Sentinel-2 Detection of Floating Marine Litter Targets with Partial Spectral Unmixing and Spectral Comparison with Other Floating Materials (Plastic Litter Project 2021)
Large-area, artificial floating marine litter (FML) targets were deployed during a controlled field experiment and data acquisition campaign: the Plastic Litter Project 2021. A set of 22 Sentinel-2 images, along with UAS data and ancillary measurements were acquired. Spectral analysis of the FML and...
| Main Authors: | , , , , |
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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MDPI AG
2022-11-01
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| Series: | Remote Sensing |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2072-4292/14/23/5997 |
| _version_ | 1797462241625243648 |
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| author | Dimitris Papageorgiou Konstantinos Topouzelis Giuseppe Suaria Stefano Aliani Paolo Corradi |
| author_facet | Dimitris Papageorgiou Konstantinos Topouzelis Giuseppe Suaria Stefano Aliani Paolo Corradi |
| author_sort | Dimitris Papageorgiou |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Large-area, artificial floating marine litter (FML) targets were deployed during a controlled field experiment and data acquisition campaign: the Plastic Litter Project 2021. A set of 22 Sentinel-2 images, along with UAS data and ancillary measurements were acquired. Spectral analysis of the FML and natural debris (wooden planks) targets was performed, along with spectral comparison and separability analysis between FML and other floating materials such as marine mucilage and pollen. The effects of biofouling and submersion on the spectral signal of FML were also investigated under realistic field conditions. Detection of FML is performed through a partial unmixing methodology. Floating substances such as pollen exhibit similar spectral characteristics to FML, and are difficult to differentiate. Biofouling is shown to affect the magnitude and shape of the FML signal mainly in the RGB bands, with less significant effect on the infrared part of the spectrum. Submersion affects the FML signal throughout the range of the Sentinel-2 satellite, with the most significant effect in the NIR part of the spectrum. Sentinel-2 detection of FML can be successfully performed through a partial unmixing methodology for FML concentrations with abundance fractions of 20%, under reasonable conditions. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-09T17:33:42Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-4b1f07c53e5449f3b187a0fdc4b76bdf |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2072-4292 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-09T17:33:42Z |
| publishDate | 2022-11-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Remote Sensing |
| spelling | doaj.art-4b1f07c53e5449f3b187a0fdc4b76bdf2023-11-24T12:03:56ZengMDPI AGRemote Sensing2072-42922022-11-011423599710.3390/rs14235997Sentinel-2 Detection of Floating Marine Litter Targets with Partial Spectral Unmixing and Spectral Comparison with Other Floating Materials (Plastic Litter Project 2021)Dimitris Papageorgiou0Konstantinos Topouzelis1Giuseppe Suaria2Stefano Aliani3Paolo Corradi4Department of Marine Sciences, University of the Aegean, University Hill, 81100 Mytilene, GreeceDepartment of Marine Sciences, University of the Aegean, University Hill, 81100 Mytilene, GreeceInstitute of Marine Sciences (ISMAR) National Research Council (CNR), Forte Santa Teresa, Pozzuolo di Lerici, 19032 La Spezia, ItalyInstitute of Marine Sciences (ISMAR) National Research Council (CNR), Forte Santa Teresa, Pozzuolo di Lerici, 19032 La Spezia, ItalyEuropean Space Research and Technology Centre (ESTEC), European Space Agency, 2200 AG Noordwijk, The NetherlandsLarge-area, artificial floating marine litter (FML) targets were deployed during a controlled field experiment and data acquisition campaign: the Plastic Litter Project 2021. A set of 22 Sentinel-2 images, along with UAS data and ancillary measurements were acquired. Spectral analysis of the FML and natural debris (wooden planks) targets was performed, along with spectral comparison and separability analysis between FML and other floating materials such as marine mucilage and pollen. The effects of biofouling and submersion on the spectral signal of FML were also investigated under realistic field conditions. Detection of FML is performed through a partial unmixing methodology. Floating substances such as pollen exhibit similar spectral characteristics to FML, and are difficult to differentiate. Biofouling is shown to affect the magnitude and shape of the FML signal mainly in the RGB bands, with less significant effect on the infrared part of the spectrum. Submersion affects the FML signal throughout the range of the Sentinel-2 satellite, with the most significant effect in the NIR part of the spectrum. Sentinel-2 detection of FML can be successfully performed through a partial unmixing methodology for FML concentrations with abundance fractions of 20%, under reasonable conditions.https://www.mdpi.com/2072-4292/14/23/5997marine litter/debrisSentinel-2floating marine litter detectionspectral analysisPlastic Litter Projectbiofouling |
| spellingShingle | Dimitris Papageorgiou Konstantinos Topouzelis Giuseppe Suaria Stefano Aliani Paolo Corradi Sentinel-2 Detection of Floating Marine Litter Targets with Partial Spectral Unmixing and Spectral Comparison with Other Floating Materials (Plastic Litter Project 2021) Remote Sensing marine litter/debris Sentinel-2 floating marine litter detection spectral analysis Plastic Litter Project biofouling |
| title | Sentinel-2 Detection of Floating Marine Litter Targets with Partial Spectral Unmixing and Spectral Comparison with Other Floating Materials (Plastic Litter Project 2021) |
| title_full | Sentinel-2 Detection of Floating Marine Litter Targets with Partial Spectral Unmixing and Spectral Comparison with Other Floating Materials (Plastic Litter Project 2021) |
| title_fullStr | Sentinel-2 Detection of Floating Marine Litter Targets with Partial Spectral Unmixing and Spectral Comparison with Other Floating Materials (Plastic Litter Project 2021) |
| title_full_unstemmed | Sentinel-2 Detection of Floating Marine Litter Targets with Partial Spectral Unmixing and Spectral Comparison with Other Floating Materials (Plastic Litter Project 2021) |
| title_short | Sentinel-2 Detection of Floating Marine Litter Targets with Partial Spectral Unmixing and Spectral Comparison with Other Floating Materials (Plastic Litter Project 2021) |
| title_sort | sentinel 2 detection of floating marine litter targets with partial spectral unmixing and spectral comparison with other floating materials plastic litter project 2021 |
| topic | marine litter/debris Sentinel-2 floating marine litter detection spectral analysis Plastic Litter Project biofouling |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2072-4292/14/23/5997 |
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