Aminolevulinic Acid (ALA) as a Prodrug in Photodynamic Therapy of Cancer
Aminolevulinic acid (ALA) is an endogenous metabolite normally formed in the mitochondria from succinyl-CoA and glycine. Conjugation of eight ALA molecules yields protoporphyrin IX (PpIX) and finally leads to formation of heme. Conversion of PpIX to its downstream substrates requires the activity of...
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| Format: | Article |
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MDPI AG
2011-05-01
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| Series: | Molecules |
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| Online Access: | http://www.mdpi.com/1420-3049/16/5/4140/ |
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| author | Jakub Golab Kamil Bojarczuk Małgorzata Wańczyk Magdalena Winiarska Magdalena Gabrysiak Małgorzata Firczuk Angelika Muchowicz Małgorzata Wachowska |
| author_facet | Jakub Golab Kamil Bojarczuk Małgorzata Wańczyk Magdalena Winiarska Magdalena Gabrysiak Małgorzata Firczuk Angelika Muchowicz Małgorzata Wachowska |
| author_sort | Jakub Golab |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Aminolevulinic acid (ALA) is an endogenous metabolite normally formed in the mitochondria from succinyl-CoA and glycine. Conjugation of eight ALA molecules yields protoporphyrin IX (PpIX) and finally leads to formation of heme. Conversion of PpIX to its downstream substrates requires the activity of a rate-limiting enzyme ferrochelatase. When ALA is administered externally the abundantly produced PpIX cannot be quickly converted to its final product - heme by ferrochelatase and therefore accumulates within cells. Since PpIX is a potent photosensitizer this metabolic pathway can be exploited in photodynamic therapy (PDT). This is an already approved therapeutic strategy making ALA one of the most successful prodrugs used in cancer treatment. |
| first_indexed | 2024-04-14T03:02:30Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-4ad81ecbd2714a629c7f0d9bbc5ee783 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1420-3049 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-04-14T03:02:30Z |
| publishDate | 2011-05-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Molecules |
| spelling | doaj.art-4ad81ecbd2714a629c7f0d9bbc5ee7832022-12-22T02:15:52ZengMDPI AGMolecules1420-30492011-05-011654140416410.3390/molecules16054140Aminolevulinic Acid (ALA) as a Prodrug in Photodynamic Therapy of CancerJakub GolabKamil BojarczukMałgorzata WańczykMagdalena WiniarskaMagdalena GabrysiakMałgorzata FirczukAngelika MuchowiczMałgorzata WachowskaAminolevulinic acid (ALA) is an endogenous metabolite normally formed in the mitochondria from succinyl-CoA and glycine. Conjugation of eight ALA molecules yields protoporphyrin IX (PpIX) and finally leads to formation of heme. Conversion of PpIX to its downstream substrates requires the activity of a rate-limiting enzyme ferrochelatase. When ALA is administered externally the abundantly produced PpIX cannot be quickly converted to its final product - heme by ferrochelatase and therefore accumulates within cells. Since PpIX is a potent photosensitizer this metabolic pathway can be exploited in photodynamic therapy (PDT). This is an already approved therapeutic strategy making ALA one of the most successful prodrugs used in cancer treatment.http://www.mdpi.com/1420-3049/16/5/4140/5-aminolevulinic acidphotodynamic therapycancerlasersinglet oxygen |
| spellingShingle | Jakub Golab Kamil Bojarczuk Małgorzata Wańczyk Magdalena Winiarska Magdalena Gabrysiak Małgorzata Firczuk Angelika Muchowicz Małgorzata Wachowska Aminolevulinic Acid (ALA) as a Prodrug in Photodynamic Therapy of Cancer Molecules 5-aminolevulinic acid photodynamic therapy cancer laser singlet oxygen |
| title | Aminolevulinic Acid (ALA) as a Prodrug in Photodynamic Therapy of Cancer |
| title_full | Aminolevulinic Acid (ALA) as a Prodrug in Photodynamic Therapy of Cancer |
| title_fullStr | Aminolevulinic Acid (ALA) as a Prodrug in Photodynamic Therapy of Cancer |
| title_full_unstemmed | Aminolevulinic Acid (ALA) as a Prodrug in Photodynamic Therapy of Cancer |
| title_short | Aminolevulinic Acid (ALA) as a Prodrug in Photodynamic Therapy of Cancer |
| title_sort | aminolevulinic acid ala as a prodrug in photodynamic therapy of cancer |
| topic | 5-aminolevulinic acid photodynamic therapy cancer laser singlet oxygen |
| url | http://www.mdpi.com/1420-3049/16/5/4140/ |
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