Detection of male genital schistosomiasis (MGS) by real-time TaqMan® PCR analysis of semen from fishermen along the southern shoreline of Lake Malawi
Background: Male genital schistosomiasis (MGS) is an underappreciated complication of schistosomiasis, first described in 1911. However, its epidemiology, diagnostic testing and case management are not well understood in sub-Saharan Africa. To shed new light on MGS prevalence in Malawi, a longitudin...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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Elsevier
2023-07-01
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| Series: | Heliyon |
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| Online Access: | http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2405844023045462 |
| _version_ | 1827892337999609856 |
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| author | Sekeleghe A. Kayuni Mohammad H. Alharbi Alexandra Shaw Joanna Fawcett Peter Makaula Fanuel Lampiao Lazarus Juziwelo E. James LaCourse Jaco J. Verweij J. Russell Stothard |
| author_facet | Sekeleghe A. Kayuni Mohammad H. Alharbi Alexandra Shaw Joanna Fawcett Peter Makaula Fanuel Lampiao Lazarus Juziwelo E. James LaCourse Jaco J. Verweij J. Russell Stothard |
| author_sort | Sekeleghe A. Kayuni |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Background: Male genital schistosomiasis (MGS) is an underappreciated complication of schistosomiasis, first described in 1911. However, its epidemiology, diagnostic testing and case management are not well understood in sub-Saharan Africa. To shed new light on MGS prevalence in Malawi, a longitudinal cohort study was conducted among adult fishermen along the southern shoreline of Lake Malawi using detection of schistosome DNA in participants’ semen by real-time TaqMan® PCR analyses. Methods: Upon recruitment of 376 participants, 210 submitted urine samples and 114 semen samples for parasitological tests. Thereafter, the available semen samples were subsequently analysed by real-time TaqMan® PCR. Praziquantel (PZQ) treatment was provided to all participants with follow-ups attempted at 1, 3, 6 and 12-months’ intervals. Results: At baseline, real-time PCR detected a higher MGS cohort prevalence of 26.6% (n = 64, Ct-value range: 18.9–37.4), compared to 10.4% by semen microscopy. In total, 21.9% of participants (n = 114) were detected with MGS either by semen microscopy and/or by real-time PCR. Subsequent analyses at 1-, 3-, 6- and 12-month follow-ups indicated variable detection dynamics. Conclusions: This first application of a molecular method, to detect MGS in sub-Saharan Africa, highlights the need for development of such molecular diagnostic tests which should be affordable and locally accessible. Our investigation also notes the persistence of MGS over a calendar year despite praziquantel treatment. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-12T21:39:20Z |
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| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2405-8440 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-12T21:39:20Z |
| publishDate | 2023-07-01 |
| publisher | Elsevier |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Heliyon |
| spelling | doaj.art-4a3268bb0d1341f2b84aeefa675282302023-07-27T05:56:24ZengElsevierHeliyon2405-84402023-07-0197e17338Detection of male genital schistosomiasis (MGS) by real-time TaqMan® PCR analysis of semen from fishermen along the southern shoreline of Lake MalawiSekeleghe A. Kayuni0Mohammad H. Alharbi1Alexandra Shaw2Joanna Fawcett3Peter Makaula4Fanuel Lampiao5Lazarus Juziwelo6E. James LaCourse7Jaco J. Verweij8J. Russell Stothard9Department of Tropical Disease Biology, Liverpool School of Tropical Medicine, Liverpool, L3 5QA, United Kingdom; MASM Medi Clinics Limited, Medical Society of Malawi (MASM), P. O. Box 31659, Lilongwe 3, Malawi; Malawi Liverpool Wellcome (MLW) Clinical Research Programme, Kamuzu University Of Health Sciences (KUHeS), Queen Elizabeth Central Hospital campus, Chipatala Avenue, Blantyre, Malawi; Corresponding author. Department of Tropical Disease Biology, Liverpool School of Tropical Medicine, Liverpool, L3 5QA, United Kingdom.Department of Tropical Disease Biology, Liverpool School of Tropical Medicine, Liverpool, L3 5QA, United Kingdom; Ministry of Health, Buraydah 52367, Saudi ArabiaDepartment of Tropical Disease Biology, Liverpool School of Tropical Medicine, Liverpool, L3 5QA, United KingdomDepartment of Tropical Disease Biology, Liverpool School of Tropical Medicine, Liverpool, L3 5QA, United KingdomMalawi Liverpool Wellcome (MLW) Clinical Research Programme, Kamuzu University Of Health Sciences (KUHeS), Queen Elizabeth Central Hospital campus, Chipatala Avenue, Blantyre, Malawi; Research for Health, Environment and Development (RHED), Mangochi, MalawiPhysiology Department, College of Medicine, Kamuzu University of Health Sciences, Blantyre, MalawiNational Schistosomiasis and STH Control Programme, Community Health Sciences Unit, Ministry of Health, Lilongwe, MalawiDepartment of Tropical Disease Biology, Liverpool School of Tropical Medicine, Liverpool, L3 5QA, United KingdomElisabeth TweeSteden Hospital Tilburg, Microvida Laboratory for Medical Microbiology and Immunology, Hilvarenbeekseweg 60, Tilburg, the NetherlandsDepartment of Tropical Disease Biology, Liverpool School of Tropical Medicine, Liverpool, L3 5QA, United KingdomBackground: Male genital schistosomiasis (MGS) is an underappreciated complication of schistosomiasis, first described in 1911. However, its epidemiology, diagnostic testing and case management are not well understood in sub-Saharan Africa. To shed new light on MGS prevalence in Malawi, a longitudinal cohort study was conducted among adult fishermen along the southern shoreline of Lake Malawi using detection of schistosome DNA in participants’ semen by real-time TaqMan® PCR analyses. Methods: Upon recruitment of 376 participants, 210 submitted urine samples and 114 semen samples for parasitological tests. Thereafter, the available semen samples were subsequently analysed by real-time TaqMan® PCR. Praziquantel (PZQ) treatment was provided to all participants with follow-ups attempted at 1, 3, 6 and 12-months’ intervals. Results: At baseline, real-time PCR detected a higher MGS cohort prevalence of 26.6% (n = 64, Ct-value range: 18.9–37.4), compared to 10.4% by semen microscopy. In total, 21.9% of participants (n = 114) were detected with MGS either by semen microscopy and/or by real-time PCR. Subsequent analyses at 1-, 3-, 6- and 12-month follow-ups indicated variable detection dynamics. Conclusions: This first application of a molecular method, to detect MGS in sub-Saharan Africa, highlights the need for development of such molecular diagnostic tests which should be affordable and locally accessible. Our investigation also notes the persistence of MGS over a calendar year despite praziquantel treatment.http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2405844023045462Schistosoma haematobiumMGSReal-time PCRFishermenMangochiLake Malawi |
| spellingShingle | Sekeleghe A. Kayuni Mohammad H. Alharbi Alexandra Shaw Joanna Fawcett Peter Makaula Fanuel Lampiao Lazarus Juziwelo E. James LaCourse Jaco J. Verweij J. Russell Stothard Detection of male genital schistosomiasis (MGS) by real-time TaqMan® PCR analysis of semen from fishermen along the southern shoreline of Lake Malawi Heliyon Schistosoma haematobium MGS Real-time PCR Fishermen Mangochi Lake Malawi |
| title | Detection of male genital schistosomiasis (MGS) by real-time TaqMan® PCR analysis of semen from fishermen along the southern shoreline of Lake Malawi |
| title_full | Detection of male genital schistosomiasis (MGS) by real-time TaqMan® PCR analysis of semen from fishermen along the southern shoreline of Lake Malawi |
| title_fullStr | Detection of male genital schistosomiasis (MGS) by real-time TaqMan® PCR analysis of semen from fishermen along the southern shoreline of Lake Malawi |
| title_full_unstemmed | Detection of male genital schistosomiasis (MGS) by real-time TaqMan® PCR analysis of semen from fishermen along the southern shoreline of Lake Malawi |
| title_short | Detection of male genital schistosomiasis (MGS) by real-time TaqMan® PCR analysis of semen from fishermen along the southern shoreline of Lake Malawi |
| title_sort | detection of male genital schistosomiasis mgs by real time taqman r pcr analysis of semen from fishermen along the southern shoreline of lake malawi |
| topic | Schistosoma haematobium MGS Real-time PCR Fishermen Mangochi Lake Malawi |
| url | http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2405844023045462 |
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