Proteomics and Lipidomics to unveil the contribution of PCSK9 beyond cholesterol lowering: a narrative review
Proprotein convertase subtilisin/kexin type 9 (PCSK9), one of the key regulators of the low-density lipoprotein receptor (LDLR), can play a direct role in atheroma development. Although advances in the understandings of genetic PCSK9 polymorphisms have enabled to reveal the role of PCSK9 in the comp...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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Frontiers Media S.A.
2023-06-01
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| Series: | Frontiers in Cardiovascular Medicine |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fcvm.2023.1191303/full |
| _version_ | 1797806293921038336 |
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| author | Erica Gianazza Chiara Macchi Cristina Banfi Massimiliano Ruscica Massimiliano Ruscica |
| author_facet | Erica Gianazza Chiara Macchi Cristina Banfi Massimiliano Ruscica Massimiliano Ruscica |
| author_sort | Erica Gianazza |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Proprotein convertase subtilisin/kexin type 9 (PCSK9), one of the key regulators of the low-density lipoprotein receptor (LDLR), can play a direct role in atheroma development. Although advances in the understandings of genetic PCSK9 polymorphisms have enabled to reveal the role of PCSK9 in the complex pathophysiology of cardiovascular diseases (CVDs), increasing lines of evidence support non-cholesterol-related processes mediated by PCSK9. Owing to major improvements in mass spectrometry-based technologies, multimarker proteomic and lipidomic panels hold the promise to identify novel lipids and proteins potentially related to PCSK9. Within this context, this narrative review aims to provide an overview of the most significant proteomics and lipidomics studies related to PCSK9 effects beyond cholesterol lowering. These approaches have enabled to unveil non-common targets of PCSK9, potentially leading to the development of novel statistical models for CVD risk prediction. Finally, in the era of precision medicine, we have reported the impact of PCSK9 on extracellular vesicles (EVs) composition, an effect that could contribute to an increased prothrombotic status in CVD patients. The possibility to modulate EVs release and cargo could help counteract the development and progression of the atherosclerotic process. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-13T06:05:10Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-4b313c77549146b6bbfcde280189e69d |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2297-055X |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-13T06:05:10Z |
| publishDate | 2023-06-01 |
| publisher | Frontiers Media S.A. |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Frontiers in Cardiovascular Medicine |
| spelling | doaj.art-4b313c77549146b6bbfcde280189e69d2023-06-12T04:35:17ZengFrontiers Media S.A.Frontiers in Cardiovascular Medicine2297-055X2023-06-011010.3389/fcvm.2023.11913031191303Proteomics and Lipidomics to unveil the contribution of PCSK9 beyond cholesterol lowering: a narrative reviewErica Gianazza0Chiara Macchi1Cristina Banfi2Massimiliano Ruscica3Massimiliano Ruscica4Unit of Functional Proteomics, Metabolomics and Network Analysis, Centro Cardiologico Monzino IRCCS, Milan, ItalyDepartment of Pharmacological and Biomolecular Sciences “Rodolfo Paoletti”, Università degli Studi di Milano, Milan, ItalyUnit of Functional Proteomics, Metabolomics and Network Analysis, Centro Cardiologico Monzino IRCCS, Milan, ItalyDepartment of Pharmacological and Biomolecular Sciences “Rodolfo Paoletti”, Università degli Studi di Milano, Milan, ItalyDepartment of Cardio-Thoracic-Vascular Diseases, Foundation IRCCS Ca’ Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Milan, ItalyProprotein convertase subtilisin/kexin type 9 (PCSK9), one of the key regulators of the low-density lipoprotein receptor (LDLR), can play a direct role in atheroma development. Although advances in the understandings of genetic PCSK9 polymorphisms have enabled to reveal the role of PCSK9 in the complex pathophysiology of cardiovascular diseases (CVDs), increasing lines of evidence support non-cholesterol-related processes mediated by PCSK9. Owing to major improvements in mass spectrometry-based technologies, multimarker proteomic and lipidomic panels hold the promise to identify novel lipids and proteins potentially related to PCSK9. Within this context, this narrative review aims to provide an overview of the most significant proteomics and lipidomics studies related to PCSK9 effects beyond cholesterol lowering. These approaches have enabled to unveil non-common targets of PCSK9, potentially leading to the development of novel statistical models for CVD risk prediction. Finally, in the era of precision medicine, we have reported the impact of PCSK9 on extracellular vesicles (EVs) composition, an effect that could contribute to an increased prothrombotic status in CVD patients. The possibility to modulate EVs release and cargo could help counteract the development and progression of the atherosclerotic process.https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fcvm.2023.1191303/fullproprotein convertase subtilisin/kexin type 9atherosclerotic cardiovascular diseaseproteomicslipidomicsextracellular vesicles |
| spellingShingle | Erica Gianazza Chiara Macchi Cristina Banfi Massimiliano Ruscica Massimiliano Ruscica Proteomics and Lipidomics to unveil the contribution of PCSK9 beyond cholesterol lowering: a narrative review Frontiers in Cardiovascular Medicine proprotein convertase subtilisin/kexin type 9 atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease proteomics lipidomics extracellular vesicles |
| title | Proteomics and Lipidomics to unveil the contribution of PCSK9 beyond cholesterol lowering: a narrative review |
| title_full | Proteomics and Lipidomics to unveil the contribution of PCSK9 beyond cholesterol lowering: a narrative review |
| title_fullStr | Proteomics and Lipidomics to unveil the contribution of PCSK9 beyond cholesterol lowering: a narrative review |
| title_full_unstemmed | Proteomics and Lipidomics to unveil the contribution of PCSK9 beyond cholesterol lowering: a narrative review |
| title_short | Proteomics and Lipidomics to unveil the contribution of PCSK9 beyond cholesterol lowering: a narrative review |
| title_sort | proteomics and lipidomics to unveil the contribution of pcsk9 beyond cholesterol lowering a narrative review |
| topic | proprotein convertase subtilisin/kexin type 9 atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease proteomics lipidomics extracellular vesicles |
| url | https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fcvm.2023.1191303/full |
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