Adequacy of Improved Sources of Drinking Water, Sanitation, and Hygiene Practice for the Reduction of Diarrheal Disease Among People Living with HIV/AIDS, Harar Region, Ethiopia
Roba Argaw Tessema, Bezatu Mengistie Alemu Department of Environmental Health Sciences, College of Health and Medical Sciences, Haramaya University, Harar, EthiopiaCorrespondence: Roba Argaw Tessema Email robaargaw@gmail.comBackground: Home-based care services like improved water supply, sanitation,...
| Main Authors: | , |
|---|---|
| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
| Published: |
Dove Medical Press
2021-01-01
|
| Series: | HIV/AIDS: Research and Palliative Care |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | https://www.dovepress.com/adequacy-of-improved-sources-of-drinking-water-sanitation-and-hygiene--peer-reviewed-article-HIV |
| _version_ | 1818683692975915008 |
|---|---|
| author | Tessema RA Alemu BM |
| author_facet | Tessema RA Alemu BM |
| author_sort | Tessema RA |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Roba Argaw Tessema, Bezatu Mengistie Alemu Department of Environmental Health Sciences, College of Health and Medical Sciences, Haramaya University, Harar, EthiopiaCorrespondence: Roba Argaw Tessema Email robaargaw@gmail.comBackground: Home-based care services like improved water supply, sanitation, and hygiene (WaSH) practice are vital for people living with HIV/AIDS (PLWHA) to improve their quality of life. The negative impact of inadequate WaSH services is more pronounced among HIV-infected individuals leading them to low economic productivity, poor-nourished, immuno-compromised, and death. The aim of this study was to investigate the adequacy of improved sources of drinking water, sanitation, and hygiene practice for the reduction of diarrheal disease among people living with HIV/AIDS, Harar region, Ethiopia.Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted on 422 PLWHA in the Harar region related to WaSH as home-based care services and the prevalence of diarrheal disease using a standardized survey questionnaire. Descriptive statistics and multivariate Poisson regressions models were performed by SPSS Version 25. Using generalized linear models, adjusted prevalence ratio (APR) with 95%Cl and p-value were computed to assess the strength of association between the outcome and explanatory variables. A significant association was assured when the p-value is less than 0.05.Results: In the present study, the two-week prevalence of diarrheal disease was 25%, of which 16% experienced two or more diarrheal episodes. Moreover, 87% of PLWHA used an improved source of drinking water, 66% used improved sanitation facilities, and 68% have good hygiene practices. Only 37% of the respondents acquired a basic water service level (≥ 20lcd) and 58% of PLWHA acquired the recommended quantity of safe water for drinking (≥ 1.5lcd). In multivariate analysis, the adjusted prevalence ratio of the 2-week prevalence of diarrhea was lower by 8% (APR =1.08; 95%Cl: 1.02, 1.14), 7% (APR =1.07; 95%Cl: 1.01, 1.14), and 5% (APR =1.05; 95%Cl: 1.00, 1.11) among PLWHA who have good hygiene practice, wash their hand with soap 24 hours before the survey, and used sanitation facility consistently, respectively.Conclusion: The current study results showed that PLWHA has inadequate access to improved drinking water sources, improved sanitation facilities, and hygienic practice; these triggers stakeholders for proper interventions, effective integration of adequate WaSH services to the HIV/AIDS program to enhance the quality of life of PLWHA.Keywords: water, sanitation, hygiene, PLWHA, diarrheal disease, home-based care service |
| first_indexed | 2024-12-17T10:38:47Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-4a986092addb4c3f9db349d6ab64d450 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1179-1373 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-12-17T10:38:47Z |
| publishDate | 2021-01-01 |
| publisher | Dove Medical Press |
| record_format | Article |
| series | HIV/AIDS: Research and Palliative Care |
| spelling | doaj.art-4a986092addb4c3f9db349d6ab64d4502022-12-21T21:52:18ZengDove Medical PressHIV/AIDS: Research and Palliative Care1179-13732021-01-01Volume 1311160881Adequacy of Improved Sources of Drinking Water, Sanitation, and Hygiene Practice for the Reduction of Diarrheal Disease Among People Living with HIV/AIDS, Harar Region, EthiopiaTessema RAAlemu BMRoba Argaw Tessema, Bezatu Mengistie Alemu Department of Environmental Health Sciences, College of Health and Medical Sciences, Haramaya University, Harar, EthiopiaCorrespondence: Roba Argaw Tessema Email robaargaw@gmail.comBackground: Home-based care services like improved water supply, sanitation, and hygiene (WaSH) practice are vital for people living with HIV/AIDS (PLWHA) to improve their quality of life. The negative impact of inadequate WaSH services is more pronounced among HIV-infected individuals leading them to low economic productivity, poor-nourished, immuno-compromised, and death. The aim of this study was to investigate the adequacy of improved sources of drinking water, sanitation, and hygiene practice for the reduction of diarrheal disease among people living with HIV/AIDS, Harar region, Ethiopia.Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted on 422 PLWHA in the Harar region related to WaSH as home-based care services and the prevalence of diarrheal disease using a standardized survey questionnaire. Descriptive statistics and multivariate Poisson regressions models were performed by SPSS Version 25. Using generalized linear models, adjusted prevalence ratio (APR) with 95%Cl and p-value were computed to assess the strength of association between the outcome and explanatory variables. A significant association was assured when the p-value is less than 0.05.Results: In the present study, the two-week prevalence of diarrheal disease was 25%, of which 16% experienced two or more diarrheal episodes. Moreover, 87% of PLWHA used an improved source of drinking water, 66% used improved sanitation facilities, and 68% have good hygiene practices. Only 37% of the respondents acquired a basic water service level (≥ 20lcd) and 58% of PLWHA acquired the recommended quantity of safe water for drinking (≥ 1.5lcd). In multivariate analysis, the adjusted prevalence ratio of the 2-week prevalence of diarrhea was lower by 8% (APR =1.08; 95%Cl: 1.02, 1.14), 7% (APR =1.07; 95%Cl: 1.01, 1.14), and 5% (APR =1.05; 95%Cl: 1.00, 1.11) among PLWHA who have good hygiene practice, wash their hand with soap 24 hours before the survey, and used sanitation facility consistently, respectively.Conclusion: The current study results showed that PLWHA has inadequate access to improved drinking water sources, improved sanitation facilities, and hygienic practice; these triggers stakeholders for proper interventions, effective integration of adequate WaSH services to the HIV/AIDS program to enhance the quality of life of PLWHA.Keywords: water, sanitation, hygiene, PLWHA, diarrheal disease, home-based care servicehttps://www.dovepress.com/adequacy-of-improved-sources-of-drinking-water-sanitation-and-hygiene--peer-reviewed-article-HIVwatersanitationhygieneplwhadiarrheal diseasehome-based care service |
| spellingShingle | Tessema RA Alemu BM Adequacy of Improved Sources of Drinking Water, Sanitation, and Hygiene Practice for the Reduction of Diarrheal Disease Among People Living with HIV/AIDS, Harar Region, Ethiopia HIV/AIDS: Research and Palliative Care water sanitation hygiene plwha diarrheal disease home-based care service |
| title | Adequacy of Improved Sources of Drinking Water, Sanitation, and Hygiene Practice for the Reduction of Diarrheal Disease Among People Living with HIV/AIDS, Harar Region, Ethiopia |
| title_full | Adequacy of Improved Sources of Drinking Water, Sanitation, and Hygiene Practice for the Reduction of Diarrheal Disease Among People Living with HIV/AIDS, Harar Region, Ethiopia |
| title_fullStr | Adequacy of Improved Sources of Drinking Water, Sanitation, and Hygiene Practice for the Reduction of Diarrheal Disease Among People Living with HIV/AIDS, Harar Region, Ethiopia |
| title_full_unstemmed | Adequacy of Improved Sources of Drinking Water, Sanitation, and Hygiene Practice for the Reduction of Diarrheal Disease Among People Living with HIV/AIDS, Harar Region, Ethiopia |
| title_short | Adequacy of Improved Sources of Drinking Water, Sanitation, and Hygiene Practice for the Reduction of Diarrheal Disease Among People Living with HIV/AIDS, Harar Region, Ethiopia |
| title_sort | adequacy of improved sources of drinking water sanitation and hygiene practice for the reduction of diarrheal disease among people living with hiv aids harar region ethiopia |
| topic | water sanitation hygiene plwha diarrheal disease home-based care service |
| url | https://www.dovepress.com/adequacy-of-improved-sources-of-drinking-water-sanitation-and-hygiene--peer-reviewed-article-HIV |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT tessemara adequacyofimprovedsourcesofdrinkingwatersanitationandhygienepracticeforthereductionofdiarrhealdiseaseamongpeoplelivingwithhivaidshararregionethiopia AT alemubm adequacyofimprovedsourcesofdrinkingwatersanitationandhygienepracticeforthereductionofdiarrhealdiseaseamongpeoplelivingwithhivaidshararregionethiopia |