In Vitro Assessment of Enteric Methane Emission Potential of Whole-Plant Barley, Oat, Triticale and Wheat
The study determined in vitro enteric methane (CH<sub>4</sub>) emission potential of whole-plant cereal (WPC) forages in relationship to nutrient composition, degradability, and rumen fermentation. Two varieties of each WPC (barley, oat, triticale, and wheat) were harvested from two fiel...
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MDPI AG
2021-02-01
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| Series: | Animals |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2076-2615/11/2/450 |
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| author | Isaac A. Aboagye Christine L. Rosser Vern S. Baron Karen A. Beauchemin |
| author_facet | Isaac A. Aboagye Christine L. Rosser Vern S. Baron Karen A. Beauchemin |
| author_sort | Isaac A. Aboagye |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | The study determined in vitro enteric methane (CH<sub>4</sub>) emission potential of whole-plant cereal (WPC) forages in relationship to nutrient composition, degradability, and rumen fermentation. Two varieties of each WPC (barley, oat, triticale, and wheat) were harvested from two field replications in each of two locations in central Alberta, Canada, and an in vitro batch culture technique was used to characterize gas production (GP), fermentation, and degradability. Starch concentration (g/kg dry matter (DM)) was least (<i>p</i> < 0.001) for oat (147), greatest for wheat (274) and barley (229), and intermediate for triticale (194). The aNDF concentration was greater for oat versus the other cereals (531 vs. 421 g/kg DM, <i>p</i> < 0.01). The 48 h DM and aNDF degradabilities (DMD and aNDFD) differed (<i>p</i> < 0.001) among the WPCs. The DMD was greatest for barley, intermediate for wheat and triticale, and least for oat (719, 677, 663, and 566 g/kg DM, respectively). Cumulative CH<sub>4</sub> production (MP; mL) from 12 h to 48 h of incubation was less (<i>p</i> < 0.001) for oat than the other cereals, reflecting its lower DMD. However, CH<sub>4</sub> yield (MY; mg of CH<sub>4</sub>/g DM degraded) of barley and oat grown at one location was less than that of wheat and triticale (28 vs. 31 mg CH<sub>4</sub>/g DM degraded). Chemical composition failed to explain variation in MY (<i>p</i> = 0.35), but it explained 45% of the variation in MP (<i>p</i> = 0.02). Variation in the CH<sub>4</sub> emission potential of WPC was attributed to differences in DMD, aNDFD, and fermentation end-products (R<sup>2</sup> ≥ 0.88; <i>p</i> < 001). The results indicate that feeding whole-plant oat forage to ruminants may decrease CH<sub>4</sub> emissions, but animal performance may also be negatively affected due to lower degradability, whereas barley forage may ameliorate emissions without negative effects on animal performance. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-09T05:02:50Z |
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| id | doaj.art-4ad87b0c16ec401485ac1cb9ae8ea1cb |
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| last_indexed | 2024-03-09T05:02:50Z |
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| spelling | doaj.art-4ad87b0c16ec401485ac1cb9ae8ea1cb2023-12-03T12:58:04ZengMDPI AGAnimals2076-26152021-02-0111245010.3390/ani11020450In Vitro Assessment of Enteric Methane Emission Potential of Whole-Plant Barley, Oat, Triticale and WheatIsaac A. Aboagye0Christine L. Rosser1Vern S. Baron2Karen A. Beauchemin3Lethbridge Research and Development Centre, Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, 5403 1st Avenue South, Lethbridge, AB T1J 4B1, CanadaLethbridge Research and Development Centre, Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, 5403 1st Avenue South, Lethbridge, AB T1J 4B1, CanadaLacombe Research and Development Centre, Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, Lacombe, AB T4L 1W1, CanadaLethbridge Research and Development Centre, Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, 5403 1st Avenue South, Lethbridge, AB T1J 4B1, CanadaThe study determined in vitro enteric methane (CH<sub>4</sub>) emission potential of whole-plant cereal (WPC) forages in relationship to nutrient composition, degradability, and rumen fermentation. Two varieties of each WPC (barley, oat, triticale, and wheat) were harvested from two field replications in each of two locations in central Alberta, Canada, and an in vitro batch culture technique was used to characterize gas production (GP), fermentation, and degradability. Starch concentration (g/kg dry matter (DM)) was least (<i>p</i> < 0.001) for oat (147), greatest for wheat (274) and barley (229), and intermediate for triticale (194). The aNDF concentration was greater for oat versus the other cereals (531 vs. 421 g/kg DM, <i>p</i> < 0.01). The 48 h DM and aNDF degradabilities (DMD and aNDFD) differed (<i>p</i> < 0.001) among the WPCs. The DMD was greatest for barley, intermediate for wheat and triticale, and least for oat (719, 677, 663, and 566 g/kg DM, respectively). Cumulative CH<sub>4</sub> production (MP; mL) from 12 h to 48 h of incubation was less (<i>p</i> < 0.001) for oat than the other cereals, reflecting its lower DMD. However, CH<sub>4</sub> yield (MY; mg of CH<sub>4</sub>/g DM degraded) of barley and oat grown at one location was less than that of wheat and triticale (28 vs. 31 mg CH<sub>4</sub>/g DM degraded). Chemical composition failed to explain variation in MY (<i>p</i> = 0.35), but it explained 45% of the variation in MP (<i>p</i> = 0.02). Variation in the CH<sub>4</sub> emission potential of WPC was attributed to differences in DMD, aNDFD, and fermentation end-products (R<sup>2</sup> ≥ 0.88; <i>p</i> < 001). The results indicate that feeding whole-plant oat forage to ruminants may decrease CH<sub>4</sub> emissions, but animal performance may also be negatively affected due to lower degradability, whereas barley forage may ameliorate emissions without negative effects on animal performance.https://www.mdpi.com/2076-2615/11/2/450barleyoatwheattriticalenutrient degradabilitymethane emission |
| spellingShingle | Isaac A. Aboagye Christine L. Rosser Vern S. Baron Karen A. Beauchemin In Vitro Assessment of Enteric Methane Emission Potential of Whole-Plant Barley, Oat, Triticale and Wheat Animals barley oat wheat triticale nutrient degradability methane emission |
| title | In Vitro Assessment of Enteric Methane Emission Potential of Whole-Plant Barley, Oat, Triticale and Wheat |
| title_full | In Vitro Assessment of Enteric Methane Emission Potential of Whole-Plant Barley, Oat, Triticale and Wheat |
| title_fullStr | In Vitro Assessment of Enteric Methane Emission Potential of Whole-Plant Barley, Oat, Triticale and Wheat |
| title_full_unstemmed | In Vitro Assessment of Enteric Methane Emission Potential of Whole-Plant Barley, Oat, Triticale and Wheat |
| title_short | In Vitro Assessment of Enteric Methane Emission Potential of Whole-Plant Barley, Oat, Triticale and Wheat |
| title_sort | in vitro assessment of enteric methane emission potential of whole plant barley oat triticale and wheat |
| topic | barley oat wheat triticale nutrient degradability methane emission |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2076-2615/11/2/450 |
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