Systemic inflammatory biomarkers in Schizophrenia are changed by ECT administration and related to the treatment efficacy
Abstract Immune inflammation has long been implicated in the pathogenesis of schizophrenia. Despite as a rapid and effective physical therapy, the role of immune inflammation in electroconvulsive therapy (ECT) for schizophrenia remains elusive. The neutrophils to lymphocytes (NLR), platelets to mono...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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BMC
2024-01-01
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| Series: | BMC Psychiatry |
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| Online Access: | https://doi.org/10.1186/s12888-023-05469-2 |
| _version_ | 1797349773949272064 |
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| author | Yu Wang Guangfa Wang Muxin Gong Yujing Yang Yuru Ling Xinyu Fang Tingting Zhu Zixu Wang Xiangrong Zhang Caiyi Zhang |
| author_facet | Yu Wang Guangfa Wang Muxin Gong Yujing Yang Yuru Ling Xinyu Fang Tingting Zhu Zixu Wang Xiangrong Zhang Caiyi Zhang |
| author_sort | Yu Wang |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Abstract Immune inflammation has long been implicated in the pathogenesis of schizophrenia. Despite as a rapid and effective physical therapy, the role of immune inflammation in electroconvulsive therapy (ECT) for schizophrenia remains elusive. The neutrophils to lymphocytes (NLR), platelets to monocytes (PLR) and monocytes to lymphocytes (MLR) are inexpensive and accessible biomarkers of systemic inflammation. In this study, 70 schizophrenia patients and 70 age- and sex-matched healthy controls were recruited. The systemic inflammatory biomarkers were measured before and after ECT. Our results indicated schizophrenia had significantly higher peripheral NLR, PLR and MLR compared to health controls at baseline, while lymphocytes did not differ. After 6 ECT, the psychiatric symptoms were significantly improved, as demonstrated by the Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale (PANSS). However, there was a decline in cognitive function scores, as indicated by the Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE). Notably, the neutrophils and NLR were significantly reduced following ECT. Although lymphocytes remained unchanged following ECT, responders had significantly higher lymphocytes compared to non-responders. Moreover, the linear regression analyses revealed that higher lymphocytes served as a predictor of larger improvement in positive symptom following ECT. Overall, our findings further highlighted the presence of systemic inflammation in schizophrenia patients, and that ECT may exert a therapeutic effect in part by attenuating systemic inflammation. Further research may therefore lead to new treatment strategies for schizophrenia targeting the immune system. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-08T12:35:17Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-4a35a42b67b7468dae4e88a1d9de5b30 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1471-244X |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-08T12:35:17Z |
| publishDate | 2024-01-01 |
| publisher | BMC |
| record_format | Article |
| series | BMC Psychiatry |
| spelling | doaj.art-4a35a42b67b7468dae4e88a1d9de5b302024-01-21T12:29:48ZengBMCBMC Psychiatry1471-244X2024-01-012411810.1186/s12888-023-05469-2Systemic inflammatory biomarkers in Schizophrenia are changed by ECT administration and related to the treatment efficacyYu Wang0Guangfa Wang1Muxin Gong2Yujing Yang3Yuru Ling4Xinyu Fang5Tingting Zhu6Zixu Wang7Xiangrong Zhang8Caiyi Zhang9Department of Geriatric Psychiatry, The Affiliated Brain Hospital of Nanjing Medical UniversityThe Affiliated Xuzhou Oriental Hospital of Xuzhou Medical UniversityThe Affiliated Xuzhou Oriental Hospital of Xuzhou Medical UniversityThe Affiliated Xuzhou Oriental Hospital of Xuzhou Medical UniversityDepartment of Geriatric Psychiatry, The Affiliated Brain Hospital of Nanjing Medical UniversityDepartment of Geriatric Psychiatry, The Affiliated Brain Hospital of Nanjing Medical UniversityDepartment of Geriatric Psychiatry, The Affiliated Brain Hospital of Nanjing Medical UniversityDepartment of Geriatric Psychiatry, The Affiliated Brain Hospital of Nanjing Medical UniversityDepartment of Geriatric Psychiatry, The Affiliated Brain Hospital of Nanjing Medical UniversityThe Affiliated Xuzhou Oriental Hospital of Xuzhou Medical UniversityAbstract Immune inflammation has long been implicated in the pathogenesis of schizophrenia. Despite as a rapid and effective physical therapy, the role of immune inflammation in electroconvulsive therapy (ECT) for schizophrenia remains elusive. The neutrophils to lymphocytes (NLR), platelets to monocytes (PLR) and monocytes to lymphocytes (MLR) are inexpensive and accessible biomarkers of systemic inflammation. In this study, 70 schizophrenia patients and 70 age- and sex-matched healthy controls were recruited. The systemic inflammatory biomarkers were measured before and after ECT. Our results indicated schizophrenia had significantly higher peripheral NLR, PLR and MLR compared to health controls at baseline, while lymphocytes did not differ. After 6 ECT, the psychiatric symptoms were significantly improved, as demonstrated by the Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale (PANSS). However, there was a decline in cognitive function scores, as indicated by the Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE). Notably, the neutrophils and NLR were significantly reduced following ECT. Although lymphocytes remained unchanged following ECT, responders had significantly higher lymphocytes compared to non-responders. Moreover, the linear regression analyses revealed that higher lymphocytes served as a predictor of larger improvement in positive symptom following ECT. Overall, our findings further highlighted the presence of systemic inflammation in schizophrenia patients, and that ECT may exert a therapeutic effect in part by attenuating systemic inflammation. Further research may therefore lead to new treatment strategies for schizophrenia targeting the immune system.https://doi.org/10.1186/s12888-023-05469-2SchizophreniaElectroconvulsive therapyInflammationNeutrophilsLymphocytesNLR |
| spellingShingle | Yu Wang Guangfa Wang Muxin Gong Yujing Yang Yuru Ling Xinyu Fang Tingting Zhu Zixu Wang Xiangrong Zhang Caiyi Zhang Systemic inflammatory biomarkers in Schizophrenia are changed by ECT administration and related to the treatment efficacy BMC Psychiatry Schizophrenia Electroconvulsive therapy Inflammation Neutrophils Lymphocytes NLR |
| title | Systemic inflammatory biomarkers in Schizophrenia are changed by ECT administration and related to the treatment efficacy |
| title_full | Systemic inflammatory biomarkers in Schizophrenia are changed by ECT administration and related to the treatment efficacy |
| title_fullStr | Systemic inflammatory biomarkers in Schizophrenia are changed by ECT administration and related to the treatment efficacy |
| title_full_unstemmed | Systemic inflammatory biomarkers in Schizophrenia are changed by ECT administration and related to the treatment efficacy |
| title_short | Systemic inflammatory biomarkers in Schizophrenia are changed by ECT administration and related to the treatment efficacy |
| title_sort | systemic inflammatory biomarkers in schizophrenia are changed by ect administration and related to the treatment efficacy |
| topic | Schizophrenia Electroconvulsive therapy Inflammation Neutrophils Lymphocytes NLR |
| url | https://doi.org/10.1186/s12888-023-05469-2 |
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