Satellite-Derived Bathymetry in Support of Maritime Archaeological Research—VENμS Imagery of Caesarea Maritima, Israel, as a Case Study
Deriving bathymetry by means of multispectral satellite imagery proves to be a replicable method, offering high-resolution coverage over large areas while keeping costs low. Maritime archaeologists often require bathymetric mapping at a high resolution and with a large spatial coverage. In this pape...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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MDPI AG
2024-03-01
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| Series: | Remote Sensing |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2072-4292/16/7/1218 |
| _version_ | 1827286561032503296 |
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| author | Gerardo Diaz Yoav Lehahn Emmanuel Nantet |
| author_facet | Gerardo Diaz Yoav Lehahn Emmanuel Nantet |
| author_sort | Gerardo Diaz |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Deriving bathymetry by means of multispectral satellite imagery proves to be a replicable method, offering high-resolution coverage over large areas while keeping costs low. Maritime archaeologists often require bathymetric mapping at a high resolution and with a large spatial coverage. In this paper, we demonstrate the implementation of SDB in maritime archaeology using high-resolution (5 m/pixel) data from Vegetation and Environment monitoring on a New Micro-Satellite (VENμS) imagery. We focus on the area of the Roman harbour of Sebastos, located at Caesarea Maritima along the Israeli coast of the Eastern Mediterranean. For extracting SDB, we take an empirical approach, which is based on the integration of satellite imagery and sonar depth measurements, resulting in a blue-green band ratio algorithm that provides reliable results up to a water depth of 17 m. Comparison with in situ depth measurements yielded an RMSE of 0.688 m. The SDB mapping is complemented by satellite-based identification of above- and below-water rocks. The presented approach can readily be replicated in other regions using various types of multispectral satellite imagery, particularly when only coarse bathymetric sonar data are available, thus substantially contributing to our ability to perform maritime archaeological research. |
| first_indexed | 2024-04-24T10:35:30Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-4ac2e1f1441245a59d6a0454a1ffff03 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2072-4292 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-04-24T10:35:30Z |
| publishDate | 2024-03-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Remote Sensing |
| spelling | doaj.art-4ac2e1f1441245a59d6a0454a1ffff032024-04-12T13:25:39ZengMDPI AGRemote Sensing2072-42922024-03-01167121810.3390/rs16071218Satellite-Derived Bathymetry in Support of Maritime Archaeological Research—VENμS Imagery of Caesarea Maritima, Israel, as a Case StudyGerardo Diaz0Yoav Lehahn1Emmanuel Nantet2Department of Maritime Civilizations, School of Archaeology and Maritime Cultures, University of Haifa, Haifa 3103301, IsraelDepartment of Marine Geosciences, Leon H. Charney School of Marine Sciences, University of Haifa, Haifa 3103301, IsraelDepartment of Maritime Civilizations, School of Archaeology and Maritime Cultures, University of Haifa, Haifa 3103301, IsraelDeriving bathymetry by means of multispectral satellite imagery proves to be a replicable method, offering high-resolution coverage over large areas while keeping costs low. Maritime archaeologists often require bathymetric mapping at a high resolution and with a large spatial coverage. In this paper, we demonstrate the implementation of SDB in maritime archaeology using high-resolution (5 m/pixel) data from Vegetation and Environment monitoring on a New Micro-Satellite (VENμS) imagery. We focus on the area of the Roman harbour of Sebastos, located at Caesarea Maritima along the Israeli coast of the Eastern Mediterranean. For extracting SDB, we take an empirical approach, which is based on the integration of satellite imagery and sonar depth measurements, resulting in a blue-green band ratio algorithm that provides reliable results up to a water depth of 17 m. Comparison with in situ depth measurements yielded an RMSE of 0.688 m. The SDB mapping is complemented by satellite-based identification of above- and below-water rocks. The presented approach can readily be replicated in other regions using various types of multispectral satellite imagery, particularly when only coarse bathymetric sonar data are available, thus substantially contributing to our ability to perform maritime archaeological research.https://www.mdpi.com/2072-4292/16/7/1218satellite-derived bathymetryVENμSrock identificationmaritime archaeology |
| spellingShingle | Gerardo Diaz Yoav Lehahn Emmanuel Nantet Satellite-Derived Bathymetry in Support of Maritime Archaeological Research—VENμS Imagery of Caesarea Maritima, Israel, as a Case Study Remote Sensing satellite-derived bathymetry VENμS rock identification maritime archaeology |
| title | Satellite-Derived Bathymetry in Support of Maritime Archaeological Research—VENμS Imagery of Caesarea Maritima, Israel, as a Case Study |
| title_full | Satellite-Derived Bathymetry in Support of Maritime Archaeological Research—VENμS Imagery of Caesarea Maritima, Israel, as a Case Study |
| title_fullStr | Satellite-Derived Bathymetry in Support of Maritime Archaeological Research—VENμS Imagery of Caesarea Maritima, Israel, as a Case Study |
| title_full_unstemmed | Satellite-Derived Bathymetry in Support of Maritime Archaeological Research—VENμS Imagery of Caesarea Maritima, Israel, as a Case Study |
| title_short | Satellite-Derived Bathymetry in Support of Maritime Archaeological Research—VENμS Imagery of Caesarea Maritima, Israel, as a Case Study |
| title_sort | satellite derived bathymetry in support of maritime archaeological research venμs imagery of caesarea maritima israel as a case study |
| topic | satellite-derived bathymetry VENμS rock identification maritime archaeology |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2072-4292/16/7/1218 |
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