Synthesis and Performance of TiO<sub>2</sub>/Fly Ash Cenospheres as a Catalytic Film in a Novel Type of Periodic Air-Sparged Photocatalytic Reactor
The results of a photocatalytic process performed in a new type of inclined, three-phase fluidised bed reactor with a periodic photocatalyst film are presented. These phases were fly ash cenospheres coated with TiO<sub>2</sub>, an aqueous solution of methylene blue and an air stream pass...
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MDPI AG
2020-04-01
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/1996-1944/13/7/1691 |
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| author | Witold Żukowski Przemysław Migas Dariusz Bradło Piotr Dulian |
| author_facet | Witold Żukowski Przemysław Migas Dariusz Bradło Piotr Dulian |
| author_sort | Witold Żukowski |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | The results of a photocatalytic process performed in a new type of inclined, three-phase fluidised bed reactor with a periodic photocatalyst film are presented. These phases were fly ash cenospheres coated with TiO<sub>2</sub>, an aqueous solution of methylene blue and an air stream passing from the bottom of the photoreactor. The cenospheres have a density lower than water and could thus form a catalytic film on a top irradiated window. The formed surface film is stable but is easy to break and be reproduced in a cyclic air-sparged process. Mixing was performed in either a cyclic or a continuous manner. From an operational point of view, the best variant of mixing was a 10 s air-sparge/10 s break with a 50% duty cycle, because it provided the same discolouration efficiency and reduced energy demand by 50% in comparison with the continuous mixing. Due to film formation, the proposed catalytic reactor enables a substantial reduction in the energy required for mixing while maintaining the desired degree of discolouration. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-10T20:39:45Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-4ad55a3da47f437b8e758e15ae45ac0f |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1996-1944 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-10T20:39:45Z |
| publishDate | 2020-04-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Materials |
| spelling | doaj.art-4ad55a3da47f437b8e758e15ae45ac0f2023-11-19T20:43:10ZengMDPI AGMaterials1996-19442020-04-01137169110.3390/ma13071691Synthesis and Performance of TiO<sub>2</sub>/Fly Ash Cenospheres as a Catalytic Film in a Novel Type of Periodic Air-Sparged Photocatalytic ReactorWitold Żukowski0Przemysław Migas1Dariusz Bradło2Piotr Dulian3Faculty of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Cracow University of Technology, ul. Warszawska 24, 31-155 Cracow, PolandFaculty of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Cracow University of Technology, ul. Warszawska 24, 31-155 Cracow, PolandFaculty of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Cracow University of Technology, ul. Warszawska 24, 31-155 Cracow, PolandFaculty of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Cracow University of Technology, ul. Warszawska 24, 31-155 Cracow, PolandThe results of a photocatalytic process performed in a new type of inclined, three-phase fluidised bed reactor with a periodic photocatalyst film are presented. These phases were fly ash cenospheres coated with TiO<sub>2</sub>, an aqueous solution of methylene blue and an air stream passing from the bottom of the photoreactor. The cenospheres have a density lower than water and could thus form a catalytic film on a top irradiated window. The formed surface film is stable but is easy to break and be reproduced in a cyclic air-sparged process. Mixing was performed in either a cyclic or a continuous manner. From an operational point of view, the best variant of mixing was a 10 s air-sparge/10 s break with a 50% duty cycle, because it provided the same discolouration efficiency and reduced energy demand by 50% in comparison with the continuous mixing. Due to film formation, the proposed catalytic reactor enables a substantial reduction in the energy required for mixing while maintaining the desired degree of discolouration.https://www.mdpi.com/1996-1944/13/7/1691catalytic filmtitanium dioxidecenospheresphotocatalytic reaction |
| spellingShingle | Witold Żukowski Przemysław Migas Dariusz Bradło Piotr Dulian Synthesis and Performance of TiO<sub>2</sub>/Fly Ash Cenospheres as a Catalytic Film in a Novel Type of Periodic Air-Sparged Photocatalytic Reactor Materials catalytic film titanium dioxide cenospheres photocatalytic reaction |
| title | Synthesis and Performance of TiO<sub>2</sub>/Fly Ash Cenospheres as a Catalytic Film in a Novel Type of Periodic Air-Sparged Photocatalytic Reactor |
| title_full | Synthesis and Performance of TiO<sub>2</sub>/Fly Ash Cenospheres as a Catalytic Film in a Novel Type of Periodic Air-Sparged Photocatalytic Reactor |
| title_fullStr | Synthesis and Performance of TiO<sub>2</sub>/Fly Ash Cenospheres as a Catalytic Film in a Novel Type of Periodic Air-Sparged Photocatalytic Reactor |
| title_full_unstemmed | Synthesis and Performance of TiO<sub>2</sub>/Fly Ash Cenospheres as a Catalytic Film in a Novel Type of Periodic Air-Sparged Photocatalytic Reactor |
| title_short | Synthesis and Performance of TiO<sub>2</sub>/Fly Ash Cenospheres as a Catalytic Film in a Novel Type of Periodic Air-Sparged Photocatalytic Reactor |
| title_sort | synthesis and performance of tio sub 2 sub fly ash cenospheres as a catalytic film in a novel type of periodic air sparged photocatalytic reactor |
| topic | catalytic film titanium dioxide cenospheres photocatalytic reaction |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/1996-1944/13/7/1691 |
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