Comparison of numerical codes for coupled thermo-hydro-mechanical simulations of fractured media
Geo-energy and geo-engineering applications, such as improved oil recovery (IOR), geologic carbon storage, and enhanced geothermal systems (EGSs), involve coupled thermo-hydro-mechanical (THM) processes that result from fluid injection and production. In some cases, reservoirs are highly fractured a...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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Elsevier
2020-08-01
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| Series: | Journal of Rock Mechanics and Geotechnical Engineering |
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| Online Access: | http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1674775520300573 |
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| author | Ahmad Zareidarmiyan Hossein Salarirad Victor Vilarrasa Kwang-Il Kim Jaewon Lee Ki-Bok Min |
| author_facet | Ahmad Zareidarmiyan Hossein Salarirad Victor Vilarrasa Kwang-Il Kim Jaewon Lee Ki-Bok Min |
| author_sort | Ahmad Zareidarmiyan |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Geo-energy and geo-engineering applications, such as improved oil recovery (IOR), geologic carbon storage, and enhanced geothermal systems (EGSs), involve coupled thermo-hydro-mechanical (THM) processes that result from fluid injection and production. In some cases, reservoirs are highly fractured and the geomechanical response is controlled by fractures. Therefore, fractures should explicitly be included into numerical models to realistically simulate the THM responses of the subsurface. In this study, we perform coupled THM numerical simulations of water injection into naturally fractured reservoirs (NFRs) using CODE_BRIGHT and TOUGH-UDEC codes. CODE_BRIGHT is a finite element method (FEM) code that performs fully coupled THM analysis in geological media and TOUGH-UDEC sequentially solves coupled THM processes by combining a finite volume method (FVM) code that solves non-isothermal multiphase flow (TOUGH2) with a distinct element method (DEM) code that solves the mechanical problem (UDEC). First, we validate the two codes against a semi-analytical solution for water injection into a single deformable fracture considering variable permeability based on the cubic law. Then, we compare simulation results of the two codes in an idealized conceptual model that includes one horizontal fracture and in a more realistic model with multiple fractures. Each code models fractures differently. UDEC calculates fracture deformation from the fracture normal and shear stiffnesses, while CODE_BRIGHT treats fractures as equivalent porous media and uses the equivalent Young's modulus and Poisson's ratio of the fracture. Finally, we obtain comparable results of pressure, temperature, stress and displacement distributions and evolutions for the single horizontal fracture model. Despite some similarities, the two codes provide increasingly different results as model complexity increases. These differences highlight the challenging task of accurately modeling coupled THM processes in fractured media given their high nonlinearity. |
| first_indexed | 2024-12-13T19:16:26Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-4a4f1174798e4d94a0d86f99559af264 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1674-7755 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-12-13T19:16:26Z |
| publishDate | 2020-08-01 |
| publisher | Elsevier |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Journal of Rock Mechanics and Geotechnical Engineering |
| spelling | doaj.art-4a4f1174798e4d94a0d86f99559af2642022-12-21T23:34:16ZengElsevierJournal of Rock Mechanics and Geotechnical Engineering1674-77552020-08-01124850865Comparison of numerical codes for coupled thermo-hydro-mechanical simulations of fractured mediaAhmad Zareidarmiyan0Hossein Salarirad1Victor Vilarrasa2Kwang-Il Kim3Jaewon Lee4Ki-Bok Min5Department of Mining Engineering, Amirkabir University of Technology - Tehran Polytechnic (AUT), Tehran, Iran; Institute of Environmental Assessment and Water Research (IDAEA), Spanish National Research Council (CSIC), Barcelona, Spain; Associated Unit: Hydrogeology Group UPC-CSIC, Barcelona, Spain; Corresponding author.Department of Mining Engineering, Amirkabir University of Technology - Tehran Polytechnic (AUT), Tehran, Iran; Corresponding author.Institute of Environmental Assessment and Water Research (IDAEA), Spanish National Research Council (CSIC), Barcelona, Spain; Associated Unit: Hydrogeology Group UPC-CSIC, Barcelona, SpainDepartment of Energy Resources Engineering, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of KoreaRadioactive Waste Disposal Research Division, Korea Atomic Energy Research Institute (KAERI), Daejeon, Republic of KoreaDepartment of Energy Resources Engineering, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of KoreaGeo-energy and geo-engineering applications, such as improved oil recovery (IOR), geologic carbon storage, and enhanced geothermal systems (EGSs), involve coupled thermo-hydro-mechanical (THM) processes that result from fluid injection and production. In some cases, reservoirs are highly fractured and the geomechanical response is controlled by fractures. Therefore, fractures should explicitly be included into numerical models to realistically simulate the THM responses of the subsurface. In this study, we perform coupled THM numerical simulations of water injection into naturally fractured reservoirs (NFRs) using CODE_BRIGHT and TOUGH-UDEC codes. CODE_BRIGHT is a finite element method (FEM) code that performs fully coupled THM analysis in geological media and TOUGH-UDEC sequentially solves coupled THM processes by combining a finite volume method (FVM) code that solves non-isothermal multiphase flow (TOUGH2) with a distinct element method (DEM) code that solves the mechanical problem (UDEC). First, we validate the two codes against a semi-analytical solution for water injection into a single deformable fracture considering variable permeability based on the cubic law. Then, we compare simulation results of the two codes in an idealized conceptual model that includes one horizontal fracture and in a more realistic model with multiple fractures. Each code models fractures differently. UDEC calculates fracture deformation from the fracture normal and shear stiffnesses, while CODE_BRIGHT treats fractures as equivalent porous media and uses the equivalent Young's modulus and Poisson's ratio of the fracture. Finally, we obtain comparable results of pressure, temperature, stress and displacement distributions and evolutions for the single horizontal fracture model. Despite some similarities, the two codes provide increasingly different results as model complexity increases. These differences highlight the challenging task of accurately modeling coupled THM processes in fractured media given their high nonlinearity.http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1674775520300573Coupled thermo-hydro-mechanical (THM) analysisImproved oil recovery (IOR)Naturally fractured reservoir (NFR)CODE_BRIGHTTOUGH-UDEC |
| spellingShingle | Ahmad Zareidarmiyan Hossein Salarirad Victor Vilarrasa Kwang-Il Kim Jaewon Lee Ki-Bok Min Comparison of numerical codes for coupled thermo-hydro-mechanical simulations of fractured media Journal of Rock Mechanics and Geotechnical Engineering Coupled thermo-hydro-mechanical (THM) analysis Improved oil recovery (IOR) Naturally fractured reservoir (NFR) CODE_BRIGHT TOUGH-UDEC |
| title | Comparison of numerical codes for coupled thermo-hydro-mechanical simulations of fractured media |
| title_full | Comparison of numerical codes for coupled thermo-hydro-mechanical simulations of fractured media |
| title_fullStr | Comparison of numerical codes for coupled thermo-hydro-mechanical simulations of fractured media |
| title_full_unstemmed | Comparison of numerical codes for coupled thermo-hydro-mechanical simulations of fractured media |
| title_short | Comparison of numerical codes for coupled thermo-hydro-mechanical simulations of fractured media |
| title_sort | comparison of numerical codes for coupled thermo hydro mechanical simulations of fractured media |
| topic | Coupled thermo-hydro-mechanical (THM) analysis Improved oil recovery (IOR) Naturally fractured reservoir (NFR) CODE_BRIGHT TOUGH-UDEC |
| url | http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1674775520300573 |
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