Changes in Terrestrial Evaporation across Poland over the Past Four Decades Dominated by Increases in Summer Months
Given the importance of terrestrial evaporation (ET) for the water cycle, a fundamental understanding of the water quantity involved in this process is required. As recent observations reveal a widespread ET intensification across the world, it is important to evaluate regional ET variability. The s...
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| Format: | Article |
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MDPI AG
2022-01-01
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| Series: | Resources |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2079-9276/11/1/6 |
| _version_ | 1797490596210802688 |
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| author | Urszula Somorowska |
| author_facet | Urszula Somorowska |
| author_sort | Urszula Somorowska |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Given the importance of terrestrial evaporation (ET) for the water cycle, a fundamental understanding of the water quantity involved in this process is required. As recent observations reveal a widespread ET intensification across the world, it is important to evaluate regional ET variability. The specific objectives of this study are the following: (1) to assess annual and monthly ET trends across Poland, and (2) to reveal seasons and regions with significant ET changes. This study uses the ET estimates acquired from the Global Land Evaporation Amsterdam Model (GLEAM) dataset allowing for multi-year analysis (1980–2020). The Mann–Kendall test and the Sen’s slope were applied to estimate the significance and magnitude of the trends. The results show that a rising temperature, along with small precipitation increase, led to the accelerated ET of 1.36 mm/y. This was revealed by increased transpiration and interception loss not compensated by a decrease in bare soil evaporation and sublimation. The wide-spread higher water consumption especially occurred during the summer months of June, July, and August. Comparing the two subperiods of 1980–2020, it was found that in 2007–2020, the annual ET increased by 7% compared to the reference period of 1980–2006. These results can serve as an important reference for formulating a water resources management strategy in Poland. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-10T00:35:15Z |
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| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2079-9276 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-10T00:35:15Z |
| publishDate | 2022-01-01 |
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| spelling | doaj.art-4a97923e9da84c6a851e16cc5878957c2023-11-23T15:17:46ZengMDPI AGResources2079-92762022-01-01111610.3390/resources11010006Changes in Terrestrial Evaporation across Poland over the Past Four Decades Dominated by Increases in Summer MonthsUrszula Somorowska0Department of Hydrology, Faculty of Geography and Regional Studies, University of Warsaw, Krakowskie Przedmieście 30, 00-927 Warsaw, PolandGiven the importance of terrestrial evaporation (ET) for the water cycle, a fundamental understanding of the water quantity involved in this process is required. As recent observations reveal a widespread ET intensification across the world, it is important to evaluate regional ET variability. The specific objectives of this study are the following: (1) to assess annual and monthly ET trends across Poland, and (2) to reveal seasons and regions with significant ET changes. This study uses the ET estimates acquired from the Global Land Evaporation Amsterdam Model (GLEAM) dataset allowing for multi-year analysis (1980–2020). The Mann–Kendall test and the Sen’s slope were applied to estimate the significance and magnitude of the trends. The results show that a rising temperature, along with small precipitation increase, led to the accelerated ET of 1.36 mm/y. This was revealed by increased transpiration and interception loss not compensated by a decrease in bare soil evaporation and sublimation. The wide-spread higher water consumption especially occurred during the summer months of June, July, and August. Comparing the two subperiods of 1980–2020, it was found that in 2007–2020, the annual ET increased by 7% compared to the reference period of 1980–2006. These results can serve as an important reference for formulating a water resources management strategy in Poland.https://www.mdpi.com/2079-9276/11/1/6terrestrial evaporationcomponentsGlobal Land Evaporation Amsterdam Model (GLEAM)increasing trendsspatial–temporal patternevaporative ratio |
| spellingShingle | Urszula Somorowska Changes in Terrestrial Evaporation across Poland over the Past Four Decades Dominated by Increases in Summer Months Resources terrestrial evaporation components Global Land Evaporation Amsterdam Model (GLEAM) increasing trends spatial–temporal pattern evaporative ratio |
| title | Changes in Terrestrial Evaporation across Poland over the Past Four Decades Dominated by Increases in Summer Months |
| title_full | Changes in Terrestrial Evaporation across Poland over the Past Four Decades Dominated by Increases in Summer Months |
| title_fullStr | Changes in Terrestrial Evaporation across Poland over the Past Four Decades Dominated by Increases in Summer Months |
| title_full_unstemmed | Changes in Terrestrial Evaporation across Poland over the Past Four Decades Dominated by Increases in Summer Months |
| title_short | Changes in Terrestrial Evaporation across Poland over the Past Four Decades Dominated by Increases in Summer Months |
| title_sort | changes in terrestrial evaporation across poland over the past four decades dominated by increases in summer months |
| topic | terrestrial evaporation components Global Land Evaporation Amsterdam Model (GLEAM) increasing trends spatial–temporal pattern evaporative ratio |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2079-9276/11/1/6 |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT urszulasomorowska changesinterrestrialevaporationacrosspolandoverthepastfourdecadesdominatedbyincreasesinsummermonths |