Effects of Each Phase of Anterior Cruciate Ligament Reconstruction Surgery on Joint Contracture in Rats
Background Although anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction surgery is known to cause joint contracture, the mechanisms of this process are unknown. We aimed to assess the effects of transection of this ligament and each phase of reconstruction surgery on contracture formation. Materials and metho...
| Main Authors: | , , , |
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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Taylor & Francis Group
2022-05-01
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| Series: | Journal of Investigative Surgery |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/08941939.2021.1985193 |
| _version_ | 1797684463365259264 |
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| author | Akinori Kaneguchi Junya Ozawa Kengo Minamimoto Kaoru Yamaoka |
| author_facet | Akinori Kaneguchi Junya Ozawa Kengo Minamimoto Kaoru Yamaoka |
| author_sort | Akinori Kaneguchi |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Background Although anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction surgery is known to cause joint contracture, the mechanisms of this process are unknown. We aimed to assess the effects of transection of this ligament and each phase of reconstruction surgery on contracture formation. Materials and methods Rats were divided into groups according to treatment received: sham (arthrotomy), ligament transection, ligament transection plus bone drilling, and ligament reconstruction. Surgery was performed on the right knee. Untreated left knees in the sham group were used as controls. Results At 7 and 28 d post-surgery, range of motion before myotomy, mainly representing myogenic contracture, was restricted in the sham and ligament transection groups, and more so in the bone drilling and reconstruction groups. Restricted range of motion after myotomy, representing arthrogenic contracture, was detected at both timepoints in the bone drilling and reconstruction groups, but not in the sham or ligament transection groups. At 3 d post-surgery, although a large blood clot was observed in all three treatment groups, only the bone drilling and reconstruction groups showed significant joint swelling. At 7 d post-surgery, inflammatory-cell infiltration into the joint capsule was most apparent in the bone drilling and reconstruction groups, and joint capsule fibrosis was also most apparent in these groups at 7 and 28 d post-surgery. Conclusions Our results suggest that (1) myogenic contracture after anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction is caused by arthrotomy and aggravated by bone drilling, and (2) arthrogenic contracture is mostly due to bone drilling, which triggers an inflammation–fibrosis cascade. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-12T00:30:00Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-4a95dce7c9af44cb9d61accfdd0d459c |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 0894-1939 1521-0553 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-12T00:30:00Z |
| publishDate | 2022-05-01 |
| publisher | Taylor & Francis Group |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Journal of Investigative Surgery |
| spelling | doaj.art-4a95dce7c9af44cb9d61accfdd0d459c2023-09-15T10:21:29ZengTaylor & Francis GroupJournal of Investigative Surgery0894-19391521-05532022-05-0135598499510.1080/08941939.2021.19851931985193Effects of Each Phase of Anterior Cruciate Ligament Reconstruction Surgery on Joint Contracture in RatsAkinori Kaneguchi0Junya Ozawa1Kengo Minamimoto2Kaoru Yamaoka3Department of Rehabilitation, Faculty of Rehabilitation, Hiroshima International UniversityDepartment of Rehabilitation, Faculty of Rehabilitation, Hiroshima International UniversityMajor in Medical Engineering and Technology, Graduate School of Medical Technology and Health Welfare Sciences, Hiroshima International UniversityDepartment of Rehabilitation, Faculty of Rehabilitation, Hiroshima International UniversityBackground Although anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction surgery is known to cause joint contracture, the mechanisms of this process are unknown. We aimed to assess the effects of transection of this ligament and each phase of reconstruction surgery on contracture formation. Materials and methods Rats were divided into groups according to treatment received: sham (arthrotomy), ligament transection, ligament transection plus bone drilling, and ligament reconstruction. Surgery was performed on the right knee. Untreated left knees in the sham group were used as controls. Results At 7 and 28 d post-surgery, range of motion before myotomy, mainly representing myogenic contracture, was restricted in the sham and ligament transection groups, and more so in the bone drilling and reconstruction groups. Restricted range of motion after myotomy, representing arthrogenic contracture, was detected at both timepoints in the bone drilling and reconstruction groups, but not in the sham or ligament transection groups. At 3 d post-surgery, although a large blood clot was observed in all three treatment groups, only the bone drilling and reconstruction groups showed significant joint swelling. At 7 d post-surgery, inflammatory-cell infiltration into the joint capsule was most apparent in the bone drilling and reconstruction groups, and joint capsule fibrosis was also most apparent in these groups at 7 and 28 d post-surgery. Conclusions Our results suggest that (1) myogenic contracture after anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction is caused by arthrotomy and aggravated by bone drilling, and (2) arthrogenic contracture is mostly due to bone drilling, which triggers an inflammation–fibrosis cascade.http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/08941939.2021.1985193anterior cruciate ligament injuryanterior cruciate ligament reconstructionjoint contractureinflammationarthrofibrosis |
| spellingShingle | Akinori Kaneguchi Junya Ozawa Kengo Minamimoto Kaoru Yamaoka Effects of Each Phase of Anterior Cruciate Ligament Reconstruction Surgery on Joint Contracture in Rats Journal of Investigative Surgery anterior cruciate ligament injury anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction joint contracture inflammation arthrofibrosis |
| title | Effects of Each Phase of Anterior Cruciate Ligament Reconstruction Surgery on Joint Contracture in Rats |
| title_full | Effects of Each Phase of Anterior Cruciate Ligament Reconstruction Surgery on Joint Contracture in Rats |
| title_fullStr | Effects of Each Phase of Anterior Cruciate Ligament Reconstruction Surgery on Joint Contracture in Rats |
| title_full_unstemmed | Effects of Each Phase of Anterior Cruciate Ligament Reconstruction Surgery on Joint Contracture in Rats |
| title_short | Effects of Each Phase of Anterior Cruciate Ligament Reconstruction Surgery on Joint Contracture in Rats |
| title_sort | effects of each phase of anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction surgery on joint contracture in rats |
| topic | anterior cruciate ligament injury anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction joint contracture inflammation arthrofibrosis |
| url | http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/08941939.2021.1985193 |
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