Developing Genetic Engineering Techniques for Control of Seed Size and Yield
Many signaling pathways regulate seed size through the development of endosperm and maternal tissues, which ultimately results in a range of variations in seed size or weight. Seed size can be determined through the development of zygotic tissues (endosperm and embryo) and maternal ovules. In additi...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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MDPI AG
2022-10-01
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| Series: | International Journal of Molecular Sciences |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/1422-0067/23/21/13256 |
| _version_ | 1797467912482586624 |
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| author | Intikhab Alam Khadija Batool Yuanyuan Huang Junjie Liu Liangfa Ge |
| author_facet | Intikhab Alam Khadija Batool Yuanyuan Huang Junjie Liu Liangfa Ge |
| author_sort | Intikhab Alam |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Many signaling pathways regulate seed size through the development of endosperm and maternal tissues, which ultimately results in a range of variations in seed size or weight. Seed size can be determined through the development of zygotic tissues (endosperm and embryo) and maternal ovules. In addition, in some species such as rice, seed size is largely determined by husk growth. Transcription regulator factors are responsible for enhancing cell growth in the maternal ovule, resulting in seed growth. Phytohormones induce significant effects on entire features of growth and development of plants and also regulate seed size. Moreover, the vegetative parts are the major source of nutrients, including the majority of carbon and nitrogen-containing molecules for the reproductive part to control seed size. There is a need to increase the size of seeds without affecting the number of seeds in plants through conventional breeding programs to improve grain yield. In the past decades, many important genetic factors affecting seed size and yield have been identified and studied. These important factors constitute dynamic regulatory networks governing the seed size in response to environmental stimuli. In this review, we summarized recent advances regarding the molecular factors regulating seed size in Arabidopsis and other crops, followed by discussions on strategies to comprehend crops’ genetic and molecular aspects in balancing seed size and yield. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-09T19:00:29Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-4a82e52ca39d4e448a0f68ad489cde30 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1661-6596 1422-0067 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-09T19:00:29Z |
| publishDate | 2022-10-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | International Journal of Molecular Sciences |
| spelling | doaj.art-4a82e52ca39d4e448a0f68ad489cde302023-11-24T05:04:59ZengMDPI AGInternational Journal of Molecular Sciences1661-65961422-00672022-10-0123211325610.3390/ijms232113256Developing Genetic Engineering Techniques for Control of Seed Size and YieldIntikhab Alam0Khadija Batool1Yuanyuan Huang2Junjie Liu3Liangfa Ge4Department of Grassland Science, College of Forestry and Landscape Architecture, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, ChinaState Key Laboratory of Ecological Pest Control for Fujian and Taiwan Crops, College of Life Sciences, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, ChinaDepartment of Grassland Science, College of Forestry and Landscape Architecture, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, ChinaDepartment of Grassland Science, College of Forestry and Landscape Architecture, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, ChinaDepartment of Grassland Science, College of Forestry and Landscape Architecture, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, ChinaMany signaling pathways regulate seed size through the development of endosperm and maternal tissues, which ultimately results in a range of variations in seed size or weight. Seed size can be determined through the development of zygotic tissues (endosperm and embryo) and maternal ovules. In addition, in some species such as rice, seed size is largely determined by husk growth. Transcription regulator factors are responsible for enhancing cell growth in the maternal ovule, resulting in seed growth. Phytohormones induce significant effects on entire features of growth and development of plants and also regulate seed size. Moreover, the vegetative parts are the major source of nutrients, including the majority of carbon and nitrogen-containing molecules for the reproductive part to control seed size. There is a need to increase the size of seeds without affecting the number of seeds in plants through conventional breeding programs to improve grain yield. In the past decades, many important genetic factors affecting seed size and yield have been identified and studied. These important factors constitute dynamic regulatory networks governing the seed size in response to environmental stimuli. In this review, we summarized recent advances regarding the molecular factors regulating seed size in Arabidopsis and other crops, followed by discussions on strategies to comprehend crops’ genetic and molecular aspects in balancing seed size and yield.https://www.mdpi.com/1422-0067/23/21/13256seed-specific transcription factorssignaling pathwaysseed sizeseed development |
| spellingShingle | Intikhab Alam Khadija Batool Yuanyuan Huang Junjie Liu Liangfa Ge Developing Genetic Engineering Techniques for Control of Seed Size and Yield International Journal of Molecular Sciences seed-specific transcription factors signaling pathways seed size seed development |
| title | Developing Genetic Engineering Techniques for Control of Seed Size and Yield |
| title_full | Developing Genetic Engineering Techniques for Control of Seed Size and Yield |
| title_fullStr | Developing Genetic Engineering Techniques for Control of Seed Size and Yield |
| title_full_unstemmed | Developing Genetic Engineering Techniques for Control of Seed Size and Yield |
| title_short | Developing Genetic Engineering Techniques for Control of Seed Size and Yield |
| title_sort | developing genetic engineering techniques for control of seed size and yield |
| topic | seed-specific transcription factors signaling pathways seed size seed development |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/1422-0067/23/21/13256 |
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