Urbaniak |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Most of the fungi from the <i>Fusarium</i> genus are pathogenic to cereals, vegetables, and fruits and the products of their secondary metabolism mycotoxins may accumulate in foods and feeds. Non-ribosomal cyclodepsipeptides are one of the main mycotoxin groups and include beauvericins (BEAs), enniatins (ENNs), and beauvenniatins (BEAEs). When ingested, even small amounts of these metabolites significantly affect human and animal health. On the other hand, in view of their antimicrobial activities and cytotoxicity, they may be used as components in drug discovery and processing and are considered as suitable candidates for anti-cancer drugs. Therefore, it is crucial to expand the existing knowledge about cyclodepsipeptides and to search for new analogues of these compounds. The present manuscript aimed to highlight the extensive variability of cyclodepsipeptides by describing chemistry, biosynthesis, and occurrence of BEAs, ENNs, and BEAEs in foods and feeds. Moreover, the co-occurrence of <i>Fusarium</i> species was compared to the amounts of toxins in crops, vegetables, and fruits from different regions of the world. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-10T14:21:15Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-4a211480a2f148e999ac218182771d63 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2072-6651 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-10T14:21:15Z |
| publishDate | 2020-12-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Toxins |
| spelling | doaj.art-4a211480a2f148e999ac218182771d632023-11-20T23:21:39ZengMDPI AGToxins2072-66512020-12-01121276510.3390/toxins12120765<i>Fusarium</i> Cyclodepsipeptide Mycotoxins: Chemistry, Biosynthesis, and OccurrenceMonika Urbaniak0Agnieszka Waśkiewicz1Łukasz Stępień2Plant-Pathogen Interaction Team, Department of Pathogen Genetics and Plant Resistance, Institute of Plant Genetics of the Polish Academy of Sciences, Strzeszyńska 34, 60-479 Poznań, PolandDepartment of Chemistry, Poznan University of Life Sciences, Wojska Polskiego 75, 60-625 Poznań, PolandPlant-Pathogen Interaction Team, Department of Pathogen Genetics and Plant Resistance, Institute of Plant Genetics of the Polish Academy of Sciences, Strzeszyńska 34, 60-479 Poznań, PolandMost of the fungi from the <i>Fusarium</i> genus are pathogenic to cereals, vegetables, and fruits and the products of their secondary metabolism mycotoxins may accumulate in foods and feeds. Non-ribosomal cyclodepsipeptides are one of the main mycotoxin groups and include beauvericins (BEAs), enniatins (ENNs), and beauvenniatins (BEAEs). When ingested, even small amounts of these metabolites significantly affect human and animal health. On the other hand, in view of their antimicrobial activities and cytotoxicity, they may be used as components in drug discovery and processing and are considered as suitable candidates for anti-cancer drugs. Therefore, it is crucial to expand the existing knowledge about cyclodepsipeptides and to search for new analogues of these compounds. The present manuscript aimed to highlight the extensive variability of cyclodepsipeptides by describing chemistry, biosynthesis, and occurrence of BEAs, ENNs, and BEAEs in foods and feeds. Moreover, the co-occurrence of <i>Fusarium</i> species was compared to the amounts of toxins in crops, vegetables, and fruits from different regions of the world.https://www.mdpi.com/2072-6651/12/12/765phytopathogens<i>Fusarium</i>mycotoxin contaminationsecondary metabolismbeauvericinenniatin |
| spellingShingle | Monika Urbaniak Agnieszka Waśkiewicz Łukasz Stępień <i>Fusarium</i> Cyclodepsipeptide Mycotoxins: Chemistry, Biosynthesis, and Occurrence Toxins phytopathogens <i>Fusarium</i> mycotoxin contamination secondary metabolism beauvericin enniatin |
| title | <i>Fusarium</i> Cyclodepsipeptide Mycotoxins: Chemistry, Biosynthesis, and Occurrence |
| title_full | <i>Fusarium</i> Cyclodepsipeptide Mycotoxins: Chemistry, Biosynthesis, and Occurrence |
| title_fullStr | <i>Fusarium</i> Cyclodepsipeptide Mycotoxins: Chemistry, Biosynthesis, and Occurrence |
| title_full_unstemmed | <i>Fusarium</i> Cyclodepsipeptide Mycotoxins: Chemistry, Biosynthesis, and Occurrence |
| title_short | <i>Fusarium</i> Cyclodepsipeptide Mycotoxins: Chemistry, Biosynthesis, and Occurrence |
| title_sort | i fusarium i cyclodepsipeptide mycotoxins chemistry biosynthesis and occurrence |
| topic | phytopathogens <i>Fusarium</i> mycotoxin contamination secondary metabolism beauvericin enniatin |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2072-6651/12/12/765 |
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