Cause-specific excess mortality after hip fracture: the Norwegian Epidemiologic Osteoporosis Studies (NOREPOS)
Abstract Background Information on cause of death may help appraise the degree to which the high excess mortality after hip fracture reflects pre-existing comorbidities or the injury itself. We aimed to describe causes of death and cause-specific excess mortality through the first year after hip fra...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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BMC
2023-03-01
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| Series: | BMC Geriatrics |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | https://doi.org/10.1186/s12877-023-03910-5 |
| _version_ | 1827943241358508032 |
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| author | Kristin Holvik Christian Lycke Ellingsen Siri Marie Solbakken Trine Elisabeth Finnes Ove Talsnes Guri Grimnes Grethe S. Tell Anne-Johanne Søgaard Haakon E. Meyer |
| author_facet | Kristin Holvik Christian Lycke Ellingsen Siri Marie Solbakken Trine Elisabeth Finnes Ove Talsnes Guri Grimnes Grethe S. Tell Anne-Johanne Søgaard Haakon E. Meyer |
| author_sort | Kristin Holvik |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Abstract Background Information on cause of death may help appraise the degree to which the high excess mortality after hip fracture reflects pre-existing comorbidities or the injury itself. We aimed to describe causes of death and cause-specific excess mortality through the first year after hip fracture. Methods For studying the distribution of causes of death by time after hip fracture, we calculated age-adjusted cause-specific mortality at 1, 3, 6 and 12 months in patients hospitalized with hip fracture in Norway 1999–2016. Underlying causes of death were obtained from the Norwegian Cause of Death Registry and grouped by the European Shortlist for Causes of Death. For estimating excess mortality, we performed flexible parametric survival analyses comparing mortality hazard in patients with hip fracture (2002–2017) with that of age- and sex matched controls drawn from the Population and Housing Census 2001. Results Of 146,132 Norwegians with a first hip fracture, a total of 35,498 (24.3%) died within one year. By 30 days post-fracture, external causes (mainly the fall causing the fracture) were the underlying cause for 53.8% of deaths, followed by circulatory diseases (19.8%), neoplasms (9.4%), respiratory diseases (5.7%), mental and behavioural disorders (2.0%) and diseases of the nervous system (1.3%). By one-year post-fracture, external causes and circulatory diseases together accounted for approximately half of deaths (26.1% and 27.0%, respectively). In the period 2002–2017, cause-specific one-year relative mortality hazard in hip fracture patients vs. population controls ranged from 1.5 for circulatory diseases to 2.5 for diseases of the nervous system in women, and correspondingly, from 2.4 to 5.3 in men. Conclusions Hip fractures entail high excess mortality from all major causes of death. However, the traumatic injury of a hip fracture is the most frequently reported underlying cause of death among older patients who survive less than one year after their fracture. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-13T10:12:29Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-4a21e75c565442509ed8153d9e523257 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1471-2318 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-13T10:12:29Z |
| publishDate | 2023-03-01 |
| publisher | BMC |
| record_format | Article |
| series | BMC Geriatrics |
| spelling | doaj.art-4a21e75c565442509ed8153d9e5232572023-05-21T11:26:46ZengBMCBMC Geriatrics1471-23182023-03-0123111110.1186/s12877-023-03910-5Cause-specific excess mortality after hip fracture: the Norwegian Epidemiologic Osteoporosis Studies (NOREPOS)Kristin Holvik0Christian Lycke Ellingsen1Siri Marie Solbakken2Trine Elisabeth Finnes3Ove Talsnes4Guri Grimnes5Grethe S. Tell6Anne-Johanne Søgaard7Haakon E. Meyer8Department of Physical Health and Ageing, Norwegian Institute of Public HealthDepartment of Pathology, Stavanger University HospitalDepartment of Physical Health and Ageing, Norwegian Institute of Public HealthDepartment of Endocrinology, Innlandet Hospital TrustDepartment of Endocrinology, Oslo University HospitalDepartment of Clinical Medicine, UiT The Arctic University of NorwayDepartment of Global Public Health and Primary Care, University of BergenDepartment of Physical Health and Ageing, Norwegian Institute of Public HealthDepartment of Physical Health and Ageing, Norwegian Institute of Public HealthAbstract Background Information on cause of death may help appraise the degree to which the high excess mortality after hip fracture reflects pre-existing comorbidities or the injury itself. We aimed to describe causes of death and cause-specific excess mortality through the first year after hip fracture. Methods For studying the distribution of causes of death by time after hip fracture, we calculated age-adjusted cause-specific mortality at 1, 3, 6 and 12 months in patients hospitalized with hip fracture in Norway 1999–2016. Underlying causes of death were obtained from the Norwegian Cause of Death Registry and grouped by the European Shortlist for Causes of Death. For estimating excess mortality, we performed flexible parametric survival analyses comparing mortality hazard in patients with hip fracture (2002–2017) with that of age- and sex matched controls drawn from the Population and Housing Census 2001. Results Of 146,132 Norwegians with a first hip fracture, a total of 35,498 (24.3%) died within one year. By 30 days post-fracture, external causes (mainly the fall causing the fracture) were the underlying cause for 53.8% of deaths, followed by circulatory diseases (19.8%), neoplasms (9.4%), respiratory diseases (5.7%), mental and behavioural disorders (2.0%) and diseases of the nervous system (1.3%). By one-year post-fracture, external causes and circulatory diseases together accounted for approximately half of deaths (26.1% and 27.0%, respectively). In the period 2002–2017, cause-specific one-year relative mortality hazard in hip fracture patients vs. population controls ranged from 1.5 for circulatory diseases to 2.5 for diseases of the nervous system in women, and correspondingly, from 2.4 to 5.3 in men. Conclusions Hip fractures entail high excess mortality from all major causes of death. However, the traumatic injury of a hip fracture is the most frequently reported underlying cause of death among older patients who survive less than one year after their fracture.https://doi.org/10.1186/s12877-023-03910-5Hip fractureCauses of deathExcess mortalityRegistry-based epidemiologyNorway |
| spellingShingle | Kristin Holvik Christian Lycke Ellingsen Siri Marie Solbakken Trine Elisabeth Finnes Ove Talsnes Guri Grimnes Grethe S. Tell Anne-Johanne Søgaard Haakon E. Meyer Cause-specific excess mortality after hip fracture: the Norwegian Epidemiologic Osteoporosis Studies (NOREPOS) BMC Geriatrics Hip fracture Causes of death Excess mortality Registry-based epidemiology Norway |
| title | Cause-specific excess mortality after hip fracture: the Norwegian Epidemiologic Osteoporosis Studies (NOREPOS) |
| title_full | Cause-specific excess mortality after hip fracture: the Norwegian Epidemiologic Osteoporosis Studies (NOREPOS) |
| title_fullStr | Cause-specific excess mortality after hip fracture: the Norwegian Epidemiologic Osteoporosis Studies (NOREPOS) |
| title_full_unstemmed | Cause-specific excess mortality after hip fracture: the Norwegian Epidemiologic Osteoporosis Studies (NOREPOS) |
| title_short | Cause-specific excess mortality after hip fracture: the Norwegian Epidemiologic Osteoporosis Studies (NOREPOS) |
| title_sort | cause specific excess mortality after hip fracture the norwegian epidemiologic osteoporosis studies norepos |
| topic | Hip fracture Causes of death Excess mortality Registry-based epidemiology Norway |
| url | https://doi.org/10.1186/s12877-023-03910-5 |
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