Assessing the Impact of Rice Cultivation and Off-Season Period on Dynamics of Soil Enzyme Activities and Bacterial Communities in Two Agro-Ecological Regions of Mozambique
Soil ecosystem perturbation due to agronomic practices can negatively impact soil productivity by altering the diversity and function of soil health determinants. Currently, the influence of rice cultivation and off-season periods on the dynamics of soil health determinants is unclear. Therefore, so...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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MDPI AG
2021-04-01
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| Series: | Agronomy |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4395/11/4/694 |
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| author | Obinna T. Ezeokoli Valter N. A. Nuaila Chinedu C. Obieze Belo A. Muetanene Irene Fraga Maria Natalia Tesinde Alexis Ndayiragije João Coutinho Ana M. P. Melo Rasheed A. Adeleke Ana I. Ribeiro-Barros David Fangueiro |
| author_facet | Obinna T. Ezeokoli Valter N. A. Nuaila Chinedu C. Obieze Belo A. Muetanene Irene Fraga Maria Natalia Tesinde Alexis Ndayiragije João Coutinho Ana M. P. Melo Rasheed A. Adeleke Ana I. Ribeiro-Barros David Fangueiro |
| author_sort | Obinna T. Ezeokoli |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Soil ecosystem perturbation due to agronomic practices can negatively impact soil productivity by altering the diversity and function of soil health determinants. Currently, the influence of rice cultivation and off-season periods on the dynamics of soil health determinants is unclear. Therefore, soil enzyme activities (EAs) and bacterial community compositions in rice-cultivated fields at postharvest (PH) and after a 5-month off-season period (5mR), and fallow-fields (5-years-fallow, 5YF; 10-years-fallow, 10YF and/or one-year-fallow, 1YF) were assessed in two agroecological regions of Mozambique. EAs were mostly higher in fallow fields than in PH, with significant (<i>p</i> < 0.05) differences detected for β-glucosidase and acid phosphatase activities. Only β-glucosidase activity was significantly (<i>p</i> < 0.05) different between PH and 5mR, suggesting that β-glucosidase is responsive in the short-term. Bacterial diversity was highest in rice-cultivated soil and correlated with NO<sub>3</sub><sup>−</sup>, NH<sub>4</sub><sup>+</sup> and electrical conductivity. Differentially abundant genera, such as <i>Agromyces</i>, <i>Bacillus</i>, <i>Desulfuromonas</i>, <i>Gaiella</i>, <i>Lysobacter</i>, <i>Micromonospora</i>, <i>Norcadiodes</i>, <i>Rubrobacter</i>, <i>Solirubrobacter</i> and <i>Sphingomonas</i> were mostly associated with fallow and 5mR fields, suggesting either negative effects of rice cultivation or the fallow period aided their recovery. Overall, rice cultivation and chemical parameters influenced certain EAs and shaped bacterial communities. Furthermore, the 5-month off-season period facilitates nutrient recovery and proliferation of plant-growth-promoting bacteria. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-10T12:34:43Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-4ab3396f12274e5e947d73210db4bdf8 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2073-4395 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-10T12:34:43Z |
| publishDate | 2021-04-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Agronomy |
| spelling | doaj.art-4ab3396f12274e5e947d73210db4bdf82023-11-21T14:20:04ZengMDPI AGAgronomy2073-43952021-04-0111469410.3390/agronomy11040694Assessing the Impact of Rice Cultivation and Off-Season Period on Dynamics of Soil Enzyme Activities and Bacterial Communities in Two Agro-Ecological Regions of MozambiqueObinna T. Ezeokoli0Valter N. A. Nuaila1Chinedu C. Obieze2Belo A. Muetanene3Irene Fraga4Maria Natalia Tesinde5Alexis Ndayiragije6João Coutinho7Ana M. P. Melo8Rasheed A. Adeleke9Ana I. Ribeiro-Barros10David Fangueiro11Department of Microbial, Biochemical and Food Biotechnology, University of the Free State, Bloemfontein 9300, South AfricaCentro de Biotecnologia, Universidade Eduardo Mondlane, Maputo 3453, MozambiqueAfrica Centre of Excellence in Oilfield Chemicals Research, University of Port Harcourt, Choba, Port Harcourt 500102, NigeriaRural Engineering Department, Faculty of Agronomic Sciences, Lúrio University, Marrere 4250, MozambiqueCentre for the Research and Technology of Agro-Environmental and Biological Sciences (CITAB), Universidade de Trás-os-Montes e Alto Douro, Quinta de Prados, 5000-801 Vila Real, PortugalInstituto de Investigação Agraria de Moçambique, Maputo 3658, MozambiqueInternational Rice Research Institute-Eastern and Southern Africa Hub, Maputo 2100, MozambiqueCentro de Química, Universidade de Trás-os-Montes e Alto Douro, Quinta de Prados, 5000-801 Vila Real, PortugalBioData.pt, Instituto Gulbenkian de Ciência, 2780-156 Lisbon, PortugalUnit for Environmental Sciences and Management, North-West University, Private Bag X6000, Potchefstroom 2520, South AfricaForest Research Center (CEF), Instituto Superior de Agronomia, Universidade de Lisboa, 1649-004 Lisbon, PortugalLinking Landscape, Environment, Agriculture and Food Research Unit (LEAF), Instituto Superior de Agronomia, Universidade de Lisboa, 1649-004 Lisbon, PortugalSoil ecosystem perturbation due to agronomic practices can negatively impact soil productivity by altering the diversity and function of soil health determinants. Currently, the influence of rice cultivation and off-season periods on the dynamics of soil health determinants is unclear. Therefore, soil enzyme activities (EAs) and bacterial community compositions in rice-cultivated fields at postharvest (PH) and after a 5-month off-season period (5mR), and fallow-fields (5-years-fallow, 5YF; 10-years-fallow, 10YF and/or one-year-fallow, 1YF) were assessed in two agroecological regions of Mozambique. EAs were mostly higher in fallow fields than in PH, with significant (<i>p</i> < 0.05) differences detected for β-glucosidase and acid phosphatase activities. Only β-glucosidase activity was significantly (<i>p</i> < 0.05) different between PH and 5mR, suggesting that β-glucosidase is responsive in the short-term. Bacterial diversity was highest in rice-cultivated soil and correlated with NO<sub>3</sub><sup>−</sup>, NH<sub>4</sub><sup>+</sup> and electrical conductivity. Differentially abundant genera, such as <i>Agromyces</i>, <i>Bacillus</i>, <i>Desulfuromonas</i>, <i>Gaiella</i>, <i>Lysobacter</i>, <i>Micromonospora</i>, <i>Norcadiodes</i>, <i>Rubrobacter</i>, <i>Solirubrobacter</i> and <i>Sphingomonas</i> were mostly associated with fallow and 5mR fields, suggesting either negative effects of rice cultivation or the fallow period aided their recovery. Overall, rice cultivation and chemical parameters influenced certain EAs and shaped bacterial communities. Furthermore, the 5-month off-season period facilitates nutrient recovery and proliferation of plant-growth-promoting bacteria.https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4395/11/4/694ricerhizosphere microbiomeenzyme activitiessoil health indicatorssoil management practicesbacterial co-occurrence network |
| spellingShingle | Obinna T. Ezeokoli Valter N. A. Nuaila Chinedu C. Obieze Belo A. Muetanene Irene Fraga Maria Natalia Tesinde Alexis Ndayiragije João Coutinho Ana M. P. Melo Rasheed A. Adeleke Ana I. Ribeiro-Barros David Fangueiro Assessing the Impact of Rice Cultivation and Off-Season Period on Dynamics of Soil Enzyme Activities and Bacterial Communities in Two Agro-Ecological Regions of Mozambique Agronomy rice rhizosphere microbiome enzyme activities soil health indicators soil management practices bacterial co-occurrence network |
| title | Assessing the Impact of Rice Cultivation and Off-Season Period on Dynamics of Soil Enzyme Activities and Bacterial Communities in Two Agro-Ecological Regions of Mozambique |
| title_full | Assessing the Impact of Rice Cultivation and Off-Season Period on Dynamics of Soil Enzyme Activities and Bacterial Communities in Two Agro-Ecological Regions of Mozambique |
| title_fullStr | Assessing the Impact of Rice Cultivation and Off-Season Period on Dynamics of Soil Enzyme Activities and Bacterial Communities in Two Agro-Ecological Regions of Mozambique |
| title_full_unstemmed | Assessing the Impact of Rice Cultivation and Off-Season Period on Dynamics of Soil Enzyme Activities and Bacterial Communities in Two Agro-Ecological Regions of Mozambique |
| title_short | Assessing the Impact of Rice Cultivation and Off-Season Period on Dynamics of Soil Enzyme Activities and Bacterial Communities in Two Agro-Ecological Regions of Mozambique |
| title_sort | assessing the impact of rice cultivation and off season period on dynamics of soil enzyme activities and bacterial communities in two agro ecological regions of mozambique |
| topic | rice rhizosphere microbiome enzyme activities soil health indicators soil management practices bacterial co-occurrence network |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4395/11/4/694 |
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