Elevation of White Blood Cell Subtypes in Adult Trauma Patients with Stress-Induced Hyperglycemia
Background: Blood immune cell subset alterations following trauma can indicate a patient′s immune–inflammatory status. This research explored the influence of stress-induced hyperglycemia (SIH) on platelet counts and white blood cell (WBC) subtypes, including the derived indices of the monocyte-to-l...
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| Format: | Article |
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MDPI AG
2023-11-01
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| Series: | Diagnostics |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2075-4418/13/22/3451 |
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| author | Cheng-Shyuan Rau Spencer Chia-Hao Kuo Ching-Hua Tsai Sheng-En Chou Wei-Ti Su Shiun-Yuan Hsu Ching-Hua Hsieh |
| author_facet | Cheng-Shyuan Rau Spencer Chia-Hao Kuo Ching-Hua Tsai Sheng-En Chou Wei-Ti Su Shiun-Yuan Hsu Ching-Hua Hsieh |
| author_sort | Cheng-Shyuan Rau |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Background: Blood immune cell subset alterations following trauma can indicate a patient′s immune–inflammatory status. This research explored the influence of stress-induced hyperglycemia (SIH) on platelet counts and white blood cell (WBC) subtypes, including the derived indices of the monocyte-to-lymphocyte ratio (MLR), neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (NLR), and platelet-to-lymphocyte ratio (PLR), in trauma patients. Methods: We studied 15,480 adult trauma patients admitted from 1 January 1998 to 31 December 2022. They were categorized into four groups: nondiabetic normoglycemia (NDN, <i>n</i> = 11,602), diabetic normoglycemia (DN, <i>n</i> = 1750), SIH (<i>n</i> = 716), and diabetic hyperglycemia (DH, <i>n</i> = 1412). A propensity score-matched cohort was formed after adjusting for age, sex, and comorbidities, allowing for comparing the WBC subtypes and platelet counts. Results: Patients with SIH exhibited significantly increased counts of monocytes, neutrophils, and lymphocytes in contrast to NDN patients. However, no significant rise in platelet counts was noted in the SIH group. There were no observed increases in these cell counts in either the DN or DH groups. Conclusions: Our results demonstrated that trauma patients with SIH showed significantly higher counts of monocytes, neutrophils, and lymphocytes when compared to NDN patients, whereas the DN and DH groups remained unaffected. This underscores the profound association between SIH and elevated levels of specific WBC subtypes. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-09T16:53:40Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-4a43a6e60d9a41b592f7be7ba6694a64 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2075-4418 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-09T16:53:40Z |
| publishDate | 2023-11-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Diagnostics |
| spelling | doaj.art-4a43a6e60d9a41b592f7be7ba6694a642023-11-24T14:37:39ZengMDPI AGDiagnostics2075-44182023-11-011322345110.3390/diagnostics13223451Elevation of White Blood Cell Subtypes in Adult Trauma Patients with Stress-Induced HyperglycemiaCheng-Shyuan Rau0Spencer Chia-Hao Kuo1Ching-Hua Tsai2Sheng-En Chou3Wei-Ti Su4Shiun-Yuan Hsu5Ching-Hua Hsieh6Department of Neurosurgery, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital and Chang Gung University, Kaohsiung City 83301, TaiwanDepartment of Plastic Surgery, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital and Chang Gung University, Kaohsiung City 83301, TaiwanDepartment of Trauma Surgery, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital and Chang Gung University, Kaohsiung City 83301, TaiwanDepartment of Trauma Surgery, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital and Chang Gung University, Kaohsiung City 83301, TaiwanDepartment of Trauma Surgery, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital and Chang Gung University, Kaohsiung City 83301, TaiwanDepartment of Trauma Surgery, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital and Chang Gung University, Kaohsiung City 83301, TaiwanDepartment of Plastic Surgery, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital and Chang Gung University, Kaohsiung City 83301, TaiwanBackground: Blood immune cell subset alterations following trauma can indicate a patient′s immune–inflammatory status. This research explored the influence of stress-induced hyperglycemia (SIH) on platelet counts and white blood cell (WBC) subtypes, including the derived indices of the monocyte-to-lymphocyte ratio (MLR), neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (NLR), and platelet-to-lymphocyte ratio (PLR), in trauma patients. Methods: We studied 15,480 adult trauma patients admitted from 1 January 1998 to 31 December 2022. They were categorized into four groups: nondiabetic normoglycemia (NDN, <i>n</i> = 11,602), diabetic normoglycemia (DN, <i>n</i> = 1750), SIH (<i>n</i> = 716), and diabetic hyperglycemia (DH, <i>n</i> = 1412). A propensity score-matched cohort was formed after adjusting for age, sex, and comorbidities, allowing for comparing the WBC subtypes and platelet counts. Results: Patients with SIH exhibited significantly increased counts of monocytes, neutrophils, and lymphocytes in contrast to NDN patients. However, no significant rise in platelet counts was noted in the SIH group. There were no observed increases in these cell counts in either the DN or DH groups. Conclusions: Our results demonstrated that trauma patients with SIH showed significantly higher counts of monocytes, neutrophils, and lymphocytes when compared to NDN patients, whereas the DN and DH groups remained unaffected. This underscores the profound association between SIH and elevated levels of specific WBC subtypes.https://www.mdpi.com/2075-4418/13/22/3451traumamonocyteneutrophillymphocyteplateletmortality |
| spellingShingle | Cheng-Shyuan Rau Spencer Chia-Hao Kuo Ching-Hua Tsai Sheng-En Chou Wei-Ti Su Shiun-Yuan Hsu Ching-Hua Hsieh Elevation of White Blood Cell Subtypes in Adult Trauma Patients with Stress-Induced Hyperglycemia Diagnostics trauma monocyte neutrophil lymphocyte platelet mortality |
| title | Elevation of White Blood Cell Subtypes in Adult Trauma Patients with Stress-Induced Hyperglycemia |
| title_full | Elevation of White Blood Cell Subtypes in Adult Trauma Patients with Stress-Induced Hyperglycemia |
| title_fullStr | Elevation of White Blood Cell Subtypes in Adult Trauma Patients with Stress-Induced Hyperglycemia |
| title_full_unstemmed | Elevation of White Blood Cell Subtypes in Adult Trauma Patients with Stress-Induced Hyperglycemia |
| title_short | Elevation of White Blood Cell Subtypes in Adult Trauma Patients with Stress-Induced Hyperglycemia |
| title_sort | elevation of white blood cell subtypes in adult trauma patients with stress induced hyperglycemia |
| topic | trauma monocyte neutrophil lymphocyte platelet mortality |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2075-4418/13/22/3451 |
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