Association of Chest CT Severity Scores and Vaccination Status in COVID-19 Infection: A Cross-sectional Study
Introduction: Coronavirus Disease-2019 (COVID-19) has emerged as a pandemic with substantial morbidity and mortality. While global efforts towards mitigating the infection are focused on the vaccination of population, studies are warranted to prove the efficacy of vaccine in prevention of infect...
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| Format: | Article |
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JCDR Research and Publications Private Limited
2022-02-01
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| Series: | Journal of Clinical and Diagnostic Research |
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| Online Access: | https://jcdr.net/articles/PDF/16027/51686_CE[Ra1]_F[SH]_PF1(SC_SS)_PFA(SC_KM)_PN(KM).pdf |
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| author | TT Vishwanath BR Rajalakshmi KS Sadananda CN Manjunath |
| author_facet | TT Vishwanath BR Rajalakshmi KS Sadananda CN Manjunath |
| author_sort | TT Vishwanath |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Introduction: Coronavirus Disease-2019 (COVID-19) has emerged
as a pandemic with substantial morbidity and mortality. While
global efforts towards mitigating the infection are focused on the
vaccination of population, studies are warranted to prove the
efficacy of vaccine in prevention of infection or reducing the severity
of infection in affected patients. The 25-point High Resolution
Computed Tomography (HRCT) severity score has proved to be
an effective tool in estimating the severity of lung infection and
correlates with laboratory parameters and disease outcome. The
HRCT scores hence provide an objective evidence to prove the
efficacy of vaccines in vaccinated individuals by assessing the
extent of lung involvement.
Aim: To compare the chest CT severity score in vaccinated and
unvaccinated COVID-19 infected patients.
Materials and Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted
in the Department of Radiology, at Sri Jayadeva Institute of
Cardiovascular Sciences and Research, Mysuru, Karnataka,
India. The data of HRCT scores and vaccination status was
collected during the month of April 2021 from patients who
were suspected to have COVID-19 infection and underwent a
chest HRCT scan. The severity of lung infection in vaccinated
and unvaccinated individuals were compared based on the
HRCT scores and the association between these variables were
analysed. The association between the respective variables were
studied using Fisher’s-exact and Kruskal-Wallis tests.
Results: The study involved a total of 178 subjects (males were
98), where 127 (71.3%) were unvaccinated and 51 (28.6%) were
vaccinated with one or both doses {Covaxin (Bharat Biotech)
vaccine or Covishield (Oxford-AstraZeneca) vaccine approved by
Emergency Use Authorisation (EUA)}. The frequency of disease
was least in 14 (7.9%) among fully vaccinated subjects. Severe
COVID-19 associated pneumonia with severity score of 18 or
more was seen in 7% of unvaccinated individuals, while none
of the partial/fully vaccinated individuals had severe disease.
The median CT severity score was significantly higher among
unvaccinated patients compared to partially and fully vaccinated
patients (p-value=0.001). Fully vaccinated patients had almost
low CT severity score indicating mild form of disease.
Conclusion: To the best of authors knowledge, this study was
the first to describe the chest CT severity scores of vaccinated
individuals in comparison with the unvaccinated COVID-19
infected patients. The disease severity was significantly higher
among unvaccinated patients compared to partially or fully
vaccinated patients. The present study has provided substantial
evidence of vaccine efficacy in reducing the disease severity in
COVID-19 infected patients. |
| first_indexed | 2024-12-10T13:21:44Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-4a79626ae4094b33801ebc3082e6d71e |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2249-782X 0973-709X |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-12-10T13:21:44Z |
| publishDate | 2022-02-01 |
| publisher | JCDR Research and Publications Private Limited |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Journal of Clinical and Diagnostic Research |
| spelling | doaj.art-4a79626ae4094b33801ebc3082e6d71e2022-12-22T01:47:19ZengJCDR Research and Publications Private LimitedJournal of Clinical and Diagnostic Research2249-782X0973-709X2022-02-01162TC17TC2010.7860/JCDR/2022/51686.16027Association of Chest CT Severity Scores and Vaccination Status in COVID-19 Infection: A Cross-sectional StudyTT Vishwanath0BR Rajalakshmi1KS Sadananda2 CN Manjunath3Associate Professor, Department of Radiology, Sri Jayadeva Institute of Cardiovascular Sciences and Research, Mysuru, Karnataka, India.Associate Professor, Department of Pathology, JSS Medical College, Constituent College of JSS Academy of Higher Education and Research, Mysuru, Karnataka, India.Professor, Department of Cardiology, Sri Jayadeva Institute of Cardiovascular Sciences and Research, Mysuru, Karnataka, India.Professor and Director, Department of Cardiology, Sri Jayadeva Institute of Cardiovascular Sciences and Research, Bangalore, Karnataka, India.Introduction: Coronavirus Disease-2019 (COVID-19) has emerged as a pandemic with substantial morbidity and mortality. While global efforts towards mitigating the infection are focused on the vaccination of population, studies are warranted to prove the efficacy of vaccine in prevention of infection or reducing the severity of infection in affected patients. The 25-point High Resolution Computed Tomography (HRCT) severity score has proved to be an effective tool in estimating the severity of lung infection and correlates with laboratory parameters and disease outcome. The HRCT scores hence provide an objective evidence to prove the efficacy of vaccines in vaccinated individuals by assessing the extent of lung involvement. Aim: To compare the chest CT severity score in vaccinated and unvaccinated COVID-19 infected patients. Materials and Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted in the Department of Radiology, at Sri Jayadeva Institute of Cardiovascular Sciences and Research, Mysuru, Karnataka, India. The data of HRCT scores and vaccination status was collected during the month of April 2021 from patients who were suspected to have COVID-19 infection and underwent a chest HRCT scan. The severity of lung infection in vaccinated and unvaccinated individuals were compared based on the HRCT scores and the association between these variables were analysed. The association between the respective variables were studied using Fisher’s-exact and Kruskal-Wallis tests. Results: The study involved a total of 178 subjects (males were 98), where 127 (71.3%) were unvaccinated and 51 (28.6%) were vaccinated with one or both doses {Covaxin (Bharat Biotech) vaccine or Covishield (Oxford-AstraZeneca) vaccine approved by Emergency Use Authorisation (EUA)}. The frequency of disease was least in 14 (7.9%) among fully vaccinated subjects. Severe COVID-19 associated pneumonia with severity score of 18 or more was seen in 7% of unvaccinated individuals, while none of the partial/fully vaccinated individuals had severe disease. The median CT severity score was significantly higher among unvaccinated patients compared to partially and fully vaccinated patients (p-value=0.001). Fully vaccinated patients had almost low CT severity score indicating mild form of disease. Conclusion: To the best of authors knowledge, this study was the first to describe the chest CT severity scores of vaccinated individuals in comparison with the unvaccinated COVID-19 infected patients. The disease severity was significantly higher among unvaccinated patients compared to partially or fully vaccinated patients. The present study has provided substantial evidence of vaccine efficacy in reducing the disease severity in COVID-19 infected patients. https://jcdr.net/articles/PDF/16027/51686_CE[Ra1]_F[SH]_PF1(SC_SS)_PFA(SC_KM)_PN(KM).pdfcoronavirus disease-2019computed tomographyinfectionlung damagepandemicvaccine efficacy |
| spellingShingle | TT Vishwanath BR Rajalakshmi KS Sadananda CN Manjunath Association of Chest CT Severity Scores and Vaccination Status in COVID-19 Infection: A Cross-sectional Study Journal of Clinical and Diagnostic Research coronavirus disease-2019 computed tomography infection lung damage pandemic vaccine efficacy |
| title | Association of Chest CT Severity Scores and Vaccination Status in COVID-19 Infection: A Cross-sectional Study |
| title_full | Association of Chest CT Severity Scores and Vaccination Status in COVID-19 Infection: A Cross-sectional Study |
| title_fullStr | Association of Chest CT Severity Scores and Vaccination Status in COVID-19 Infection: A Cross-sectional Study |
| title_full_unstemmed | Association of Chest CT Severity Scores and Vaccination Status in COVID-19 Infection: A Cross-sectional Study |
| title_short | Association of Chest CT Severity Scores and Vaccination Status in COVID-19 Infection: A Cross-sectional Study |
| title_sort | association of chest ct severity scores and vaccination status in covid 19 infection a cross sectional study |
| topic | coronavirus disease-2019 computed tomography infection lung damage pandemic vaccine efficacy |
| url | https://jcdr.net/articles/PDF/16027/51686_CE[Ra1]_F[SH]_PF1(SC_SS)_PFA(SC_KM)_PN(KM).pdf |
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