All-Solid-State Calcium Sensors Modified with Polypyrrol (PPY) and Graphene Oxide (GO) as Solid-Contact Ion-to-Electron Transducers
Reliable, cost-effective, and robust screen-printed sensors were constructed and presented for Ca<sup>2+</sup> ions determination. The sensors were based on the use of bilirubin (1,3,6,7-tetramethyl-4,5- dicarboxyethy-2,8-divinyl-(b-13)-dihydrobilenone) as a recognition sensory material...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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MDPI AG
2020-09-01
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| Series: | Chemosensors |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2227-9040/8/4/93 |
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| author | Hisham S. M. Abd-Rabboh Ayman H. Kamel Abd El-Galil E. Amr |
| author_facet | Hisham S. M. Abd-Rabboh Ayman H. Kamel Abd El-Galil E. Amr |
| author_sort | Hisham S. M. Abd-Rabboh |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Reliable, cost-effective, and robust screen-printed sensors were constructed and presented for Ca<sup>2+</sup> ions determination. The sensors were based on the use of bilirubin (1,3,6,7-tetramethyl-4,5- dicarboxyethy-2,8-divinyl-(b-13)-dihydrobilenone) as a recognition sensory material in plasticized poly (vinyl chloride) (PVC) membranes. Polypyrrol (PPY) and graphene oxide (GO) were used as ion-to-electron transducers, where the effects of anionic excluder, pH, and selectivity were investigated. In a 50 mM tris buffer solution of pH 5, the electrodes offered a potential response for Ca<sup>2+</sup> ions with a near-Nernstian slopes of 38.1 ± 0.4 (r<sup>2</sup> = 0.996) and 31.1 ± 0.6 (r<sup>2</sup> = 0.999), detection limits 3.8 × 10<sup>−6</sup> (0.152 μg/mL) and 2.3 × 10<sup>−7</sup> M (8.0 ng/mL), and linear concentration ranges of 7.0 × 10<sup>−6</sup>–1.0 × 10<sup>−2</sup> (400–0.28 μg/mL) and 7.0 × 10<sup>−7</sup>–1.0 × 10<sup>−2</sup> M (400–0.028 μg/mL) for sensors based on PPY and GO, respectively. Both sensors revealed stable potentiometric responses with excellent reproducibility and enhanced selectivity over a number of most common metal ions, such as Na<sup>+</sup>, K<sup>+</sup>, Li<sup>+</sup>, NH<sub>4</sub><sup>+</sup>, Fe<sup>2+</sup>, Mg<sup>2+</sup>, and Ba<sup>2+</sup>. Impedance spectroscopy and chronopotentiometric techniques were used for evaluating the potential drift and the interfacial sensor capacitance. The proposed sensors offered the advantages of simple design, ability of miniaturization, good potential stability, and cost-effectiveness. The developed electrodes were applied successfully to Ca<sup>2+</sup> ion assessment in different pharmaceutical products, baby-food formulations, and human blood samples. The results obtained were compared with data obtained by atomic absorption spectrometry (AAS). |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-10T15:56:43Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-4a294c0144f24156aa3e974ec3f10119 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2227-9040 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-10T15:56:43Z |
| publishDate | 2020-09-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Chemosensors |
| spelling | doaj.art-4a294c0144f24156aa3e974ec3f101192023-11-20T15:36:01ZengMDPI AGChemosensors2227-90402020-09-01849310.3390/chemosensors8040093All-Solid-State Calcium Sensors Modified with Polypyrrol (PPY) and Graphene Oxide (GO) as Solid-Contact Ion-to-Electron TransducersHisham S. M. Abd-Rabboh0Ayman H. Kamel1Abd El-Galil E. Amr2Chemistry Department, Faculty of Science, King Khalid University, Abha 61413, Saudi ArabiaDepartment of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Ain Shams University, Cairo 11566, EgyptPharmaceutical Chemistry Department, Drug Exploration & Development Chair (DEDC), College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi ArabiaReliable, cost-effective, and robust screen-printed sensors were constructed and presented for Ca<sup>2+</sup> ions determination. The sensors were based on the use of bilirubin (1,3,6,7-tetramethyl-4,5- dicarboxyethy-2,8-divinyl-(b-13)-dihydrobilenone) as a recognition sensory material in plasticized poly (vinyl chloride) (PVC) membranes. Polypyrrol (PPY) and graphene oxide (GO) were used as ion-to-electron transducers, where the effects of anionic excluder, pH, and selectivity were investigated. In a 50 mM tris buffer solution of pH 5, the electrodes offered a potential response for Ca<sup>2+</sup> ions with a near-Nernstian slopes of 38.1 ± 0.4 (r<sup>2</sup> = 0.996) and 31.1 ± 0.6 (r<sup>2</sup> = 0.999), detection limits 3.8 × 10<sup>−6</sup> (0.152 μg/mL) and 2.3 × 10<sup>−7</sup> M (8.0 ng/mL), and linear concentration ranges of 7.0 × 10<sup>−6</sup>–1.0 × 10<sup>−2</sup> (400–0.28 μg/mL) and 7.0 × 10<sup>−7</sup>–1.0 × 10<sup>−2</sup> M (400–0.028 μg/mL) for sensors based on PPY and GO, respectively. Both sensors revealed stable potentiometric responses with excellent reproducibility and enhanced selectivity over a number of most common metal ions, such as Na<sup>+</sup>, K<sup>+</sup>, Li<sup>+</sup>, NH<sub>4</sub><sup>+</sup>, Fe<sup>2+</sup>, Mg<sup>2+</sup>, and Ba<sup>2+</sup>. Impedance spectroscopy and chronopotentiometric techniques were used for evaluating the potential drift and the interfacial sensor capacitance. The proposed sensors offered the advantages of simple design, ability of miniaturization, good potential stability, and cost-effectiveness. The developed electrodes were applied successfully to Ca<sup>2+</sup> ion assessment in different pharmaceutical products, baby-food formulations, and human blood samples. The results obtained were compared with data obtained by atomic absorption spectrometry (AAS).https://www.mdpi.com/2227-9040/8/4/93potentiometric sensorsscreen-printed electrodespolypyrrol (PPY)graphene oxide (GO)chronopotentiometryimpedance spectroscopy |
| spellingShingle | Hisham S. M. Abd-Rabboh Ayman H. Kamel Abd El-Galil E. Amr All-Solid-State Calcium Sensors Modified with Polypyrrol (PPY) and Graphene Oxide (GO) as Solid-Contact Ion-to-Electron Transducers Chemosensors potentiometric sensors screen-printed electrodes polypyrrol (PPY) graphene oxide (GO) chronopotentiometry impedance spectroscopy |
| title | All-Solid-State Calcium Sensors Modified with Polypyrrol (PPY) and Graphene Oxide (GO) as Solid-Contact Ion-to-Electron Transducers |
| title_full | All-Solid-State Calcium Sensors Modified with Polypyrrol (PPY) and Graphene Oxide (GO) as Solid-Contact Ion-to-Electron Transducers |
| title_fullStr | All-Solid-State Calcium Sensors Modified with Polypyrrol (PPY) and Graphene Oxide (GO) as Solid-Contact Ion-to-Electron Transducers |
| title_full_unstemmed | All-Solid-State Calcium Sensors Modified with Polypyrrol (PPY) and Graphene Oxide (GO) as Solid-Contact Ion-to-Electron Transducers |
| title_short | All-Solid-State Calcium Sensors Modified with Polypyrrol (PPY) and Graphene Oxide (GO) as Solid-Contact Ion-to-Electron Transducers |
| title_sort | all solid state calcium sensors modified with polypyrrol ppy and graphene oxide go as solid contact ion to electron transducers |
| topic | potentiometric sensors screen-printed electrodes polypyrrol (PPY) graphene oxide (GO) chronopotentiometry impedance spectroscopy |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2227-9040/8/4/93 |
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